# problem

id: 1-1A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-1A1" "What is a requirement of all marine transmitting apparatus used aboard United States vessels?" [Right "Only equipment that has been certified by the FCC for Part 80 operations is authorized.",Left "Equipment must be type-accepted by the U.S. Coast Guard for maritime mobile use.",Left "Certification is required by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).",Left "Programming of all maritime channels must be performed by a licensed Marine Radio Operator."]


id: 1-1A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-1A2" "What transmitting equipment is authorized for use by a station in the maritime services?" [Left "Transmitters that have been certified by the manufacturer for maritime use.",Right "Unless specifically excepted, only transmitters certified by the Federal Communications Commission for Part 80 operations.",Left "Equipment that has been inspected and approved by the U.S. Coast Guard.",Left "Transceivers and transmitters that meet all ITU specifications for use in maritime mobile service."]


id: 1-1A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-1A3" "Small passenger vessels that sail 20 to 100 nautical miles from the nearest land must have what additional equipment?" [Left "Inmarsat-B terminal.",Left "Inmarsat-C terminal.",Left "Aircraft Transceiver with 121.5 MHz.",Right "MF-HF SSB Transceiver."]


id: 1-1A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-1A4" "What equipment is programmed to initiate transmission of distress alerts and calls to individual stations?" [Left "NAVTEX.",Left "GPS.",Right "DSC controller.",Left "Scanning Watch Receiver."]


id: 1-1A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-1A5" "What is the minimum transmitter power level required by the FCC for a medium-frequency transmitter aboard a compulsorily fitted vessel?" [Left "At least 100 watts, single-sideband, suppressed-carrier power.",Right "At least 60 watts PEP.",Left "The power predictably needed to communicate with the nearest public coast station operating on 2182 kHz.",Left "At least 25 watts delivered into 50 ohms effective resistance when operated with a primary voltage of 13.6 volts DC."]


id: 1-1A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-1A6" "Shipboard transmitters using F3E emission (FM voice) may not exceed what carrier power?" [Left "500 watts.",Left "250 watts.",Left "100 watts.",Right "25 watts."]


id: 1-2A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-2A1" "Which commercial radio operator license is required to operate a fixed-tuned ship RADAR station with external controls?" [Left "A radio operator certificate containing a Ship RADAR Endorsement.",Left "A Marine Radio Operator Permit or higher.",Left "Either a First or Second Class Radiotelegraph certificate or a General Radiotelephone Operator License.",Right "No radio operator authorization is required."]


id: 1-2A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-2A2" "When is a Marine Radio Operator Permit or higher license required for aircraft communications?" [Left "When operating on frequencies below 30 MHz allocated exclusively to aeronautical mobile services.",Left "When operating on frequencies above 30 MHz allocated exclusively to aeronautical mobile services.",Right "When operating on frequencies below 30 MHz not allocated exclusively to aeronautical mobile services.",Left "When operating on frequencies above 30 MHz not assigned for international use."]


id: 1-2A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-2A3" "Which of the following persons are ineligible to be issued a commercial radio operator license?" [Right "Individuals who are unable to send and receive correctly by telephone spoken messages in English.",Left "Handicapped persons with uncorrected disabilities which affect their ability to perform all duties required of commercial radio operators.",Left "Foreign maritime radio operators unless they are certified by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).",Left "U.S. Military radio operators who are still on active duty."]


id: 1-2A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-2A4" "What are the radio operator requirements of a passenger ship equipped with a GMDSS installation?" [Left "The operator must hold a General Radiotelephone Operator License or higher-class license.",Left "The operator must hold a Restricted Radiotelephone Operator Permit or higher-class license.",Left "The operator must hold a Marine Radio Operator Permit or higher-class license.",Right "Two operators on board must hold a GMDSS Radio Operator License or a Restricted GMDSS Radio Operator License, depending on the ship's operating areas."]


id: 1-2A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-2A5" "What is the minimum radio operator requirement for ships subject to the Great Lakes Radio Agreement?" [Left "Third Class Radiotelegraph Operator's Certificate.",Left "General Radiotelephone Operator License.",Right "Marine Radio Operator Permit.",Left "Restricted Radiotelephone Operator Permit."]


id: 1-2A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-2A6" "What is a requirement of every commercial operator on duty and in charge of a transmitting system?" [Left "A copy of the Proof-of-Passing Certificate (PPC) must be in the station's records.",Right "The original license or a photocopy must be posted or in the operator's personal possession and available for inspection.",Left "The FCC Form 605 certifying the operator's qualifications must be readily available at the transmitting system site.",Left "A copy of the operator's license must be supplied to the radio station's supervisor as evidence of technical qualification."]


id: 1-3A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-3A1" "Radio watches for compulsory radiotelephone stations will include the following:" [Left "VHF channel 22a continuous watch at sea.",Left "121.5 MHz continuous watch at sea.",Right "VHF channel 16 continuous watch.",Left "500 kHz."]


id: 1-3A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-3A2" "All compulsory equipped cargo ships (except those operating under GMDSS regulations or in a VTS) while being navigated outside of a harbor or port, shall keep a continuous radiotelephone watch on:" [Right "2182 kHz and Ch-16.",Left "2182 kHz.",Left "Ch-16.",Left "Cargo ships are exempt from radio watch regulations."]


id: 1-3A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-3A3" "What channel must all compulsory, non-GMDSS vessels monitor at all times in the open sea?" [Left "Channel 8.",Left "Channel 70.",Left "Channel 6.",Right "Channel 16."]


id: 1-3A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-3A4" "When a watch is required on 2182 kHz, at how many minutes past the hour must a 3 minute silent period be observed?" [Right "00, 30.",Left "15, 45.",Left "10, 40.",Left "05, 35."]


id: 1-3A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-3A5" "Which is true concerning a required watch on VHF Ch-16?" [Left "It is compulsory at all times while at sea until further notice, unless the vessel is in a VTS system.",Left "When a vessel is in an A1 sea area and subject to the Bridge-to-Bridge act and in a VTS system, a watch is not required on Ch-16, provided the vessel monitors both Ch-13 and VTS channel.",Left "It is always compulsory in sea areas A2, A3 and A4.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 1-3A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-3A6" "What are the mandatory DSC watchkeeping bands/channels?" [Left "VHF Ch-70, 2 MHz MF DSC, 6 MHz DSC and 1 other HF DSC.",Right "8 MHz HF DSC, 1 other HF DSC, 2 MHz MF DSC and VHF Ch-70.",Left "2 MHz MF DSC, 8 MHz DSC, VHF Ch-16 and 1 other HF DSC.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-4A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-4A1" "Who is required to make entries in a required service or maintenance log?" [Left "The licensed operator or a person whom he or she designates.",Right "The operator responsible for the station operation or maintenance.",Left "Any commercial radio operator holding at least a Restricted Radiotelephone Operator Permit.",Left "The technician who actually makes the adjustments to the equipment."]


id: 1-4A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-4A2" "Who is responsible for the proper maintenance of station logs?" [Left "The station licensee.",Left "The commercially-licensed radio operator in charge of the station.",Left "The ship's master and the station licensee.",Right "The station licensee and the radio operator in charge of the station."]


id: 1-4A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-4A3" "Where must ship station logs be kept during a voyage?" [Right "At the principal radiotelephone operating position.",Left "They must be secured in the vessel's strongbox for safekeeping.",Left "In the personal custody of the licensed commercial radio operator.",Left "All logs are turned over to the ship's master when the radio operator goes off duty."]


id: 1-4A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-4A4" "What is the proper procedure for making a correction in the station log?" [Left "The ship's master must be notified, approve and initial all changes to the station log.",Left "The mistake may be erased and the correction made and initialized only by the radio operator making the original error.",Right "The original person making the entry must strike out the error, initial the correction and indicate the date of the correction.",Left "Rewrite the new entry in its entirety directly below the incorrect notation and initial the change."]


id: 1-4A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-4A5" "How long should station logs be retained when there are entries relating to distress or disaster situations?" [Left "Until authorized by the Commission in writing to destroy them.",Right "For a period of three years from the last date of entry, unless notified by the FCC.",Left "Indefinitely, or until destruction is specifically authorized by the U.S. Coast Guard.",Left "For a period of one year from the last date of entry."]


id: 1-4A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-4A6" "How long should station logs be retained when there are no entries relating to distress or disaster situations?" [Left "For a period of three years from the last date of entry, unless notified by the FCC.",Left "Until authorized by the Commission in writing to destroy them.",Right "For a period of two years from the last date of entry.",Left "Indefinitely, or until destruction is specifically authorized by the U.S. Coast Guard."]


id: 1-5A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-5A1" "Radiotelephone stations required to keep logs of their transmissions must include:" [Left "Station, date and time.",Left "Name of operator on duty.",Left "Station call signs with which communication took place.",Right "All of these."]


id: 1-5A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-5A2" "Which of the following is true?" [Left "Battery test must be logged daily.",Right "EPIRB tests are normally logged monthly.",Left "Radiotelephone tests are normally logged weekly.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-5A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-5A3" "Where should the GMDSS radio log be kept on board ship?" [Left "Captain's office.",Left "Sea cabin.",Right "At the GMDSS operating position.",Left "Anywhere on board the vessel."]


id: 1-5A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-5A4" "Which of the following statements is true?" [Right "Key letters or abbreviations may be used in GMDSS Radio Logbooks if their meaning is noted in the log.",Left "Key letters or abbreviations may not be used in GMDSS Radio Logbooks under any circumstances.",Left "All Urgency communications must be entered in the logbook.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-5A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-5A5" "Which of the following logkeeping statements is true?" [Left "Entries relating to pre-voyage, pre-departure and daily tests are required.",Right "Both a) and c)",Left "A summary of all required Distress communications heard and Urgency communications affecting the station's own ship.  Also, all Safety communications (other than VHF) affecting the station's own ship must be logged.",Left "Routine daily MF-HF and Inmarsat-C transmissions do not have to be logged."]


id: 1-5A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-5A6" "Which of the following statements concerning log entries is false?" [Right "All Safety communications received on VHF must be logged.",Left "All required equipment tests must be logged.",Left "The radio operator must log on and off watch.",Left "The vessels daily position must be entered in the log."]


id: 1-6A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-6A1" "What regulations govern the use and operation of FCC-licensed ship stations in international waters?" [Left "The regulations of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and Radio Officers Union.",Right "Part 80 of the FCC Rules plus the international Radio Regulations and agreements to which the United States is a party.",Left "The Maritime Mobile Directives of the International Telecommunication Union.",Left "Those of the FCC's Wireless Telecommunications Bureau, Maritime Mobile Service, Washington, DC 20554."]


id: 1-6A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-6A2" "When may the operator of a ship radio station allow an unlicensed person to speak over the transmitter?" [Left "At no time.  Only commercially-licensed radio operators may modulate the transmitting apparatus.",Left "When the station power does not exceed 200 watts peak envelope power.",Right "When under the supervision of the licensed operator.",Left "During the hours that the radio officer is normally off duty."]


id: 1-6A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-6A3" "Where do you make an application for inspection of a ship GMDSS radio station?" [Left "To a Commercial Operator Licensing Examination Manager (COLE Manager).",Left "To the Federal Communications Commission, Washington, DC 20554.",Right "To the Engineer-in-Charge of the FCC District Office nearest the proposed place of inspection.",Left "To an FCC-licensed technician holding a GMDSS Radio Maintainer's License."]


id: 1-6A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-6A4" "Who has ultimate control of service at a ship's radio station?" [Right "The master of the ship.",Left "A holder of a First Class Radiotelegraph Certificate with a six months' service endorsement.",Left "The Radio Officer-in-Charge authorized by the captain of the vessel.",Left "An appointed licensed radio operator who agrees to comply with all Radio Regulations in force."]


id: 1-6A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-6A5" "Where must the principal radiotelephone operating position be installed in a ship station?" [Left "At the principal radio operating position of the vessel.",Left "In the chart room, master's quarters or wheel house.",Right "In the room or an adjoining room from which the ship is normally steered while at sea.",Left "At the level of the main wheel house or at least one deck above the ship's main deck."]


id: 1-6A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "1-6A6" "By international agreement, which ships must carry radio equipment for the safety of life at sea?" [Left "All ships traveling more than 100 miles out to sea.",Left "Cargo ships of more than 100 gross tons and passenger vessels on international deep-sea voyages.",Left "All cargo ships of more than 100 gross tons.",Right "Cargo ships of more than 300 gross tons and vessels carrying more than 12 passengers."]


id: 1-7B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-7B1" "What traffic management service is operated by the U.S. Coast Guard in certain designated water areas to prevent ship collisions, groundings and environmental harm?" [Left "Water Safety Management Bureau (WSMB).",Right "Vessel Traffic Service (VTS).",Left "Ship Movement and Safety Agency (SMSA).",Left "Interdepartmental Harbor and Port Patrol (IHPP)."]


id: 1-7B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-7B2" "What is a bridge-to-bridge station?" [Left "An internal communications system linking the wheel house with the ship's primary radio operating position and other integral ship control points.",Left "An inland waterways and coastal radio station serving ship stations operating within the United States.",Left "A portable ship station necessary to eliminate frequent application to operate a ship station on board different vessels.",Right "A VHF radio station located on a ship's navigational bridge or main control station that is used only for navigational communications."]


id: 1-7B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-7B3" "When may a bridge-to-bridge transmission be more than 1 watt?" [Right "When broadcasting a distress message and rounding a bend in a river or traveling in a blind spot.",Left "When broadcasting a distress message.",Left "When rounding a bend in a river or traveling in a blind spot.",Left "When calling the Coast Guard."]


id: 1-7B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-7B4" "When is it legal to transmit high power on Channel 13?" [Left "Failure of vessel being called to respond.",Left "In a blind situation such as rounding a bend in a river.",Left "During an emergency.",Right "All of these."]


id: 1-7B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-7B5" "A ship station using VHF bridge-to-bridge Channel 13:" [Right "May be identified by the name of the ship in lieu of call sign.",Left "May be identified by call sign and country of origin.",Left "Must be identified by call sign and name of vessel.",Left "Does not need to identify itself within 100 miles from shore."]


id: 1-7B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-7B6" "The primary purpose of bridge-to-bridge communications is:" [Left "Search and rescue emergency calls only.",Left "All short-range transmission aboard ship.",Right "Navigational communications.",Left "Transmission of Captain's orders from the bridge."]


id: 1-8B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-8B1" "What is the best way for a radio operator to minimize or prevent interference to other stations?" [Left "By using an omni-directional antenna pointed away from other stations.",Left "Reducing power to a level that will not affect other on-frequency communications.",Right "Determine that a frequency is not in use by monitoring the frequency before transmitting.",Left "By changing frequency when notified that a radiocommunication causes interference."]


id: 1-8B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-8B2" "Under what circumstances may a coast station using telephony transmit a general call to a group of vessels?" [Left "Under no circumstances.",Right "When announcing or preceding the transmission of Distress, Urgency, Safety or other important messages.",Left "When the vessels are located in international waters beyond 12 miles.",Left "When identical traffic is destined for multiple mobile stations within range."]


id: 1-8B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-8B3" "Who determines when a ship station may transmit routine traffic destined for a coast or government station in the maritime mobile service?" [Left "Shipboard radio officers may transmit traffic when it will not interfere with ongoing radiocommunications.",Left "The order and time of transmission and permissible type of message traffic is decided by the licensed on-duty operator.",Right "Ship stations must comply with instructions given by the coast or government station.",Left "The precedence of conventional radiocommunications is determined by FCC and international regulation."]


id: 1-8B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-8B4" "What is required of a ship station which has established initial contact with another station on 2182 kHz or Ch-16?" [Right "The stations must change to an authorized working frequency for the transmission of messages.",Left "The stations must check the radio channel for Distress, Urgency and Safety calls at least once every ten minutes.",Left "Radiated power must be minimized so as not to interfere with other stations needing to use the channel.",Left "To expedite safety communications, the vessels must observe radio silence for two out of every fifteen minutes."]


id: 1-8B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-8B5" "How does a coast station notify a ship that it has a message for the ship?" [Left "By making a directed transmission on 2182 kHz or 156.800 MHz.",Left "The coast station changes to the vessel's known working frequency.",Left "By establishing communications using the eight-digit maritime mobile service identification.",Right "The coast station may transmit, at intervals, lists of call signs in alphabetical order for which they have traffic."]


id: 1-8B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-8B6" "What is the priority of communications?" [Left "Safety, Distress, Urgency and radio direction-finding.",Right "Distress, Urgency and Safety.",Left "Distress, Safety, radio direction-finding, search and rescue.",Left "Radio direction-finding, Distress and Safety."]


id: 1-9B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-9B1" "Under what circumstances may a ship or aircraft station interfere with a public coast station?" [Right "In cases of distress.",Left "Under no circumstances during on-going radiocommunications.",Left "During periods of government priority traffic handling.",Left "When it is necessary to transmit a message concerning the safety of navigation or important meteorological warnings."]


id: 1-9B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-9B2" "Ordinarily, how often would a station using a telephony emission identify?" [Left "At least every 10 minutes.",Right "At the beginning and end of each transmission and at 15-minute intervals.",Left "At 15-minute intervals, unless public correspondence is in progress.",Left "At 20-minute intervals."]


id: 1-9B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-9B3" "When using a SSB station on 2182 kHz or VHF-FM on channel 16:" [Left "Preliminary call must not exceed 30 seconds.",Left "If contact is not made, you must wait at least 2 minutes before repeating the call.",Left "Once contact is established, you must switch to a working frequency.",Right "All of these."]


id: 1-9B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-9B4" "What should a station operator do before making a transmission?" [Right "Except for the transmission of distress calls, determine that the frequency is not in use by monitoring the frequency before transmitting.",Left "Transmit a general notification that the operator wishes to utilize the channel.",Left "Check transmitting equipment to be certain it is properly calibrated.",Left "Ask if the frequency is in use."]


id: 1-9B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-9B5" "On what frequency should a ship station normally call a coast station when using a radiotelephony emission?" [Left "On a vacant radio channel determined by the licensed radio officer.",Right "Calls should be initiated on the appropriate ship-to-shore working frequency of the coast station.",Left "On any calling frequency internationally approved for use within ITU Region 2.",Left "On 2182 kHz or Ch-16 at any time."]


id: 1-9B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-9B6" "In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the letters E, M, and S are represented by the words:" [Left "Echo, Michigan, Sonar.",Left "Equator, Mike, Sonar.",Right "Echo, Mike, Sierra",Left "Element, Mister, Scooter"]


id: 1-10B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-10B1" "What information must be included in a Distress message?" [Left "Name of vessel.",Left "Location.",Left "Type of distress and specifics of help requested.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 1-10B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-10B2" "What are the highest priority communications from ships at sea?" [Left "All critical message traffic authorized by the ship's master.",Left "Navigation and meteorological warnings.",Right "Distress calls are highest and then communications preceded by Urgency and then Safety signals.",Left "Authorized government communications for which priority right has been claimed."]


id: 1-10B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-10B3" "What is a Distress communication?" [Left "Communications indicating that the calling station has a very urgent message concerning safety.",Right "An internationally recognized communication indicating that the sender is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requests immediate assistance.",Left "Radio communications which, if delayed, will adversely affect the safety of life or property.",Left "An official radio communication notification of approaching navigational or meteorological hazards."]


id: 1-10B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-10B4" "What is the order of priority of radiotelephone communications in the maritime services?" [Left "Alarm and health and welfare communications.",Left "Navigation hazards, meteorological warnings, priority traffic.",Right "Distress calls and signals, followed by communications preceded by Urgency and Safety signals and all other communications.",Left "Government precedence, messages concerning safety of life and protection of property, and traffic concerning grave and imminent danger."]


id: 1-10B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-10B5" "The radiotelephone Distress call and message consists of:" [Left "MAYDAY spoken three times, followed by the name of the vessel and the call sign in phonetics spoken three times.",Left "Particulars of its position, latitude and longitude, and other information which might facilitate rescue, such as length, color and type of vessel, and number of persons on board.",Left "Nature of distress and kind of assistance required.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 1-10B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-10B6" "What is Distress traffic?" [Right "All messages relative to the immediate assistance required by a ship, aircraft or other vehicle threatened by grave or imminent danger, such as life and safety of persons on board, or man overboard.",Left "In radiotelephony, the speaking of the word, \"Mayday.\"",Left "Health and welfare messages concerning property and the safety of a vessel.",Left "Internationally recognized communications relating to important situations."]


id: 1-11B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-11B1" "What is a typical Urgency transmission?" [Right "A request for medical assistance that does not rise to the level of a Distress or a critical weather transmission higher than Safety.",Left "A radio Distress transmission affecting the security of humans or property.",Left "Health and welfare traffic which impacts the protection of on-board personnel.",Left "A communications alert that important personal messages must be transmitted."]


id: 1-11B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-11B2" "What is the internationally recognized Urgency signal?" [Left "The letters \"TTT\" transmitted three times by radiotelegraphy.",Right "The words \"PAN PAN\" spoken three times before the Urgency call.",Left "Three oral repetitions of the word \"Safety\" sent before the call.",Left "The pronouncement of the word \"Mayday.\""]


id: 1-11B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-11B3" "What is a Safety transmission?" [Right "A communications transmission which indicates that a station is preparing to transmit an important navigation or weather warning.",Left "A radiotelephony warning preceded by the words \"PAN PAN.\"",Left "Health and welfare traffic concerning the protection of human life.",Left "A voice call proceeded by the words \"Safety Alert.\""]


id: 1-11B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-11B4" "The Urgency signal concerning the safety of a ship, aircraft or person shall be sent only on the authority of:" [Left "Master of ship.",Left "Person responsible for mobile station.",Right "Either Master of ship or person responsible for mobile station.",Left "An FCC-licensed operator."]


id: 1-11B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-11B5" "The Urgency signal has lower priority than:" [Left "Ship-to-ship routine calls.",Right "Distress.",Left "Safety.",Left "Security."]


id: 1-11B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-11B6" "What safety signal call word is spoken three times, followed by the station call letters spoken three times, to announce a storm warning, danger to navigation, or special aid to navigation?" [Left "PAN PAN.",Left "MAYDAY.",Left "SAFETY.",Right "SECURITE."]


id: 1-12B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-12B1" "What is the fundamental concept of the GMDSS?" [Left "It is intended to automate and improve existing digital selective calling procedures and techniques.",Left "It is intended to provide more effective but lower cost commercial communications.",Left "It is intended to provide compulsory vessels with a collision avoidance system when they are operating in waters that are also occupied by non-compulsory vessels.",Right "It is intended to automate and improve emergency communications in the maritime industry."]


id: 1-12B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-12B2" "The primary purpose of the GMDSS is to:" [Left "Allow more effective control of SAR situations by vessels.",Left "Provide additional shipboard systems for more effective company communications.",Right "Automate and improve emergency communications for the world's shipping industry.",Left "Provide effective and inexpensive communications."]


id: 1-12B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-12B3" "What is the basic concept of GMDSS?" [Right "Shoreside authorities and vessels can assist in a coordinated SAR operation with minimum delay.",Left "Search and rescue authorities ashore can be alerted to a Distress situation.",Left "Shipping in the immediate vicinity of a ship in Distress will be rapidly alerted.",Left "All of these."]


id: 1-12B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-12B4" "GMDSS is primarily a system based on?" [Left "Ship-to-ship Distress communications using MF or HF radiotelephony.",Left "VHF digital selective calling from ship to shore.",Left "Distress, Urgency and Safety communications carried out by the use of narrow-band direct printing telegraphy.",Right "The linking of search and rescue authorities ashore with shipping in the immediate vicinity of a ship in Distress or in need of assistance."]


id: 1-12B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-12B5" "What is the responsibility of vessels under GMDSS?" [Left "Vessels over 300 gross tons may be required to render assistance if such assistance does not adversely affect their port schedule.",Left "Only that vessel, regardless of size, closest to a vessel in Distress, is required to render assistance.",Right "Every ship is able to perform those communications functions that are essential for the Safety of the ship itself and of other ships.",Left "Vessels operating under GMDSS, outside of areas effectively serviced by shoreside authorities, operating in sea areas A2, and A4 may be required to render assistance in Distress situations."]


id: 1-12B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "1-12B6" "GMDSS is required for which of the following?" [Left "All vessels capable of international voyages.",Right "SOLAS Convention ships of 300 gross tonnage or more.",Left "Vessels operating outside of the range of VHF coastal radio stations.",Left "Coastal vessels of less than 300 gross tons."]


id: 1-13C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-13C1" "What is the purpose of the INT-USA control settings on a VHF?" [Left "To change all VTS frequencies to Duplex so all vessels can receive maneuvering orders.",Left "To change all VHF channels from Duplex to Simplex while in U.S. waters.",Right "To change certain International Duplex channel assignments to simplex in the U.S. for VTS and other purposes.",Left "To change to NOAA weather channels and receive weather broadcasts while in the U.S."]


id: 1-13C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-13C2" "VHF ship station transmitters must have the capability of reducing carrier power to:" [Right "1 watt.",Left "10 watts.",Left "25 watts.",Left "50 watts."]


id: 1-13C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-13C3" "The Dual Watch (DW) function is used to:" [Left "Listen to Ch-70 at the same time while monitoring Ch-16.",Left "Sequentially monitor 4 different channels.",Left "Sequentially monitoring all VHF channels.",Right "Listen on any selected channel while periodically monitoring Ch-16."]


id: 1-13C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-13C4" "Which of the following statements best describes the correct setting for manual adjustment of the squelch control?" [Right "Adjust squelch control to the minimum level necessary to barely suppress any background noise.",Left "Always adjust squelch control to its maximum level.",Left "Always adjust squelch control to its minimum level.",Left "Adjust squelch control to approximately twice the minimum level necessary to barely suppress any background noise."]


id: 1-13C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-13C5" "The \"Scan\" function is used to:" [Left "Monitor  Ch-16 continuously and switching to either Ch-70 or Ch-13 every 5 seconds.",Left "Scan Ch-16 for Distress calls.",Left "Scan Ch-70 for Distress alerts.",Right "Sequentially scan all or selected channels."]


id: 1-13C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-13C6" "Why must all VHF Distress, Urgency and Safety communications (as well as VTS traffic calls) be performed in Simplex operating mode?" [Left "To minimize interference from vessels engaged in routine communications.",Right "To ensure that vessels not directly participating in the communications can hear both sides of the radio exchange.",Left "To enable an RCC or Coast station to only hear communications from the vessel actually in distress.",Left "To allow an RCC or Coast station to determine which transmissions are from other vessels and which transmissions are from the vessel actually in distress."]


id: 1-14C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-14C1" "What channel must VHF-FM-equipped vessels monitor at all times when the vessel is at sea?" [Left "Channel 8.",Right "Channel 16.",Left "Channel 5A.",Left "Channel 1A."]


id: 1-14C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-14C2" "What is the aircraft frequency and emission used for distress communications?" [Left "243.000 MHz - F3E.",Left "121.500 MHz - F3E.",Left "156.525 MHz - F1B.",Right "121.500 MHz - A3E."]


id: 1-14C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-14C3" "Which VHF channel is used only for digital selective calling?" [Right "Channel 70.",Left "Channel 16.",Left "Channel 22A.",Left "Channel 6."]


id: 1-14C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-14C4" "Which channel is utilized for the required bridge-to-bridge watch?" [Left "DSC on Ch-70.",Left "VHF-FM on Ch-16.",Right "VHF-FM on Ch-13 in most areas of the continental United States.",Left "The vessel's VHF working frequency."]


id: 1-14C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-14C5" "Which channel would most likely be used for routine ship-to-ship voice traffic?" [Left "Ch-16.",Right "Ch-08.",Left "Ch-70.",Left "Ch-22A."]


id: 1-14C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-14C6" "What channel would you use to place a call to a shore telephone?" [Left "Ch-16.",Left "Ch-70.",Right "Ch-28.",Left "Ch-06."]


id: 1-15C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-15C1" "Which modes could be selected to receive vessel traffic lists from high seas shore stations?" [Left "AM and VHF-FM.",Left "ARQ and FEC.",Left "VHF-FM and SSB.",Right "SSB and FEC."]


id: 1-15C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-15C2" "Why must all MF-HF Distress, Urgency and Safety communications take place solely on the 6 assigned frequencies and in the simplex operating mode?" [Left "For non-GMDSS ships, to maximize the chances for other vessels to receive those communications.",Right "Answers a) and c) are both correct.",Left "For GMDSS or DSC-equipped ships, to maximize the chances for other vessels to receive those communications following the transmission of a DSC call of the correct priority.",Left "To enable an RCC or Coast station to only hear communications from the vessel actually in distress."]


id: 1-15C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-15C3" "To set-up the MF/HF transceiver for a voice call to a coast station, the operator must:" [Left "Select J3E mode for proper SITOR operations.",Left "Select F1B mode or J2B mode, depending on the equipment manufacturer.",Right "Select J3E mode for proper voice operations.",Left "Select F1B/J2B modes or J3E mode, depending on whether FEC or ARQ is preferred."]


id: 1-15C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-15C4" "MF/HF transceiver power levels should be set:" [Right "To the lowest level necessary for effective communications.",Left "To the level necessary to maximize the propagation radius.",Left "To the highest level possible so as to ensure other stations cannot \"break-in\" on the channel during use.",Left "Both a) and c) are correct."]


id: 1-15C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-15C5" "To set-up the MF/HF transceiver for a TELEX call to a coast station, the operator must:" [Left "Select J3E mode for proper SITOR operations.",Right "Select F1B mode or J2B mode, depending on the equipment manufacturer.",Left "Select F1B/J2B modes or J3E mode, depending on whether ARQ or FEC is preferred.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-15C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-15C6" "What is the purpose of the Receiver Incremental Tuning (RIT) or \"Clarifier\" control?" [Right "It acts as a \"fine-tune\" control on the receive frequency.",Left "It acts as a \"fine-tune\" control on the transmitted frequency.",Left "It acts as a \"fine-tune\" control on both the receive and transmitted frequencies.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-16C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-16C1" "On what frequency would a vessel normally call another ship station when using a radiotelephony emission?" [Left "Only on 2182 kHz in ITU Region 2.",Right "On 2182 kHz or Ch-16, unless the station knows that the called vessel maintains a simultaneous watch on another intership working frequency.",Left "On the appropriate calling channel of the ship station at 15 minutes past the hour.",Left "On the vessel's unique working radio channel assigned by the Federal Communications Commission."]


id: 1-16C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-16C2" "What is the MF radiotelephony calling and Distress frequency?" [Left "2670 kHz.",Left "Ch-06 VHF.",Right "2182 kHz.",Left "Ch-22 VHF."]


id: 1-16C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-16C3" "For general communications purposes, paired frequencies are:" [Left "Normally used with private coast stations.",Left "Normally used between ship stations.",Left "Normally used between private coast and ship stations.",Right "Normally used with public coast stations."]


id: 1-16C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-16C4" "What emission must be used when operating on the MF distress and calling voice frequency?" [Right "J3E - Single sideband telephony.",Left "A1A - On-off keying without modulation by an audio frequency.",Left "F3E - Frequency modulation telephony.",Left "A3E - Amplitude modulation telephony, double sideband."]


id: 1-16C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-16C5" "Which of the following defines high frequency \"ITU Channel 1212\"?" [Left "Ch-12 in the 16 MHz band.",Left "Ch-1216 in the MF band.",Right "The 12th channel in the 12 MHz band.",Left "This would indicate the 1st channel in the 12 MHz band."]


id: 1-16C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-16C6" "For general communications purposes, simplex frequencies are:" [Left "Normally used between ship stations and private coast stations.",Left "Normally used with public coast stations.",Left "Normally used between ship stations.",Right "Both a) and c) are correct."]


id: 1-17C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-17C1" "What is the proper procedure for testing a radiotelephone installation?" [Left "A dummy antenna must be used to insure the test will not interfere with ongoing communications.",Right "Transmit the station's call sign, followed by the word \"test\" on the frequency being used for the test.",Left "Permission for the voice test must be requested and received from the nearest public coast station.",Left "Short tests must be confined to a single frequency and must never be conducted in port."]


id: 1-17C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-17C2" "When testing is conducted on 2182 kHz or Ch-16, testing should not continue for more than ______ in any 5-minute period." [Left "2 minutes.",Left "1 minute.",Left "30 seconds.",Right "10 seconds."]


id: 1-17C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-17C3" "Under GMDSS, a compulsory VHF-DSC radiotelephone installation must be tested at what minimum intervals at sea?" [Right "Daily.",Left "Annually, by a representative of the FCC.",Left "Weekly.",Left "Monthly."]


id: 1-17C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-17C4" "The best way to test the MF-HF NBDP system is?" [Left "Make a radiotelephone call to a coast station.",Left "Initiate an ARQ call to demonstrate that the transmitter and antenna are working.",Left "Initiate an FEC call to demonstrate that the transmitter and antenna are working.",Right "Initiate an ARQ call to a Coast Station and wait for the automatic exchange of answerbacks."]


id: 1-17C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-17C5" "The best way to test the Inmarsat-C terminal is?" [Right "Compose and send a brief message to your own Inmarsat-C terminal.",Left "Send a message to a shore terminal and wait for confirmation.",Left "Send a message to another ship terminal.",Left "If the \"Send\" light flashes, proper operation has been confirmed."]


id: 1-17C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-17C6" "When may you test a radiotelephone transmitter on the air?" [Left "Between midnight and 6:00 AM local time.",Left "Only when authorized by the Commission.",Right "At any time (except during silent periods) as necessary to assure proper operation.",Left "After reducing transmitter power to 1 watt."]


id: 1-18C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-18C1" "Under normal circumstances, what do you do if the transmitter aboard your ship is operating off-frequency, overmodulating or distorting?" [Left "Reduce to low power.",Left "Reduce audio volume level.",Right "Stop transmitting.",Left "Make a notation in station operating log."]


id: 1-18C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-18C2" "Which would be an indication of proper operation of a SSB transmitter rated at 60 watt PEP output?" [Left "In SSB (J3E) voice mode, with the transmitter keyed but without speaking into the microphone, power output is indicated.",Right "In SITOR communications, the power meter can be seen fluctuating regularly from zero to the 60 watt relative output reading.",Left "In SSB (J3E) mode, speaking into the microphone causes power meter to fluctuate slightly around the 60 watt reading.",Left "A steady indication of transmitted energy on an RF Power meter with no fluctuations when speaking into the microphone."]


id: 1-18C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-18C3" "If a ship radio transmitter signal becomes distorted:" [Left "Reduce transmitter power.",Left "Use minimum modulation.",Right "Cease operations.",Left "Reduce audio amplitude."]


id: 1-18C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-18C4" "What would be an indication of a malfunction on a GMDSS station with a 24 VDC battery system?" [Right "A constant 30 volt reading on the GMDSS console voltmeter.",Left "After testing the station on battery power, the ammeter reading indicates a high rate of charge that then declines.",Left "After testing the station on battery power, a voltmeter reading of 30 volts for brief period followed by a steady 26 volt reading.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-18C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-18C5" "Your antenna tuner becomes totally inoperative. What would you do to obtain operation on both the 8 MHz and 22 MHz frequency bands?" [Left "Without an operating antenna tuner, transmission is impossible.",Left "It is impossible to obtain operation on 2 different HF bands, without an operating antenna tuner.",Left "Bypass the antenna tuner and shorten the whip to 15 ft.",Right "Bypass the antenna tuner. Use a straight whip or wire antenna approximately 30 ft long."]


id: 1-18C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "1-18C6" "Which of the following conditions would be a symptom of malfunction in a 2182 kHz radiotelephone system that must be reported to the Master, then logged appropriately." [Left "Much higher noise level observed during daytime operation.",Right "No indication of power output when speaking into the microphone.",Left "When testing a radiotelephone alarm on 2182 kHz into an artificial antenna, the Distress frequency watch receiver becomes unmuted, an improper testing procedure.",Left "Failure to contact a shore station 600 nautical miles distant during daytime operation."]


id: 1-19D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-19D1" "What are the antenna requirements of a VHF telephony coast, maritime utility or ship station?" [Right "The shore or on-board antenna must be vertically polarized.",Left "The antenna array must be type-accepted for 30-200 MHz operation by the FCC.",Left "The horizontally-polarized antenna must be positioned so as not to cause excessive interference to other stations.",Left "The antenna must be capable of being energized by an output in excess of 100 watts."]


id: 1-19D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-19D2" "What is the antenna requirement of a radiotelephone installation aboard a passenger vessel?" [Left "The antenna must be located a minimum of 15 meters from the radiotelegraph antenna.",Right "The antenna must be vertically polarized and as non-directional and efficient as is practicable for the transmission and reception of ground waves over seawater.",Left "An emergency reserve antenna system must be provided for communications on 156.800 MHz.",Left "All antennas must be tested and the operational results logged at least once during each voyage."]


id: 1-19D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-19D3" "What is the most common type of antenna for GMDSS VHF?" [Left "Horizontally polarized circular antenna.",Left "Long wire antenna.",Left "Both of the above.",Right "None of the above."]


id: 1-19D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-19D4" "What is the purpose of the antenna tuner?" [Right "It alters the electrical characteristics of the antenna to match the frequency in use.",Left "It physically alters the length of the antenna to match the frequency in use.",Left "It makes the antenna look like a half-wave antenna at the frequency in use.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-19D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-19D5" "What advantage does a vertical whip have over a long wire?" [Left "It radiates more signal fore and aft.",Right "It radiates equally well in all directions.",Left "It radiates a strong signal vertically.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-19D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-19D6" "A vertical whip antenna has a radiation pattern best described by?" [Left "A figure eight.",Left "A cardioid.",Right "A circle.",Left "An ellipse."]


id: 1-20D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-20D1" "For a small passenger vessel inspection, reserve power batteries must be tested:" [Left "At intervals not exceeding every 3 months.",Left "At intervals not exceeding every 6 months",Left "Before any new voyage",Right "At intervals not exceeding 12 months, or during the inspection."]


id: 1-20D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-20D2" "What are the characteristics of the Reserve Source of Energy under GMDSS?" [Left "Supplies independent HF and MF installations at the same time.",Left "Cannot be independent of the propelling power of the ship.",Right "Must be independent of the ship's electrical system when the RSE is needed to supply power to the GMDSS equipment.",Left "Must be incorporated into the ship's electrical system."]


id: 1-20D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-20D3" "Which of the following terms is defined as a back-up power source that provides power to radio installations for the purpose of conducting Distress and Safety communications when the vessel's main and emergency generators cannot?" [Left "Emergency Diesel Generator.",Right "Reserve Source of Energy.",Left "Reserve Source of Diesel Power.",Left "Emergency Back-up Generator."]


id: 1-20D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-20D4" "In the event of failure of the main and emergency sources of electrical power, what is the term for the source required to supply the GMDSS console with power for conducting distress and other radio communications?" [Left "Emergency power.",Left "Ship's emergency diesel generator.",Right "Reserve source of energy.",Left "Ship's standby generator"]


id: 1-20D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-20D5" "What is the requirement for emergency and reserve power in GMDSS radio installations?" [Left "An emergency power source for radio communications is not required if a vessel has proper reserve power (batteries).",Left "A reserve power source is not required for radio communications.",Left "Only one of the above is required if a vessel is equipped with a second 406 EPIRB as a backup means of sending a distress alert.",Right "All newly constructed ships under GMDSS must have both emergency and reserve power sources for radio communications."]


id: 1-20D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-20D6" "What is the meaning of \"Reserve Source of Energy\"?" [Right "The supply of electrical energy sufficient to operate the radio installations for the purpose of conducting Distress and Safety communications in the event of failure of the ship's main and emergency sources of electrical power.",Left "High caloric value items for lifeboat, per SOLAS regulations.",Left "Diesel fuel stored for the purpose of operating the powered survival craft for a period equal to or exceeding the U.S.C.G. and SOLAS requirements.",Left "None of these."]


id: 1-21D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-21D1" "What is an EPIRB?" [Right "A battery-operated emergency position-indicating radio beacon that floats free of a sinking ship.",Left "An alerting device notifying mariners of imminent danger.",Left "A satellite-based maritime distress and safety alerting system.",Left "A high-efficiency audio amplifier."]


id: 1-21D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-21D2" "When are EPIRB batteries changed?" [Left "After emergency use; after battery life expires.",Right "After emergency use or within the month and year replacement date printed on the EPIRB.",Left "After emergency use; every 12 months when not used.",Left "Whenever voltage drops to less than 20% of full charge."]


id: 1-21D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-21D3" "If a ship sinks, what device is designed to float free of the mother ship, is turned on automatically and transmits a distress signal?" [Right "An emergency position indicating radio beacon.",Left "EPIRB on 2182 kHz and 405.025 kHz.",Left "Bridge-to-bridge transmitter on 2182 kHz.",Left "Auto alarm keyer on any frequency."]


id: 1-21D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-21D4" "How do you cancel a false EPIRB distress alert?" [Left "Transmit a DSC distress alert cancellation.",Left "Transmit a broadcast message to \"all stations\" canceling the distress message.",Right "Notify the Coast Guard or rescue coordination center at once.",Left "Make a radiotelephony \"distress cancellation\" transmission on 2182 kHz."]


id: 1-21D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-21D5" "What is the COSPAS-SARSAT system?" [Left "A global satellite communications system for users in the maritime, land and aeronautical mobile services.",Right "An international satellite-based search and rescue system.",Left "A broadband military satellite communications network.",Left "A Wide Area Geostationary Satellite program (WAGS)."]


id: 1-21D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-21D6" "What is an advantage of a 406 MHz satellite EPIRB?" [Left "It is compatible with the geostationary COSPAS-SARSAT and Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) regulations.",Left "Provides the fastest and most accurate way the Coast Guard has of locating and rescuing persons in distress.",Left "Includes a digitally encoded message containing the ship's identity and nationality.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 1-22D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-22D1" "In which frequency band does a search and rescue transponder operate?" [Left "3 GHz.",Left "S-band.",Left "406 MHz.",Right "9 GHz."]


id: 1-22D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-22D2" "How should the signal from a Search And Rescue Radar Transponder appear on a RADAR display?" [Left "A series of dashes.",Left "A series of spirals all originating from the range and bearing of the SART.",Right "A series of 12 equally spaced dots.",Left "A series of twenty dashes."]


id: 1-22D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-22D3" "What is the purpose of the SART's audible tone alarm?" [Right "It informs survivors that assistance may be nearby.",Left "It informs survivors when the battery's charge condition has weakened.",Left "It informs survivors when the SART switches to the \"standby\" mode.",Left "It informs survivors that a nearby vessel is signaling on DSC."]


id: 1-22D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-22D4" "Which statement is true regarding the SART?" [Left "This is a performance monitor attached to at least one S-band navigational RADAR system.",Left "This is a 9 GHz transponder capable of being received by another vessel's S-band navigational RADAR system.",Left "This is a performance monitor attached to at least one X-band navigational RADAR system.",Right "This is a 9 GHz transponder capable of being received by vessel's X-band navigational RADAR system."]


id: 1-22D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-22D5" "At what point does a SART begin transmitting?" [Left "It immediately begins radiating when placed in the \"on\" position.",Left "It must be manually activated.",Right "If it has been placed in the \"on\" position, it will respond when it has been interrogated by a 9-GHz RADAR signal.",Left "If it has been placed in the \"on\" position, it will begin transmitting immediately upon detecting that it is in water."]


id: 1-22D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-22D6" "How can a SART's effective range be maximized?" [Left "The SART should be placed in water immediately upon activation.",Right "The SART should be held as high as possible.",Left "Switch the SART into the \"high\" power position.",Left "If possible, the SART should be mounted horizontally so that its signal matches that of the searching RADAR signal."]


id: 1-23D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-23D1" "Which statement is NOT true regarding the requirements of survival craft portable two-way VHF radiotelephone equipment?" [Left "Watertight to a depth of 1 meter for 5 minutes.",Left "Effective radiated power should be a minimum of 0.25 watts.",Right "Operates simplex on Ch-70 and at least one other channel.",Left "The antenna is fixed and non-removable."]


id: 1-23D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-23D2" "Which statement is NOT true regarding the requirements of survival craft portable two-way VHF radiotelephone equipment?" [Right "Operation on Ch-13.",Left "Effective radiated power should be a minimum of 0.25 Watts.",Left "Simplex voice communications only.",Left "Operation on Ch-16."]


id: 1-23D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-23D3" "With what other stations may portable survival craft transceivers communicate?" [Left "Communication is permitted between survival craft.",Left "Communication is permitted between survival craft and ship.",Left "Communication is permitted between survival craft and rescue unit.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 1-23D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-23D4" "Equipment for radiotelephony use in survival craft stations under GMDSS must have what capability?" [Right "Operation on Ch-16.",Left "Operation on 457.525 MHz.",Left "Operation on 121.5 MHz.",Left "Any one of these."]


id: 1-23D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-23D5" "Equipment for radiotelephony use in survival craft stations under GMDSS must have what characteristic(s)?" [Left "Operation on Ch-16.",Left "Watertight.",Left "Permanently-affixed antenna.",Right "All of these."]


id: 1-23D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-23D6" "What is the minimum power of the SCT" [Left "Five watts.",Right "One watt.",Left "\188 watt.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 1-24D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-24D1" "NAVTEX broadcasts are sent:" [Left "Immediately following traffic lists.",Right "In categories of messages indicated by a single letter or identifier.",Left "On request of maritime mobile stations.",Left "Regularly, after the radiotelephone silent periods."]


id: 1-24D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-24D2" "MSI can be obtained by one (or more) of the following:" [Left "NAVTEX.",Left "SafetyNET.",Left "HF NBDP.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 1-24D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-24D3" "Which of the following is the primary frequency that is used exclusively for NAVTEX broadcasts internationally?" [Right "518 kHz.",Left "2187.5 kHz.",Left "4209.5 kHz.",Left "VHF channel 16 when the vessel is sailing in Sea Area A1, and 2187.5 kHz when in Sea Area A2."]


id: 1-24D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-24D4" "What means are used to prevent the reception of unwanted broadcasts by vessels utilizing the NAVTEX system?" [Left "Operating the receiver only during daytime hours.",Left "Coordinating reception with published broadcast schedules.",Right "Programming the receiver to reject unwanted broadcasts.",Left "Automatic receiver de-sensitization during night hours."]


id: 1-24D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-24D5" "When do NAVTEX broadcasts typically achieve maximum transmitting range?" [Left "Local noontime.",Right "Middle of the night.",Left "Sunset.",Left "Post sunrise."]


id: 1-24D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "1-24D6" "What is the transmitting range of most NAVTEX stations?" [Left "Typically 50-100 nautical miles (90-180 km) from shore.",Left "Typically upwards of 1000 nautical miles (1800 km) during the daytime.",Right "Typically 200-400 nautical miles (360-720 km).",Left "It is limited to line-of-sight or about 30 nautical miles (54 km)."]


id: 3-1A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-1A1" "The product of the readings of an AC voltmeter and AC ammeter is called:" [Right "Apparent power.",Left "True power.",Left "Power factor.",Left "Current power."]


id: 3-1A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-1A2" "What is the basic unit of electrical power?" [Left "Ohm.",Right "Watt.",Left "Volt.",Left "Ampere."]


id: 3-1A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-1A3" "What is the term used to express the amount of electrical energy stored in an electrostatic field?" [Right "Joules.",Left "Coulombs.",Left "Watts.",Left "Volts."]


id: 3-1A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-1A4" "What device is used to store electrical energy in an electrostatic field?" [Left "Battery.",Left "Transformer.",Right "Capacitor.",Left "Inductor."]


id: 3-1A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-1A5" "What formula would determine the inductive reactance of a coil if frequency and coil inductance are known?" [Left "XL = &#928 f L",Right "XL = 2 &#928 f L",Left "XL = 1 / 2 &#928 f C",Left "XL = 1 / R2+X2"]


id: 3-1A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-1A6" "What is the term for the out-of-phase power associated with inductors and capacitors?" [Left "Effective power.",Left "True power.",Left "Peak envelope power.",Right "Reactive power."]


id: 3-2A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-2A1" "What determines the strength of the magnetic field around a conductor?" [Left "The resistance divided by the current.",Left "The ratio of the current to the resistance.",Left "The diameter of the conductor.",Right "The amount of current."]


id: 3-2A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-2A2" "What will produce a magnetic field?" [Left "A DC source not connected to a circuit.",Left "The presence of a voltage across a capacitor.",Right "A current flowing through a conductor.",Left "The force that drives current through a resistor."]


id: 3-2A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-2A3" "When induced currents produce expanding magnetic fields around conductors in a direction that opposes the original magnetic field, this is known as:" [Right "Lenz's law.",Left "Gilbert's law.",Left "Maxwell's law.",Left "Norton's law."]


id: 3-2A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-2A4" "The opposition to the creation of magnetic lines of force in a magnetic circuit is known as:" [Left "Eddy currents.",Left "Hysteresis.",Left "Permeability.",Right "Reluctance."]


id: 3-2A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-2A5" "What is meant by the term \"back EMF\"?" [Left "A current equal to the applied EMF.",Left "An opposing EMF equal to R times C (RC) percent of the applied EMF.",Right "A voltage that opposes the applied EMF.",Left "A current that opposes the applied EMF."]


id: 3-2A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-2A6" "Permeability is defined as:" [Left "The magnetic field created by a conductor wound on a laminated core and carrying current.",Right "The ratio of magnetic flux density in a substance to the magnetizing force that produces it.",Left "Polarized molecular alignment in a ferromagnetic material while under the influence of a magnetizing force.",Left "None of these."]


id: 3-3A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-3A1" "What metal is usually employed as a sacrificial anode for corrosion control purposes?" [Left "Platinum bushing.",Left "Lead bar.",Right "Zinc bar.",Left "Brass rod."]


id: 3-3A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-3A2" "What is the relative dielectric constant for air?" [Right "1",Left "2",Left "4",Left "0"]


id: 3-3A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-3A3" "Which metal object may be least affected by galvanic corrosion when submerged in seawater?" [Left "Aluminum outdrive.",Left "Bronze through-hull.",Left "Exposed lead keel.",Right "Stainless steel propeller shaft."]


id: 3-3A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-3A4" "Skin effect is the phenomenon where:" [Right "RF current flows in a thinner layer of the conductor, closer to the surface, as frequency increases.",Left "RF current flows in a thinner layer of the conductor, closer to the surface, as frequency decreases.",Left "Thermal effects on the surface of the conductor increase the impedance.",Left "Thermal effects on the surface of the conductor decrease the impedance."]


id: 3-3A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-3A5" "Corrosion resulting from electric current flow between dissimilar metals is called:" [Left "Electrolysis.",Left "Stray current corrosion.",Left "Oxygen starvation corrosion.",Right "Galvanic corrosion."]


id: 3-3A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-3A6" "Which of these will be most useful for insulation at UHF frequencies?" [Left "Rubber.",Right "Mica.",Left "Wax impregnated paper.",Left "Lead."]


id: 3-4A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-4A1" "What formula would calculate the total inductance of inductors in series?" [Left "LT = L1 / L2",Right "LT = L1 + L2",Left "LT = 1 / L1 + L2",Left "LT = 1 / L1 x L2"]


id: 3-4A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-4A2" "Good conductors with minimum resistance have what type of electrons?" [Left "Few free electrons.",Left "No electrons.",Left "Some free electrons.",Right "Many free electrons."]


id: 3-4A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-4A3" "Which of the 4 groups of metals listed below are the best low-resistance conductors?" [Right "Gold, silver, and copper.",Left "Stainless steel, bronze, and lead.",Left "Iron, lead, and nickel.",Left "Bronze, zinc, and manganese."]


id: 3-4A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-4A4" "What is the purpose of a bypass capacitor?" [Left "It increases the resonant frequency of the circuit.",Left "It removes direct current from the circuit by shunting DC to ground.",Right "It removes alternating current by providing a low impedance path to ground.",Left "It forms part of an impedance transforming circuit."]


id: 3-4A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-4A5" "How would you calculate the total capacitance of three capacitors in parallel?" [Left "CT = C1 + C2 / C1 - C2 + C3.",Right "CT = C1 + C2 + C3.",Left "CT = C1 + C2 / C1 x C2 + C3.",Left "CT = 1 / C1+1 / C2 + 1 / C3."]


id: 3-4A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-4A6" "How might you reduce the inductance of an antenna coil?" [Left "Add additional turns.",Left "Add more core permeability.",Right "Reduce the number of turns.",Left "Compress the coil turns."]


id: 3-5A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-5A1" "What are the two most commonly-used specifications for a junction diode?" [Left "Maximum forward current and capacitance.",Left "Maximum reverse current and PIV (peak inverse voltage).",Left "Maximum reverse current and capacitance.",Right "Maximum forward current and PIV (peak inverse voltage)."]


id: 3-5A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-5A2" "What limits the maximum forward current in a junction diode?" [Left "The peak inverse voltage (PIV).",Right "The junction temperature.",Left "The forward voltage.",Left "The back EMF."]


id: 3-5A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-5A3" "MOSFETs are manufactured with THIS protective device built into their gate to protect the device from static charges and excessive voltages:" [Left "Schottky diode.",Left "Metal oxide varistor (MOV).",Right "Zener diode.",Left "Tunnel diode."]


id: 3-5A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-5A4" "What are the two basic types of junction field-effect transistors?" [Right "N-channel and P-channel.",Left "High power and low power.",Left "MOSFET and GaAsFET.",Left "Silicon FET and germanium FET."]


id: 3-5A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-5A5" "A common emitter amplifier has:" [Left "Lower input impedance than a common base.",Right "More voltage gain than a common collector.",Left "Less current gain than a common base.",Left "Less voltage gain than a common collector."]


id: 3-5A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-5A6" "How does the input impedance of a field-effect transistor compare with that of a bipolar transistor?" [Right "An FET has high input impedance; a bipolar transistor has low input impedance.",Left "One cannot compare input impedance without first knowing the supply voltage.",Left "An FET has low input impedance; a bipolar transistor has high input impedance.",Left "The input impedance of FETs and bipolar transistors is the same."]


id: 3-6A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-6A1" "An AC ammeter indicates:" [Left "Effective (TRM) values of current.",Right "Effective (RMS) values of current.",Left "Peak values of current.",Left "Average values of current."]


id: 3-6A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-6A2" "By what factor must the voltage of an AC circuit, as indicated on the scale of an AC voltmeter, be multiplied to obtain the peak voltage value?" [Left "0.707",Left "0.9",Right "1.414",Left "3.14"]


id: 3-6A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-6A3" "What is the RMS voltage at a common household electrical power outlet?" [Left "331-V AC.",Left "82.7-V AC.",Left "165.5-V AC.",Right "117-V AC."]


id: 3-6A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-6A4" "What is the easiest voltage amplitude to measure by viewing a pure sine wave signal on an oscilloscope?" [Right "Peak-to-peak.",Left "RMS.",Left "Average.",Left "DC."]


id: 3-6A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-6A5" "By what factor must the voltage measured in an AC circuit, as indicated on the scale of an AC voltmeter, be multiplied to obtain the average voltage value?" [Left "0.707",Left "1.414",Right "0.9",Left "3.14"]


id: 3-6A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-6A6" "What is the peak voltage at a common household electrical outlet?" [Left "234 volts.",Left "117 volts.",Left "331 volts.",Right "165.5 volts."]


id: 3-7A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-7A1" "What is a sine wave?" [Left "A constant-voltage, varying-current wave.",Right "A wave whose amplitude at any given instant can be represented by the projection of a point on a wheel rotating at a uniform speed.",Left "A wave following the laws of the trigonometric tangent function.",Left "A wave whose polarity changes in a random manner."]


id: 3-7A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-7A2" "How many degrees are there in one complete sine wave cycle?" [Left "90 degrees.",Left "270 degrees.",Left "180 degrees.",Right "360 degrees."]


id: 3-7A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-7A3" "What type of wave is made up of sine waves of the fundamental frequency and all the odd harmonics?" [Right "Square.",Left "Sine.",Left "Cosine.",Left "Tangent."]


id: 3-7A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-7A4" "What is the description of a square wave?" [Left "A wave with only 300 degrees in one cycle.",Left "A wave whose periodic function is always negative.",Left "A wave whose periodic function is always positive.",Right "A wave that abruptly changes back and forth between two voltage levels and stays at these levels for equal amounts of time."]


id: 3-7A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-7A5" "What type of wave is made up of sine waves at the fundamental frequency and all the harmonics?" [Right "Sawtooth wave.",Left "Square wave.",Left "Sine wave.",Left "Cosine wave."]


id: 3-7A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-7A6" "What type of wave is characterized by a rise time significantly faster than the fall time (or vice versa)?" [Left "Cosine wave.",Left "Square wave.",Right "Sawtooth wave.",Left "Sine wave."]


id: 3-8A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-8A1" "What is the term used to identify an AC voltage that would cause the same heating in a resistor as a corresponding value of DC voltage?" [Left "Cosine voltage.",Left "Power factor.",Right "Root mean square (RMS).",Left "Average voltage."]


id: 3-8A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-8A2" "What happens to reactive power in a circuit that has both inductors and capacitors?" [Left "It is dissipated as heat in the circuit.",Right "It alternates between magnetic and electric fields and is not dissipated.",Left "It is dissipated as inductive and capacitive fields.",Left "It is dissipated as kinetic energy within the circuit."]


id: 3-8A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-8A3" "Halving the cross-sectional area of a conductor will:" [Left "Not affect the resistance.",Left "Quarter the resistance.",Right "Double the resistance.",Left "Halve the resistance."]


id: 3-8A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-8A4" "Which of the following groups is correct for listing common materials in order of descending conductivity?" [Right "Silver, copper, aluminum, iron, and lead.",Left "Lead, iron, silver, aluminum, and copper.",Left "Iron, silver, aluminum, copper, and silver.",Left "Silver, aluminum, iron, lead, and copper."]


id: 3-8A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-8A5" "How do you compute true power (power dissipated in the circuit) in a circuit where AC voltage and current are out of phase?" [Left "Multiply RMS voltage times RMS current.",Left "Subtract apparent power from the power factor.",Left "Divide apparent power by the power factor.",Right "Multiply apparent power times the power factor."]


id: 3-8A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "3-8A6" "Assuming a power source to have a fixed value of internal resistance, maximum power will be transferred to the load when:" [Left "The load impedance is greater than the source impedance.",Right "The load impedance equals the internal impedance of the source.",Left "The load impedance is less than the source impedance.",Left "The fixed values of internal impedance are not relative to the power source."]


id: 3-9B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-9B1" "What value of series resistor would be needed to obtain a full scale deflection on a 50 microamp DC meter with an applied voltage of 200 volts DC?" [Right "4 megohms.",Left "2 megohms.",Left "400 kilohms.",Left "200 kilohms."]


id: 3-9B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-9B2" "Which of the following Ohms Law formulas is incorrect?" [Left "I = E / R",Right "I = R / E",Left "E = I x R",Left "R = E / I"]


id: 3-9B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-9B3" "If a current of 2 amperes flows through a 50-ohm resistor, what is the voltage across the resistor?" [Left "25 volts.",Left "52 volts.",Left "200 volts.",Right "100 volts."]


id: 3-9B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-9B4" "If a 100-ohm resistor is connected across 200 volts, what is the current through the resistor?" [Right "2 amperes.",Left "1 ampere.",Left "300 amperes.",Left "20,000 amperes."]


id: 3-9B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-9B5" "If a current of 3 amperes flows through a resistor connected to 90 volts, what is the resistance?" [Left "3 ohms.",Right "30 ohms.",Left "93 ohms.",Left "270 ohms."]


id: 3-9B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-9B6" "A relay coil has 500 ohms resistance, and operates on 125 mA. What value of resistance should be connected in series with it to operate from 110 V DC?" [Left "150 ohms.",Left "220 ohms.",Right "380 ohms.",Left "470 ohms."]


id: 3-10B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-10B1" "What is the peak-to-peak RF voltage on the 50 ohm output of a 100 watt transmitter?" [Left "70 volts.",Left "100 volts.",Left "140 volts.",Right "200 volts."]


id: 3-10B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-10B2" "What is the maximum DC or RMS voltage that may be connected across a 20 watt, 2000 ohm resistor?" [Left "10 volts.",Left "100 volts.",Right "200 volts.",Left "10,000 volts."]


id: 3-10B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-10B3" "A 500-ohm, 2-watt resistor and a 1500-ohm, 1-watt resistor are connected in parallel.  What is the maximum voltage that can be applied across the parallel circuit without exceeding wattage ratings?" [Left "22.4 volts.",Right "31.6 volts.",Left "38.7 volts.",Left "875 volts."]


id: 3-10B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-10B4" "In Figure 3B1, what is the voltage drop across R1?" [Left "9 volts.",Left "7 volts.",Right "5 volts.",Left "3 volts."]


id: 3-10B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-10B5" "In Figure 3B2, what is the voltage drop across R1?" [Left "1.2 volts.",Left "2.4 volts.",Left "3.7 volts.",Right "9 volts."]


id: 3-10B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-10B6" "What is the maximum rated current-carrying capacity of a resistor marked \"2000 ohms, 200 watts\"?" [Right "0.316 amps.",Left "3.16 amps.",Left "10 amps.",Left "100 amps."]


id: 3-11B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-11B1" "What is the most the actual transmit frequency could differ from a reading of 462,100,000 Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of &#177; 0.1 ppm?" [Right "46.21 Hz.",Left "0.1 MHz.",Left "462.1 Hz.",Left "0.2 MHz."]


id: 3-11B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-11B2" "The second harmonic of a 380 kHz frequency is:" [Left "2 MHz.",Right "760 kHz.",Left "190 kHz.",Left "144.4 GHz."]


id: 3-11B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-11B3" "The frequency that is 2 octaves higher than 1000 Hz is:" [Right "4000 Hz.",Left "5000 Hz.",Left "2000 Hz.",Left "3000 Hz."]


id: 3-11B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-11B4" "What is the most the actual transmitter frequency could differ from a reading of 156,520,000 hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of &#177; 1.0 ppm?" [Left "165.2 Hz.",Left "15.652 kHz.",Right "156.52 Hz.",Left "1.4652 MHz."]


id: 3-11B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-11B5" "What is the most the actual transmitter frequency could differ from a reading of 156,520,000 Hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of &#177; 10 ppm?" [Left "146.52 Hz.",Right "1565.20 Hz.",Left "10 Hz.",Left "156.52 kHz."]


id: 3-11B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-11B6" "What is the most the actual transmitter frequency could differ from a reading of 462,100,000 hertz on a frequency counter with a time base accuracy of &#177; 1.0 ppm?" [Left "46.21 MHz.",Left "10 Hz.",Left "1.0 MHz.",Right "462.1 Hz."]


id: 3-12B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-12B1" "At pi/3 radians, what is the amplitude of a sine-wave having a peak value of 5 volts?" [Left "-4.3 volts.",Left "-2.5 volts.",Left "+2.5 volts.",Right "+4.3 volts."]


id: 3-12B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-12B2" "At 150 degrees, what is the amplitude of a sine-wave having a peak value of 5 volts?" [Left "-4.3 volts.",Left "-2.5 volts.",Right "+2.5 volts.",Left "+4.3 volts."]


id: 3-12B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-12B3" "At 240 degrees, what is the amplitude of a sine-wave having a peak value of 5 volts?" [Right "-4.3 volts.",Left "-2.5 volts.",Left "+2.5 volts.",Left "+4.3 volts."]


id: 3-12B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-12B4" "What is the equivalent to the root-mean-square value of an AC voltage?" [Left "AC voltage is the square root of the average AC value.",Left "The DC voltage causing the same heating in a given resistor at the peak AC voltage.",Left "The AC voltage found by taking the square of the average value of the peak AC voltage.",Right "The DC voltage causing the same heating in a given resistor as the RMS AC voltage of the same value."]


id: 3-12B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-12B5" "What is the RMS value of a 340-volt peak-to-peak pure sine wave?" [Left "170 volts AC.",Left "240 volts AC.",Right "120 volts AC.",Left "350 volts AC."]


id: 3-12B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-12B6" "Determine the phase relationship between the two signals shown in Figure 3B3." [Left "A is lagging B by 90 degrees.",Right "B is lagging A by 90 degrees.",Left "A is leading B by 90 degrees.",Left "B is leading A by 90 degrees."]


id: 3-13B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-13B1" "What does the power factor equal in an R-L circuit having a 60 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?" [Left "0.414",Left "0.866",Right "0.5",Left "1.73"]


id: 3-13B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-13B2" "If a resistance to which a constant voltage is applied is halved, what power dissipation will result?" [Right "Double.",Left "Halved.",Left "Quadruple.",Left "Remain the same."]


id: 3-13B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-13B3" "746 watts, corresponding to the lifting of 550 pounds at the rate of one-foot-per-second, is the equivalent of how much horsepower?" [Left "One-quarter horsepower.",Left "One-half horsepower.",Left "Three-quarters horsepower.",Right "One horsepower."]


id: 3-13B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-13B4" "In a circuit where the AC voltage and current are out of phase, how can the true power be determined?" [Right "By multiplying the apparent power times the power factor.",Left "By subtracting the apparent power from the power factor.",Left "By dividing the apparent power by the power factor.",Left "By multiplying the RMS voltage times the RMS current."]


id: 3-13B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-13B5" "What does the power factor equal in an R-L circuit having a 45 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?" [Left "0.866",Left "1.0",Left "0.5",Right "0.707"]


id: 3-13B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-13B6" "What does the power factor equal in an R-L circuit having a 30 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?" [Left "1.73",Right "0.866",Left "0.5",Left "0.577"]


id: 3-14B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-14B1" "What is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be charged to 63.2% of the supply voltage?" [Left "An exponential rate of one.",Right "One time constant.",Left "One exponential period.",Left "A time factor of one."]


id: 3-14B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-14B2" "What is the meaning of the term \"time constant of an RC circuit\"? The time required to charge the capacitor in the circuit to:" [Left "23.7% of the supply voltage.",Left "36.8% of the supply voltage.",Left "57.3% of the supply voltage.",Right "63.2% of the supply voltage."]


id: 3-14B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-14B3" "What is the term for the time required for the current in an RL circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value?" [Right "One time constant.",Left "An exponential period of one.",Left "A time factor of one.",Left "One exponential rate."]


id: 3-14B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-14B4" "What is the meaning of the term \"time constant of an RL circuit\"?  The time required for the:" [Left "Current in the circuit to build up to 36.8% of the maximum value.",Left "Voltage in the circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value.",Right "Current in the circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value.",Left "Voltage in the circuit to build up to 36.8% of the maximum value."]


id: 3-14B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-14B5" "After two time constants, the capacitor in an RC circuit is charged to what percentage of the supply voltage?" [Left "36.8 %",Left "63.2 %",Right "86.5 %",Left "95 %"]


id: 3-14B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-14B6" "After two time constants, the capacitor in an RC circuit is discharged to what percentage of the starting voltage?" [Left "86.5 %",Right "13.5 %",Left "63.2 %",Left "36.8 %"]


id: 3-15B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-15B1" "What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors all in parallel?" [Left "22 seconds.",Left "44 seconds.",Left "440 seconds.",Right "220 seconds."]


id: 3-15B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-15B2" "What is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and two 470-kilohm resistors all in series?" [Left "470 seconds.",Right "47 seconds.",Left "4.7 seconds.",Left "0.47 seconds."]


id: 3-15B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-15B3" "What is the time constant of a circuit having a 100-microfarad capacitor and a 470-kilohm resistor in series?" [Left "4700 seconds.",Left "470 seconds.",Right "47 seconds.",Left "0.47 seconds."]


id: 3-15B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-15B4" "What is the time constant of a circuit having a 220-microfarad capacitor and a 1-megohm resistor in parallel?" [Right "220 seconds.",Left "22 seconds.",Left "2.2 seconds.",Left "0.22 seconds."]


id: 3-15B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-15B5" "What is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and two 470-kilohm resistors all in parallel?" [Left "470 seconds.",Right "47 seconds.",Left "4.7 seconds.",Left "0.47 seconds."]


id: 3-15B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-15B6" "What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors all in series?" [Right "220 seconds.",Left "55 seconds.",Left "110 seconds.",Left "440 seconds."]


id: 3-16B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-16B1" "What is the impedance of a network composed of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in series with a 20-ohm resistor, at 30 MHz?  Specify your answer in rectangular coordinates." [Left "20 -j19",Left "19 +j20",Right "20 +j19",Left "19 -j20"]


id: 3-16B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-16B2" "In rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 0.1-microhenry inductor in series with a 30-ohm resistor, at 5 MHz?" [Left "30 -j3",Left "3 +j30",Left "3 -j30",Right "30 +j3"]


id: 3-16B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-16B3" "In rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 10-microhenry inductor in series with a 40-ohm resistor, at 500 MHz?" [Right "40 +j31400",Left "40 -j31400",Left "31400 +j40",Left "31400 -j40"]


id: 3-16B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-16B4" "In rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 1.0-millihenry inductor in series with a 200-ohm resistor, at 30 kHz?" [Left "200 - j188",Right "200 + j188",Left "188 + j200",Left "188 - j200"]


id: 3-16B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-16B5" "In rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 0.01-microfarad capacitor in parallel with a 300-ohm resistor, at 50 kHz?" [Left "150 - j159",Left "150 + j159",Right "159 - j150",Left "159 + j150"]


id: 3-16B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-16B6" "In rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 0.001-microfarad capacitor in series with a 400-ohm resistor, at 500 kHz?" [Left "318 - j400",Left "400 + j318",Left "318 + j400",Right "400 - j318"]


id: 3-17B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-17B1" "What is the impedance of a network composed of a 100-picofarad capacitor in parallel with a 4000-ohm resistor, at 500 KHz? Specify your answer in polar coordinates." [Left "2490 ohms, /_51.5&deg;",Left "4000 ohms, /_38.5&deg;",Left "5112 ohms, /_-38.5&deg;",Right "2490 ohms, /_-51.5&deg;"]


id: 3-17B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-17B2" "In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 100-ohm resistor?" [Left "121 ohms, /_35&deg;",Right "141 ohms, /_45&deg;",Left "161 ohms, /_55&deg;",Left "181 ohms, /_65&deg;"]


id: 3-17B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-17B3" "In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 400-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 300-ohm resistor?" [Left "240 ohms, /_36.9&deg;",Left "240 ohms, /_-36.9&deg;",Right "500 ohms, /_-53.1&deg;",Left "500 ohms, /_53.1&deg;"]


id: 3-17B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-17B4" "In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network composed of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor, a 600-ohm-reactance inductor, and a 400-ohm resistor, all connected in series?" [Right "500 ohms, /_37&deg;",Left "400 ohms, /_27&deg;",Left "300 ohms, /_17&deg;",Left "200 ohms, /_10&deg;"]


id: 3-17B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-17B5" "In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance inductor in parallel with a 300-ohm resistor?" [Left "240 ohms, /_-36.9&deg;",Right "240 ohms, /_36.9&deg;",Left "500 ohms, /_53.1&deg;",Left "500 ohms, /_-53.1&deg;"]


id: 3-17B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-17B6" "Using the polar coordinate system, what visual representation would you get of a voltage in a sinewave circuit?" [Left "To show the reactance which is present.",Left "To graphically represent the AC and DC component.",Left "To display the data on an XY chart.",Right "The plot shows the magnitude and phase angle."]


id: 3-18B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-18B1" "What is the magnitude of the impedance of a series AC circuit having a resistance of 6 ohms, an inductive reactance of 17 ohms, and zero capacitive reactance?" [Left "6.6 ohms.",Left "11 ohms.",Right "18 ohms.",Left "23 ohms."]


id: 3-18B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-18B2" "A 1-watt, 10-volt Zener diode with the following characteristics:  Imin. = 5 mA; Imax. = 95 mA; and Z = 8 ohms, is to be used as part of a voltage regulator in a 20-V power supply. Approximately what size current-limiting resistor would be used to set its bias to the midpoint of its operating range?" [Left "100 ohms.",Right "200 ohms.",Left "1 kilohms.",Left "2 kilohms."]


id: 3-18B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-18B3" "Given a power supply with a no load voltage of 12 volts and a full load voltage of 10 volts, what is the percentage of voltage regulation?" [Left "17 %",Left "80 %",Right "20 %",Left "83 %"]


id: 3-18B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-18B4" "What turns ratio does a transformer need in order to match a source impedance of 500 ohms to a load of 10 ohms?" [Right "7.1 to 1.",Left "14.2 to 1.",Left "50 to 1.",Left "None of these."]


id: 3-18B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-18B5" "Given a power supply with a full load voltage of 200 volts and a regulation of 25%, what is the no load voltage?" [Left "150 volts.",Left "160 volts.",Left "240 volts.",Right "250 volts."]


id: 3-18B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "3-18B6" "What is the conductance (G) of a circuit if 6 amperes of current flows when 12 volts DC is applied?" [Left "0.25 Siemens (mhos).",Right "0.50 Siemens (mhos).",Left "1.00 Siemens (mhos).",Left "1.25 Siemens (mhos)."]


id: 3-19C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-19C1" "What happens to the conductivity of photoconductive material when light shines on it?" [Right "It increases.",Left "It decreases.",Left "It stays the same.",Left "It becomes temperature dependent."]


id: 3-19C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-19C2" "What is the photoconductive effect?" [Left "The conversion of photon energy to electromotive energy.",Right "The increased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction.",Left "The conversion of electromotive energy to photon energy.",Left "The decreased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction."]


id: 3-19C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-19C3" "What does the photoconductive effect in crystalline solids produce a noticeable change in?" [Left "The capacitance of the solid.",Left "The inductance of the solid.",Left "The specific gravity of the solid.",Right "The resistance of the solid."]


id: 3-19C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-19C4" "What is the description of an optoisolator?" [Right "An LED and a photosensitive device.",Left "A P-N junction that develops an excess positive charge when exposed to light.",Left "An LED and a capacitor.",Left "An LED and a lithium battery cell."]


id: 3-19C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-19C5" "What happens to the conductivity of a photosensitive semiconductor junction when it is illuminated?" [Left "The junction resistance is unchanged.",Right "The junction resistance decreases.",Left "The junction resistance becomes temperature dependent.",Left "The junction resistance increases"]


id: 3-19C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-19C6" "What is the description of an optocoupler?" [Left "A resistor and a capacitor.",Left "Two light sources modulated onto a mirrored surface.",Right "An LED and a photosensitive device.",Left "An amplitude modulated beam encoder."]


id: 3-20C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-20C1" "What factors determine the capacitance of a capacitor?" [Left "Voltage on the plates and distance between the plates.",Left "Voltage on the plates and the dielectric constant of the material between the plates.",Left "Amount of charge on the plates and the dielectric constant of the material between the plates.",Right "Distance between the plates and the dielectric constant of the material between the plates."]


id: 3-20C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-20C2" "In Figure 3C4, if a small variable capacitor were installed in place of the dashed line, it would?" [Left "Increase gain.",Left "Increase parasitic oscillations.",Right "Decrease parasitic oscillations.",Left "Decrease crosstalk."]


id: 3-20C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-20C3" "In Figure 3C4, which component (labeled 1 through 4) is used to provide a signal ground?" [Left "1",Right "2",Left "3",Left "4"]


id: 3-20C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-20C4" "In Figure 3C5, which capacitor (labeled 1 through 4) is being used as a bypass capacitor?" [Left "1",Left "2",Right "3",Left "4"]


id: 3-20C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-20C5" "In Figure 3C5, the 1 &micro;F capacitor is connected to a potentiometer that is used to:" [Left "Increase gain.",Left "Neutralize amplifier.",Left "Couple.",Right "Adjust tone."]


id: 3-20C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-20C6" "What is the purpose of a coupling capacitor?" [Right "It blocks direct current and passes alternating current.",Left "It blocks alternating current and passes direct current.",Left "It increases the resonant frequency of the circuit.",Left "It decreases the resonant frequency of the circuit."]


id: 3-21C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-21C1" "A capacitor is sometimes placed in series with the primary of a power transformer to:" [Right "Improve the power factor.",Left "Improve output voltage regulation.",Left "Rectify the primary windings.",Left "None of these."]


id: 3-21C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-21C2" "A transformer used to step up its input voltage must have:" [Left "More turns of wire on its primary than on its secondary.",Right "More turns of wire on its secondary than on its primary.",Left "Equal number of primary and secondary turns of wire.",Left "None of the above statements are correct."]


id: 3-21C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-21C3" "A transformer primary of 2250 turns connected to 120 VAC will develop what voltage across a 500-turn secondary?" [Right "26.7 volts.",Left "2300 volts.",Left "1500 volts.",Left "5.9 volts."]


id: 3-21C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-21C4" "What is the ratio of the output frequency to the input frequency of a single-phase full-wave rectifier?" [Left "1:1.",Left "1:2.",Right "2:1.",Left "None of these."]


id: 3-21C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-21C5" "A power transformer has a single primary winding and three secondary windings producing 5.0 volts, 12.6 volts, and 150 volts. Assuming similar wire sizes, which of the three secondary windings will have the highest measured DC resistance?" [Left "The 12.6 volt winding.",Right "The 150 volt winding.",Left "The 5.0 volt winding.",Left "All will have equal resistance values."]


id: 3-21C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-21C6" "A power transformer has a primary winding of 200 turns of #24 wire and a secondary winding consisting of 500 turns of the same size wire. When 20 volts are applied to the primary winding, the expected secondary voltage will be:" [Left "500 volts.",Left "25 volts.",Left "10 volts.",Right "50 volts."]


id: 3-22C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-22C1" "In a linear electronic voltage regulator:" [Left "The output is a ramp voltage.",Left "The pass transistor switches from the \"off\" state to the \"on\" state.",Left "The control device is switched on or off, with the duty cycle proportional to the line or load conditions.",Right "The conduction of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the line voltage or load current."]


id: 3-22C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-22C2" "A switching electronic voltage regulator:" [Left "Varies the conduction of a control element in direct proportion to the line voltage or load current.",Left "Provides more than one output voltage.",Right "Switches the control device on or off, with the duty cycle proportional to the line or load conditions.",Left "Gives a ramp voltage at its output."]


id: 3-22C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-22C3" "What device is usually used as a stable reference voltage in a linear voltage regulator?" [Right "Zener diode.",Left "Tunnel diode.",Left "SCR.",Left "Varactor diode."]


id: 3-22C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-22C4" "In a regulated power supply, what type of component will most likely be used to establish a reference voltage?" [Left "Tunnel Diode.",Left "Battery.",Left "Pass Transistor.",Right "Zener Diode."]


id: 3-22C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-22C5" "A three-terminal regulator:" [Left "Supplies three voltages with variable current.",Left "Supplies three voltages at a constant current.",Right "Contains a voltage reference, error amplifier, sensing resistors and transistors, and a pass element.",Left "Contains three error amplifiers and sensing transistors."]


id: 3-22C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-22C6" "What is the range of voltage ratings available in Zener diodes?" [Left "1.2 volts to 7 volts.",Right "2.4 volts to 200 volts and above.",Left "3 volts to 2000 volts.",Left "1.2 volts to 5.6 volts."]


id: 3-23C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-23C1" "How might two similar SCRs be connected to safely distribute the power load of a circuit?" [Left "In series.",Left "In parallel, same polarity.",Right "In parallel, reverse polarity.",Left "In a combination series and parallel configuration."]


id: 3-23C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-23C2" "What are the three terminals of an SCR?" [Right "Anode, cathode, and gate.",Left "Gate, source, and sink.",Left "Base, collector, and emitter.",Left "Gate, base 1, and base 2."]


id: 3-23C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-23C3" "Which of the following devices acts as two SCRs connected back to back, but facing in opposite directions and sharing a common gate?" [Left "JFET.",Left "Dual-gate MOSFET.",Left "DIAC.",Right "TRIAC."]


id: 3-23C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-23C4" "What is the transistor called that is fabricated as two complementary SCRs in parallel with a common gate terminal?" [Right "TRIAC.",Left "Bilateral SCR.",Left "Unijunction transistor.",Left "Field effect transistor."]


id: 3-23C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-23C5" "What are the three terminals of a TRIAC?" [Left "Emitter, base 1, and base 2.",Left "Base, emitter, and collector.",Left "Gate, source, and sink.",Right "Gate, anode 1, and anode 2."]


id: 3-23C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-23C6" "What circuit might contain a SCR?" [Left "Filament circuit of a tube radio receiver.",Right "A light-dimming circuit.",Left "Shunt across a transformer primary.",Left "Bypass capacitor circuit to ground."]


id: 3-24C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-24C1" "What is one common use for PIN diodes?" [Left "Constant current source.",Right "RF switch.",Left "Constant voltage source.",Left "RF rectifier."]


id: 3-24C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-24C2" "What is a common use of a hot-carrier diode?" [Left "Balanced inputs in SSB generation.",Left "Variable capacitance in an automatic frequency control circuit.",Left "Constant voltage reference in a power supply.",Right "VHF and UHF mixers and detectors."]


id: 3-24C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-24C3" "Structurally, what are the two main categories of semiconductor diodes?" [Right "Junction and point contact.",Left "Electrolytic and junction.",Left "Electrolytic and point contact.",Left "Vacuum and point contact."]


id: 3-24C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-24C4" "What special type of diode is capable of both amplification and oscillation?" [Left "Zener diodes.",Left "Point contact diodes.",Right "Tunnel diodes.",Left "Junction diodes."]


id: 3-24C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-24C5" "What type of semiconductor diode varies its internal capacitance as the voltage applied to its terminals varies?" [Left "Tunnel diode.",Right "Varactor diode.",Left "Silicon-controlled rectifier.",Left "Zener diode."]


id: 3-24C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-24C6" "What is the principal characteristic of a tunnel diode?" [Left "High forward resistance.",Left "Very high PIV (peak inverse voltage).",Right "Negative resistance region.",Left "High forward current rating."]


id: 3-25C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-25C1" "What is the meaning of the term \"alpha\" with regard to bipolar transistors?  The change of:" [Left "Collector current with respect to base current.",Left "Base current with respect to collector current.",Left "Collector current with respect to gate current.",Right "Collector current with respect to emitter current."]


id: 3-25C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-25C2" "What are the three terminals of a bipolar transistor?" [Left "Cathode, plate and grid.",Right "Base, collector and emitter.",Left "Gate, source and sink.",Left "Input, output and ground."]


id: 3-25C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-25C3" "What is the meaning of the term \"beta\" with regard to bipolar transistors?  The change of:" [Left "Base current with respect to emitter current.",Left "Collector current with respect to emitter current.",Right "Collector current with respect to base current.",Left "Base current with respect to gate current."]


id: 3-25C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-25C4" "What are the elements of a unijunction transistor?" [Right "Base 1, base 2, and emitter.",Left "Gate, cathode, and anode.",Left "Gate, base 1, and base 2.",Left "Gate, source, and sink."]


id: 3-25C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-25C5" "The beta cutoff frequency of a bipolar transistor is the frequency at which:" [Left "Base current gain has increased to 0.707 of maximum.",Right "Emitter current gain has decreased to 0.707 of maximum.",Left "Collector current gain has decreased to 0.707.",Left "Gate current gain has decreased to 0.707."]


id: 3-25C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-25C6" "What does it mean for a transistor to be fully saturated?" [Right "The collector current is at its maximum value.",Left "The collector current is at its minimum value.",Left "The transistor's Alpha is at its maximum value.",Left "The transistor's Beta is at its maximum value."]


id: 3-26C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-26C1" "A common base amplifier has:" [Left "More current gain than common emitter or common collector.",Right "More voltage gain than common emitter or common collector.",Left "More power gain than common emitter or common collector.",Left "Highest input impedance of the three amplifier configurations."]


id: 3-26C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-26C2" "What does it mean for a transistor to be cut off?" [Left "There is no base current.",Left "The transistor is at its Class A operating point.",Right "There is no current between emitter and collector.",Left "There is maximum current between emitter and collector."]


id: 3-26C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-26C3" "An emitter-follower amplifier has:" [Left "More voltage gain than common emitter or common base.",Left "More power gain than common emitter or common base.",Left "Lowest input impedance of the three amplifier configurations.",Right "More current gain than common emitter or common base."]


id: 3-26C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-26C4" "What conditions exists when a transistor is operating in saturation?" [Right "The base-emitter junction and collector-base junction are both forward biased.",Left "The base-emitter junction and collector-base junction are both reverse biased.",Left "The base-emitter junction is reverse biased and the collector-base junction is forward biased.",Left "The base-emitter junction is forward biased and the collector-base junction is reverse biased."]


id: 3-26C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-26C5" "For current to flow in an NPN silicon transistor's emitter-collector junction, the base must be:" [Left "At least 0.4 volts positive with respect to the emitter.",Left "At a negative voltage with respect to the emitter.",Right "At least 0.7 volts positive with respect to the emitter.",Left "At least 0.7 volts negative with respect to the emitter."]


id: 3-26C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-26C6" "When an NPN transistor is operating as a Class A amplifier, the base-emitter junction:" [Left "And collector-base junction are both forward biased.",Left "And collector-base junction are both reverse biased.",Left "Is reverse biased and the collector-base junction is forward biased.",Right "Is forward biased and the collector-base junction is reverse biased."]


id: 3-27C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-27C1" "What type of bias is required for an LED to produce luminescence?" [Left "Reverse bias.",Right "Forward bias.",Left "Logic 0 (Lo) bias.",Left "Logic 1 (Hi) bias."]


id: 3-27C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-27C2" "What determines the visible color radiated by an LED junction?" [Left "The color of a lens in an eyepiece.",Left "The amount of voltage across the device.",Left "The amount of current through the device.",Right "The materials used to construct the device."]


id: 3-27C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-27C3" "What is the normal operating current of a light-emitting diode?" [Right "20 mA.",Left "5 mA.",Left "10 mA.",Left "40 mA."]


id: 3-27C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-27C4" "What would be the maximum current to safely illuminate a LED?" [Left "1 amp.",Left "1 microamp.",Left "500 milliamps.",Right "20 mA."]


id: 3-27C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-27C5" "An LED facing a photodiode in a light-tight enclosure is commonly known as a/an:" [Right "Optoisolator.",Left "Seven segment LED.",Left "Optointerrupter.",Left "Infra-red (IR) detector."]


id: 3-27C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-27C6" "What circuit component must be connected in series to protect an LED?" [Left "Bypass capacitor to ground.",Left "Electrolytic capacitor.",Right "Series resistor.",Left "Shunt coil in series."]


id: 3-28C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-28C1" "What describes a diode junction that is forward biased?" [Left "It is a high impedance.",Left "It conducts very little current.",Right "It is a low impedance.",Left "It is an open circuit."]


id: 3-28C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-28C2" "Why are special precautions necessary in handling FET and CMOS devices?" [Left "They have fragile leads that may break off.",Right "They are susceptible to damage from static charges.",Left "They have micro-welded semiconductor junctions that are susceptible to breakage.",Left "They are light sensitive."]


id: 3-28C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-28C3" "What do the initials CMOS stand for?" [Left "Common mode oscillating system.",Left "Complementary mica-oxide silicon.",Right "Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor.",Left "Complementary metal-oxide substrate."]


id: 3-28C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-28C4" "What is the piezoelectric effect?" [Right "Mechanical vibration of a crystal by the application of a voltage.",Left "Mechanical deformation of a crystal by the application of a magnetic field.",Left "The generation of electrical energy by the application of light.",Left "Reversed conduction states when a P-N junction is exposed to light."]


id: 3-28C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-28C5" "An electrical relay is a:" [Left "Current limiting device.",Left "Device used for supplying 3 or more voltages to a circuit.",Left "Component used mainly with HF audio amplifiers.",Right "Remotely controlled switching device."]


id: 3-28C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "3-28C6" "In which oscillator circuit would you find a quartz crystal?" [Left "Hartley.",Right "Pierce",Left "Colpitts.",Left "All of the above."]


id: 3-29D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-29D1" "What is the approximate magnitude of the impedance of a parallel R-L-C circuit at resonance?" [Right "Approximately equal to the circuit resistance.",Left "Approximately equal to XL.",Left "Low, as compared to the circuit resistance.",Left "Approximately equal to XC."]


id: 3-29D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-29D2" "What is the approximate magnitude of the impedance of a series R-L-C circuit at resonance?" [Left "High, as compared to the circuit resistance.",Right "Approximately equal to the circuit resistance.",Left "Approximately equal to XL.",Left "Approximately equal to XC."]


id: 3-29D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-29D3" "How could voltage be greater across reactances in series than the applied voltage?" [Left "Resistance.",Left "Conductance.",Left "Capacitance.",Right "Resonance."]


id: 3-29D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-29D4" "What is the characteristic of the current flow in a series R-L-C circuit at resonance?" [Right "Maximum.",Left "Minimum.",Left "DC.",Left "Zero."]


id: 3-29D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-29D5" "What is the characteristic of the current flow within the parallel elements in a parallel R-L-C circuit at resonance?" [Left "Minimum.",Right "Maximum.",Left "DC.",Left "Zero."]


id: 3-29D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-29D6" "What is the relationship between current through a resonant circuit and the voltage across the circuit?" [Left "The current and voltage are 180 degrees out of phase.",Left "The current leads the voltage by 90 degrees.",Right "The voltage and current are in phase.",Left "The voltage leads the current by 90 degrees."]


id: 3-30D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-30D1" "What is the main advantage of using an op-amp audio filter over a passive LC audio filter?" [Left "Op-amps are largely immune to vibration and temperature change.",Left "Most LC filter manufacturers have retooled to make op-amp filters.",Left "Op-amps are readily available in a wide variety of operational voltages and frequency ranges.",Right "Op-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion loss."]


id: 3-30D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-30D2" "What are the characteristics of an inverting operational amplifier (op-amp) circuit?" [Left "It has input and output signals in phase.",Left "Input and output signals are 90 degrees out of phase.",Right "It has input and output signals 180 degrees out of phase.",Left "Input impedance is low while the output impedance is high."]


id: 3-30D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-30D3" "Gain of a closed-loop op-amp circuit is determined by?" [Left "The maximum operating frequency divided by the square root of the load impedance.",Right "The op-amp's external feedback network.",Left "Supply voltage and slew rate.",Left "The op-amp's internal feedback network."]


id: 3-30D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-30D4" "Where is the external feedback network connected to control the gain of a closed-loop op-amp circuit?" [Left "Between the differential inputs.",Left "From output to the non-inverting input.",Right "From output to the inverting input.",Left "Between the output and the differential inputs."]


id: 3-30D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-30D5" "Which of the following op-amp circuits is operated open-loop?" [Left "Non-inverting amp.",Left "Inverting amp.",Left "Active filter.",Right "Comparator."]


id: 3-30D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-30D6" "In the op-amp oscillator circuit shown in Figure 3D6, what would be the most noticeable effect if the capacitance of C were suddenly doubled?" [Right "Frequency would be lower.",Left "Frequency would be higher.",Left "There would be no change. The inputs are reversed, therefore the circuit can not function.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 3-31D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-31D1" "What frequency synthesizer circuit uses a phase comparator, look-up table, digital-to-analog converter, and a low-pass antialias filter?" [Right "A direct digital synthesizer.",Left "Phase-locked-loop synthesizer.",Left "A diode-switching matrix synthesizer.",Left "A hybrid synthesizer."]


id: 3-31D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-31D2" "A circuit that compares the output of a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to a frequency standard and produces an error voltage that is then used to adjust the capacitance of a varactor diode used to control frequency in that same VCO is called what?" [Left "Doubly balanced mixer.",Right "Phase-locked loop.",Left "Differential voltage amplifier.",Left "Variable frequency oscillator."]


id: 3-31D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-31D3" "RF input to a mixer is 200 MHz and the local oscillator frequency is 150 MHz. What output would you expect to see at the IF output prior to any filtering?" [Right "50, 150, 200 and 350 MHz.",Left "50 MHz.",Left "350 MHz.",Left "50 and 350 MHz."]


id: 3-31D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-31D4" "What spectral impurity components might be generated by a phase-locked-loop synthesizer?" [Left "Spurs at discrete frequencies.",Left "Random spurs which gradually drift up in frequency.",Right "Broadband noise.",Left "Digital conversion noise."]


id: 3-31D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-31D5" "In a direct digital synthesizer, what are the unwanted components on its output?" [Left "Broadband noise.",Right "Spurs at discrete frequencies.",Left "Digital conversion noise.",Left "Nyquist limit noise pulses."]


id: 3-31D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-31D6" "What is the definition of a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit?" [Left "A servo loop consisting of a ratio detector, reactance modulator, and voltage-controlled oscillator.",Left "A circuit also known as a monostable multivibrator.",Left "A circuit consisting of a precision push-pull amplifier with a differential input.",Right "A servo loop consisting of a phase detector, a low-pass filter and voltage-controlled oscillator."]


id: 3-32D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-32D1" "Given the combined DC input voltages, what would the output voltage be in the circuit shown in Figure 3D7?" [Left "150 mV",Left "5.5 V",Left "-15 mv",Right "-5.5 V"]


id: 3-32D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-32D2" "Which lamps would be lit in the circuit shown in Figure 3D8?" [Left "2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.",Left "5, 6, 8 and 9.",Right "2, 3, 4, 7 and 8.",Left "1, 3, 5, 7 and 8."]


id: 3-32D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-32D3" "What will occur if an amplifier input signal coupling capacitor fails open?" [Right "No amplification will occur, with DC within the circuit measuring normal.",Left "Improper biasing will occur within the amplifier stage.",Left "Oscillation and thermal runaway may occur.",Left "An AC hum will appear on the circuit output."]


id: 3-32D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-32D4" "In Figure 3D9, determine if there is a problem with this regulated power supply and identify the problem." [Left "R1 value is too low which would cause excessive base current and instantly destroy TR 1.",Left "D1 and D2 are reversed. The power supply simply would not function.",Left "TR1 is shown as an NPN and must be changed to a PNP.",Right "There is no problem with the circuit."]


id: 3-32D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-32D5" "In Figure 3D10 with a square wave input what would be the output?" [Left "1",Left "2",Right "3",Left "4"]


id: 3-32D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "3-32D6" "With a pure AC signal input to the circuit shown in Figure 3D11, what output wave form would you expect to see on an oscilloscope display?" [Left "1",Right "2",Left "3",Left "4"]


id: 3-33E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-33E1" "What is the voltage range considered to be valid logic low input in a TTL device operating at 5 volts?" [Left "2.0 to 5.5 volts.",Left "-2.0 to -5.5 volts.",Right "Zero to 0.8 volts.",Left "5.2 to 34.8 volts."]


id: 3-33E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-33E2" "What is the voltage range considered to be a valid logic high input in a TTL device operating at 5.0 volts?" [Right "2.0 to 5.5 volts.",Left "1.5 to 3.0 volts.",Left "1.0 to 1.5 volts.",Left "5.2 to 34.8 volts."]


id: 3-33E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-33E3" "What is the common power supply voltage for TTL series integrated circuits?" [Left "12 volts.",Left "13.6 volts.",Left "1 volt.",Right "5 volts."]


id: 3-33E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-33E4" "TTL inputs left open develop what logic state?" [Right "A high-logic state.",Left "A low-logic state.",Left "Open inputs on a TTL device are ignored.",Left "Random high- and low-logic states."]


id: 3-33E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-33E5" "Which of the following instruments would be best for checking a TTL logic circuit?" [Left "VOM.",Left "DMM.",Left "Continuity tester.",Right "Logic probe."]


id: 3-33E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-33E6" "What do the initials TTL stand for?" [Left "Resistor-transistor logic.",Right "Transistor-transistor logic.",Left "Diode-transistor logic.",Left "Emitter-coupled logic."]


id: 3-34E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-34E1" "What is a characteristic of an AND gate?" [Left "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output only if all inputs are logic \"1\".",Right "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output only if all inputs are logic \"1\".",Left "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output if only one input is a logic \"1\".",Left "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output if all inputs are logic \"0\"."]


id: 3-34E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-34E2" "What is a characteristic of a NAND gate?" [Left "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output only when all inputs are logic \"0\".",Left "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output only when all inputs are logic \"1\".",Left "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic \"1\".",Right "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output only when all inputs are logic \"1\"."]


id: 3-34E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-34E3" "What is a characteristic of an OR gate?" [Right "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output if any input is logic \"1\".",Left "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output if any input is logic \"1\".",Left "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output if all inputs are logic \"1\".",Left "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output if all inputs are logic \"0\"."]


id: 3-34E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-34E4" "What is a characteristic of a NOR gate?" [Left "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output only if all inputs are logic \"0\".",Left "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output only if all inputs are logic \"1\".",Right "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output if any or all inputs are logic \"1\".",Left "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic \"1\"."]


id: 3-34E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-34E5" "What is a characteristic of a NOT gate?" [Left "Does not allow data transmission when its input is high.",Right "Produces a logic \"0\" at its output when the input is logic \"1\" and vice versa.",Left "Allows data transmission only when its input is high.",Left "Produces a logic \"1\" at its output when the input is logic \"1\" and vice versa."]


id: 3-34E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-34E6" "Which of the following logic gates will provide an active high out when both inputs are active high?" [Left "NAND.",Left "NOR.",Right "AND.",Left "XOR."]


id: 3-35E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-35E1" "In a negative-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 0?" [Left "Low level.",Left "Positive-transition level.",Left "Negative-transition level.",Right "High level."]


id: 3-35E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-35E2" "For the logic input levels shown in Figure 3E12, what are the logic levels of test points A, B and C in this circuit? (Assume positive logic.)" [Left "A is high, B is low and C is low.",Right "A is low, B is high and C is high.",Left "A is high, B is high and C is low.",Left "A is low, B is high and C is low."]


id: 3-35E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-35E3" "For the logic input levels given in Figure 3E13, what are the logic levels of test points A, B and C in this circuit? (Assume positive logic.)" [Left "A is low, B is low and C is high.",Left "A is low, B is high and C is low.",Right "A is high, B is high and C is high.",Left "A is high, B is low and C is low."]


id: 3-35E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-35E4" "In a positive-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1?" [Right "High level",Left "Low level",Left "Positive-transition level",Left "Negative-transition level"]


id: 3-35E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-35E5" "Given the input levels shown in Figure 3E14 and assuming positive logic devices, what would the output be?" [Right "A is low, B is high and C is high. ",Left "A is high, B is high and C is low. ",Left "A is low, B is low and C is high.",Left "None of the above are correct."]


id: 3-35E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-35E6" "What is a truth table?" [Right "A list of input combinations and their corresponding outputs that characterizes a digital device's function.",Left "A table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an op-amp.",Left "A diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is true.",Left "A table of logic symbols that indicates the low logic states of an op-amp."]


id: 3-36E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-36E1" "A flip-flop circuit is a binary logic element with how many stable states?" [Left "1",Right "2",Left "4",Left "8"]


id: 3-36E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-36E2" "What is a flip-flop circuit?  A binary sequential logic element with ___stable states." [Left "1",Left "4",Right "2",Left "8"]


id: 3-36E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-36E3" "How many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 4?" [Left "1",Left "4",Left "8",Right "2"]


id: 3-36E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-36E4" "How many bits of information can be stored in a single flip-flop circuit?" [Right "1",Left "2",Left "3",Left "4"]


id: 3-36E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-36E5" "How many R-S flip-flops would be required to construct an 8 bit storage register?" [Left "2",Left "4",Right "8",Left "16"]


id: 3-36E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-36E6" "An R-S flip-flop is capable of doing all of the following except:" [Left "Accept data input into R-S inputs with CLK initiated.",Left "Accept data input into PRE and CLR inputs without CLK being initiated.",Left "Refuse to accept synchronous data if asynchronous data is being input at same time.",Right "Operate in toggle mode with R-S inputs held constant and CLK initiated."]


id: 3-37E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-37E1" "The frequency of an AC signal can be divided electronically by what type of digital circuit?" [Left "Free-running multivibrator.",Right "Bistable multivibrator.",Left "OR gate.",Left "Astable multivibrator."]


id: 3-37E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-37E2" "What is an astable multivibrator?" [Left "A circuit that alternates between two stable states.",Left "A circuit that alternates between a stable state and an unstable state.",Left "A circuit set to block either a 0 pulse or a 1 pulse and pass the other.",Right "A circuit that alternates between two unstable states."]


id: 3-37E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-37E3" "What is a monostable multivibrator?" [Right "A circuit that can be switched momentarily to the opposite binary state and then returns after a set time to its original state.",Left "A \"clock\" circuit that produces a continuous square wave oscillating between 1 and 0.",Left "A circuit designed to store one bit of data in either the 0 or the 1 configuration.",Left "A circuit that maintains a constant output voltage, regardless of variations in the input voltage."]


id: 3-37E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-37E4" "What is a bistable multivibrator circuit commonly named?" [Left "AND gate.",Left "OR gate.",Left "Clock.",Right "Flip-flop."]


id: 3-37E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-37E5" "What is a bistable multivibrator circuit?" [Right "Flip-flop.",Left "AND gate.",Left "OR gate.",Left "Clock."]


id: 3-37E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-37E6" "What wave form would appear on the voltage outputs at the collectors of an astable, multivibrator, common-emitter stage?" [Left "Sine wave.",Left "Sawtooth wave.",Right "Square wave.",Left "Half-wave pulses."]


id: 3-38E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-38E1" "What is the name of the semiconductor memory IC whose digital data can be written or read, and whose memory word address can be accessed randomly?" [Left "ROM - Read-Only Memory.",Left "PROM - Programmable Read-Only Memory.",Right "RAM - Random-Access Memory.",Left "EPROM - Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory."]


id: 3-38E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-38E2" "What is the name of the semiconductor IC that has a fixed pattern of digital data stored in its memory matrix?" [Left "RAM - Random-Access Memory.",Right "ROM - Read-Only Memory.",Left "Register.",Left "Latch."]


id: 3-38E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-38E3" "What does the term \"IO\" mean within a microprocessor system?" [Left "Integrated oscillator.",Left "Integer operation.",Right "Input-output.",Left "Internal operation."]


id: 3-38E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-38E4" "What is the name for a microprocessor's sequence of commands and instructions?" [Right "Program.",Left "Sequence.",Left "Data string.",Left "Data execution."]


id: 3-38E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-38E5" "How many individual memory cells would be contained in a memory IC that has 4 data bus input/output pins and 4 address pins for connection to the address bus?" [Left "8",Left "16",Left "32",Right "64"]


id: 3-38E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-38E6" "What is the name of the random-accessed semiconductor memory IC that must be refreshed periodically to maintain reliable data storage in its memory matrix?" [Left "ROM - Read-Only Memory.",Right "DRAM - Dynamic Random-Access Memory.",Left "PROM - Programmable Read-Only Memory.",Left "PRAM - Programmable Random-Access Memory."]


id: 3-39E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-39E1" "In a microprocessor-controlled two-way radio, a \"watchdog\" timer:" [Right "Verifies that the microprocessor is executing the program.",Left "Assures that the transmission is exactly on frequency.",Left "Prevents the transmitter from exceeding allowed power out.",Left "Connects to the system RADAR presentation."]


id: 3-39E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-39E2" "What does the term \"DAC\" refer to in a microprocessor circuit?" [Left "Dynamic access controller.",Right "Digital to analog converter.",Left "Digital access counter.",Left "Dial analog control."]


id: 3-39E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-39E3" "Which of the following is not part of a MCU processor?" [Left "RAM",Left "ROM",Left "I/O",Right "Voltage Regulator"]


id: 3-39E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-39E4" "What portion of a microprocessor circuit is the pulse generator?" [Right "Clock",Left "RAM",Left "ROM",Left "PLL"]


id: 3-39E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-39E5" "In a microprocessor, what is the meaning of the term \"ALU\"?" [Left "Automatic lock/unlock.",Right "Arithmetical logic unit.",Left "Auto latch undo.",Left "Answer local unit."]


id: 3-39E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-39E6" "What circuit interconnects the microprocessor with the memory and input/output system?" [Left "Control logic bus.",Left "PLL line.",Right "Data bus line.",Left "Directional coupler."]


id: 3-40E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-40E1" "What is the purpose of a prescaler circuit?" [Left "Converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flop.",Left "Multiplies an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency.",Left "Prevents oscillation in a low frequency counter circuit.",Right "Divides an HF signal so that a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency."]


id: 3-40E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-40E2" "What does the term \"BCD\" mean?" [Left "Binaural coded digit.",Left "Bit count decimal.",Right "Binary coded decimal.",Left "Broad course digit."]


id: 3-40E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-40E3" "What is the function of a decade counter digital IC?" [Left "Decode a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED display.",Right "Produce one output pulse for every ten input pulses.",Left "Produce ten output pulses for every input pulse.",Left "Add two decimal numbers."]


id: 3-40E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-40E4" "What integrated circuit device converts an analog signal to a digital signal?" [Left "DAC",Left "DCC",Right "ADC",Left "CDC"]


id: 3-40E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-40E5" "What integrated circuit device converts digital signals to analog signals?" [Left "ADC",Left "DCC",Left "CDC",Right "DAC"]


id: 3-40E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "3-40E6" "In binary numbers, how would you note the quantity TWO?" [Right "0010",Left "0002",Left "2000",Left "0020"]


id: 3-41F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-41F1" "What is the limiting condition for sensitivity in a communications receiver?" [Right "The noise floor of the receiver.",Left "The power supply output ripple.",Left "The two-tone intermodulation distortion.",Left "The input impedance to the detector."]


id: 3-41F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-41F2" "What is the definition of the term \"receiver desensitizing\"?" [Left "A burst of noise when the squelch is set too low.",Right "A reduction in receiver sensitivity because of a strong signal on a nearby frequency.",Left "A burst of noise when the squelch is set too high.",Left "A reduction in receiver sensitivity when the AF gain control is turned down."]


id: 3-41F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-41F3" "What is the term used to refer to a reduction in receiver sensitivity caused by unwanted high-level adjacent channel signals?" [Right "Desensitizing.",Left "Intermodulation distortion.",Left "Quieting.",Left "Overloading."]


id: 3-41F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-41F4" "What is meant by the term noise figure of a communications receiver?" [Left "The level of noise entering the receiver from the antenna.",Left "The relative strength of a received signal 3 kHz removed from the carrier frequency.",Right "The level of noise generated in the front end and succeeding stages of a receiver.",Left "The ability of a receiver to reject unwanted signals at frequencies close to the desired one."]


id: 3-41F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-41F5" "Which stage of a receiver primarily establishes its noise figure?" [Left "The audio stage.",Right "The RF stage.",Left "The IF strip.",Left "The local oscillator."]


id: 3-41F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-41F6" "What is the term for the ratio between the largest tolerable receiver input signal and the minimum discernible signal?" [Left "Intermodulation distortion.",Left "Noise floor.",Left "Noise figure.",Right "Dynamic range."]


id: 3-42F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-42F1" "How can selectivity be achieved in the front-end circuitry of a communications receiver?" [Left "By using an audio filter.",Left "By using an additional RF amplifier stage.",Left "By using an additional IF amplifier stage.",Right "By using a preselector."]


id: 3-42F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-42F2" "What is the primary purpose of an RF amplifier in a receiver?" [Left "To provide most of the receiver gain.",Left "To vary the receiver image rejection by utilizing the AGC.",Right "To improve the receiver's noise figure.",Left "To develop the AGC voltage."]


id: 3-42F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-42F3" "How much gain should be used in the RF amplifier stage of a receiver?" [Right "Sufficient gain to allow weak signals to overcome noise generated in the first mixer stage.",Left "As much gain as possible short of self oscillation.",Left "Sufficient gain to keep weak signals below the noise of the first mixer stage.",Left "It depends on the amplification factor of the first IF stage."]


id: 3-42F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-42F4" "Too much gain in a VHF receiver front end could result in this:" [Left "Local signals become weaker.",Left "Difficult to match receiver impedances.",Left "Dramatic increase in receiver current.",Right "Susceptibility of intermodulation interference from nearby transmitters."]


id: 3-42F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-42F5" "What is the advantage of a GaAsFET preamplifier in a modern VHF radio receiver?" [Left "Increased selectivity and flat gain.",Left "Low gain but high selectivity.",Right "High gain and low noise floor.",Left "High gain with high noise floor."]


id: 3-42F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-42F6" "In what stage of a VHF receiver would a low noise amplifier be most advantageous?" [Left "IF stage.",Right "Front end RF stage.",Left "Audio stage.",Left "Power supply."]


id: 3-43F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-43F1" "Why is the Colpitts oscillator circuit commonly used in a VFO (variable frequency oscillator)?" [Left "It can be phase locked.",Left "It can be remotely tuned.",Right "It is stable.",Left "It has little or no effect on the crystal's stability."]


id: 3-43F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-43F2" "What is the oscillator stage called in a frequency synthesizer?" [Right "VCO.",Left "Divider.",Left "Phase detector.",Left "Reference standard."]


id: 3-43F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-43F3" "What are three major oscillator circuits found in radio equipment?" [Left "Taft, Pierce, and negative feedback.",Left "Colpitts, Hartley, and Taft.",Left "Taft, Hartley, and Pierce.",Right "Colpitts, Hartley, and Pierce."]


id: 3-43F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-43F4" "Which type of oscillator circuit is commonly used in a VFO (variable frequency oscillator)?" [Right "Colpitts.",Left "Pierce.",Left "Hartley.",Left "Negative feedback."]


id: 3-43F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-43F5" "What condition must exist for a circuit to oscillate?  It must:" [Left "Have a gain of less than 1.",Left "Be neutralized.",Left "Have sufficient negative feedback.",Right "Have sufficient positive feedback."]


id: 3-43F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-43F6" "In Figure 3F15, which block diagram symbol (labeled 1 through 4) is used to represent a local oscillator?" [Left "1",Right "2",Left "3",Left "4"]


id: 3-44F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-44F1" "What is the image frequency if the normal channel is 151.000 MHz, the IF is operating at 11.000 MHz, and the LO is at 140.000 MHz?" [Left "131.000 MHz.",Right "129.000 MHz.",Left "162.000 MHz.",Left "150.000 MHz."]


id: 3-44F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-44F2" "What is the mixing process in a radio receiver?" [Left "The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase comparison.",Left "The elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase differentiation.",Left "Distortion caused by auroral propagation.",Right "The combination of two signals to produce sum and difference frequencies."]


id: 3-44F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-44F3" "In what radio stage is the image frequency normally rejected?" [Right "RF.",Left "IF.",Left "LO.",Left "Detector."]


id: 3-44F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-44F4" "What are the principal frequencies that appear at the output of a mixer circuit?" [Left "Two and four times the original frequency.",Left "The sum, difference and square root of the input frequencies.",Right "The original frequencies and the sum and difference frequencies.",Left "1.414 and 0.707 times the input frequency."]


id: 3-44F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-44F5" "If a receiver mixes a 13.8 MHz VFO with a 14.255 MHz receive signal to produce a 455 kHz intermediate frequency signal, what type of interference will a 13.345 MHz signal produce in the receiver?" [Left "Local oscillator interference.",Right "An image response.",Left "Mixer interference.",Left "Intermediate frequency interference."]


id: 3-44F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-44F6" "What might occur in a receiver if excessive amounts of signal energy overdrive the mixer circuit?" [Left "Automatic limiting occurs.",Left "Mixer blanking occurs.",Right "Spurious mixer products are generated.",Left "The mixer circuit becomes unstable and drifts."]


id: 3-45F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-45F1" "What degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of a wideband FM phone receiver?" [Left "1 kHz.",Left "2.4 kHz.",Left "4.2 kHz.",Right "15 kHz."]


id: 3-45F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-45F2" "Which one of these filters can be used in micro-miniature electronic circuits?" [Left "High power transmitter cavity.",Right "Receiver SAW IF filter.",Left "Floppy disk controller.",Left "Internet DSL to telephone line filter."]


id: 3-45F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-45F3" "A receiver selectivity of 2.4 KHz in the IF circuitry is optimum for what type of signals?" [Left "CW.",Left "Double-sideband AM voice.",Right "SSB voice.",Left "FSK RTTY."]


id: 3-45F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-45F4" "A receiver selectivity of 10 KHz in the IF circuitry is optimum for what type of signals?" [Right "Double-sideband AM.",Left "SSB voice.",Left "CW.",Left "FSK RTTY."]


id: 3-45F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-45F5" "What is an undesirable effect of using too wide a filter bandwidth in the IF section of a receiver?" [Left "Output-offset overshoot.",Right "Undesired signals will reach the audio stage.",Left "Thermal-noise distortion.",Left "Filter ringing."]


id: 3-45F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-45F6" "How should the filter bandwidth of a receiver IF section compare with the bandwidth of a received signal?" [Right "Slightly greater than the received-signal bandwidth.",Left "Approximately half the received-signal bandwidth.",Left "Approximately two times the received-signal bandwidth.",Left "Approximately four times the received-signal bandwidth."]


id: 3-46F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-46F1" "What is the primary purpose of the final IF amplifier stage in a receiver?" [Left "Dynamic response.",Right "Gain.",Left "Noise figure performance.",Left "Bypass undesired signals."]


id: 3-46F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-46F2" "What factors should be considered when selecting an intermediate frequency?" [Left "Cross-modulation distortion and interference.",Left "Interference to other services.",Right "Image rejection and selectivity.",Left "Noise figure and distortion."]


id: 3-46F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-46F3" "What is the primary purpose of the first IF amplifier stage in a receiver?" [Left "Noise figure performance.",Left "Tune out cross-modulation distortion.",Left "Dynamic response.",Right "Selectivity."]


id: 3-46F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-46F4" "What parameter must be selected when designing an audio filter using an op-amp?" [Right "Bandpass characteristics.",Left "Desired current gain.",Left "Temperature coefficient.",Left "Output-offset overshoot."]


id: 3-46F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-46F5" "What are the distinguishing features of a Chebyshev filter?" [Left "It has a maximally flat response over its passband.",Left "It only requires inductors.",Right "It allows ripple in the passband.",Left "A filter whose product of the series- and shunt-element impedances is a constant for all frequencies."]


id: 3-46F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-46F6" "When would it be more desirable to use an m-derived filter over a constant-k filter?" [Left "When the response must be maximally flat at one frequency.",Left "When the number of components must be minimized.",Left "When high power levels must be filtered.",Right "When you need more attenuation at a certain frequency that is too close to the cut-off frequency for a constant-k filter."]


id: 3-47F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-47F1" "A good crystal band-pass filter for a single-sideband phone would be?" [Left "5 KHz.",Right "2.1 KHz.",Left "500 Hz.",Left "15 KHz."]


id: 3-47F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-47F2" "Which statement is true regarding the filter output characteristics shown in Figure 3F16?" [Left "C is a low pass curve and B is a band pass curve.",Left "B is a high pass curve and D is a low pass curve.",Left "A is a high pass curve and B is a low pass curve.",Right "A is a low pass curve and D is a band stop curve."]


id: 3-47F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-47F3" "What are the three general groupings of filters?" [Right "High-pass, low-pass and band-pass.",Left "Inductive, capacitive and resistive.",Left "Audio, radio and capacitive.",Left "Hartley, Colpitts and Pierce."]


id: 3-47F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-47F4" "What is an m-derived filter?" [Left "A filter whose input impedance varies widely over the design bandwidth.",Left "A filter whose product of the series- and shunt-element impedances is a constant for all frequencies.",Left "A filter whose schematic shape is the letter \"M\".",Right "A filter that uses a trap to attenuate undesired frequencies too near cutoff for a constant-k filter."]


id: 3-47F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-47F5" "What is an advantage of a constant-k filter?" [Right "It has high attenuation of signals at frequencies far removed from the pass band.",Left "It can match impedances over a wide range of frequencies.",Left "It uses elliptic functions.",Left "The ratio of the cutoff frequency to the trap frequency can be varied."]


id: 3-47F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-47F6" "What are the distinguishing features of a Butterworth filter?" [Left "A filter whose product of the series- and shunt-element impedances is a constant for all frequencies.",Left "It only requires capacitors.",Right "It has a maximally flat response over its passband.",Left "It requires only inductors."]


id: 3-48F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-48F1" "What is a product detector?" [Left "It provides local oscillations for input to the mixer.",Left "It amplifies and narrows the band-pass frequencies.",Right "It uses a mixing process with a locally generated carrier.",Left "It is used to detect cross-modulation products."]


id: 3-48F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-48F2" "Which circuit is used to detect FM-phone signals?" [Left "Balanced modulator.",Right "Frequency discriminator.",Left "Product detector.",Left "Phase splitter."]


id: 3-48F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-48F3" "What is the process of detection in a radio diode detector circuit?" [Left "Breakdown of the Zener voltage.",Left "Mixing with noise in the transition region of the diode.",Right "Rectification and filtering of RF.",Left "The change of reactance in the diode with respect to frequency."]


id: 3-48F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-48F4" "What is a frequency discriminator in a radio receiver?" [Right "A circuit for detecting FM signals.",Left "A circuit for filtering two closely adjacent signals.",Left "An automatic band switching circuit.",Left "An FM generator."]


id: 3-48F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-48F5" "In a CTCSS controlled FM receiver, the CTCSS tone is filtered out after the:" [Left "IF stage but before the mixer.",Left "Mixer but before the IF.",Left "IF but before the discriminator.",Right "Discriminator but before the audio section."]


id: 3-48F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-48F6" "What is the definition of detection in a radio receiver?" [Left "The process of masking out the intelligence on a received carrier to make an S-meter operational.",Right "The recovery of intelligence from the modulated RF signal.",Left "The modulation of a carrier.",Left "The mixing of noise with the received signal."]


id: 3-49F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-49F1" "What is the digital signal processing term for noise subtraction circuitry?" [Right "Adaptive filtering and autocorrelation.",Left "Noise blanking.",Left "Noise limiting.",Left "Auto squelch noise reduction."]


id: 3-49F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-49F2" "What is the purpose of de-emphasis in the receiver audio stage?" [Left "When coupled with the transmitter pre-emphasis, flat audio is achieved.",Right "When coupled with the transmitter pre-emphasis, flat audio and noise reduction is received.",Left "No purpose is achieved.",Left "To conserve bandwidth by squelching no-audio periods in the transmission."]


id: 3-49F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-49F3" "What makes a Digital Coded Squelch work?" [Left "Noise.",Left "Tones.",Left "Absence of noise.",Right "Digital codes."]


id: 3-49F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-49F4" "What causes a squelch circuit to function?" [Right "Presence of noise.",Left "Absence of noise.",Left "Received tones.",Left "Received digital codes."]


id: 3-49F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-49F5" "What makes a CTCSS squelch work?" [Left "Noise.",Right "Tones.",Left "Absence of noise.",Left "Digital codes."]


id: 3-49F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-49F6" "What radio circuit samples analog signals, records and processes them as numbers, then converts them back to analog signals?" [Left "The pre-emphasis audio stage.",Left "The squelch gate circuit.",Right "The digital signal processing circuit.",Left "The voltage controlled oscillator circuit."]


id: 3-50F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-50F1" "Where would you normally find a low-pass filter in a radio receiver?" [Left "In the AVC circuit.",Left "In the Oscillator stage.",Left "In the Power Supply.",Right "A and C, but not B."]


id: 3-50F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-50F2" "How can ferrite beads be used to suppress ignition noise?  Install them:" [Left "In the resistive high voltage cable every 2 years.",Left "Between the starter solenoid and the starter motor.",Right "Install them in the primary and secondary ignition leads.",Left "In the antenna lead."]


id: 3-50F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-50F3" "What is the term used to refer to the condition where the signals from a very strong station are superimposed on other signals being received?" [Left "Intermodulation distortion.",Right "Cross-modulation interference.",Left "Receiver quieting.",Left "Capture effect."]


id: 3-50F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-50F4" "What is cross-modulation interference?" [Left "Interference between two transmitters of different modulation type.",Left "Interference caused by audio rectification in the receiver preamp.",Right "Modulation from an unwanted signal heard in addition to the desired signal.",Left "Harmonic distortion of the transmitted signal."]


id: 3-50F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-50F5" "In Figure 3F15 (EL3-D1) at what point in the circuit (labeled 1 through 4) could a DC voltmeter be used to monitor signal strength?" [Left "1",Left "2",Left "3",Right "4"]


id: 3-50F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "3-50F6" "Pulse type interference to automobile radio receivers that appears related to the speed of the engine can often be reduced by:" [Right "Installing resistances in series with spark plug wires.",Left "Using heavy conductors between the starting battery and the starting motor.",Left "Connecting resistances in series with the battery.",Left "Grounding the negative side of the battery."]


id: 3-51G1
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-51G1" "What class of amplifier is distinguished by the presence of output throughout the entire signal cycle and the input never goes into the cutoff region?" [Right "Class A.",Left "Class B.",Left "Class C.",Left "Class D."]


id: 3-51G2
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-51G2" "What is the distinguishing feature of a Class A amplifier?" [Left "Output for less than 180 degrees of the signal cycle.",Right "Output for the entire 360 degrees of the signal cycle.",Left "Output for more than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees of the signal cycle.",Left "Output for exactly 180 degrees of the input signal cycle."]


id: 3-51G3
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-51G3" "Which class of amplifier has the highest linearity and least distortion?" [Right "Class A.",Left "Class B.",Left "Class C.",Left "Class AB."]


id: 3-51G4
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-51G4" "Which class of amplifier provides the highest efficiency?" [Left "Class A.",Left "Class B.",Right "Class C.",Left "Class AB."]


id: 3-51G5
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-51G5" "What class of amplifier is distinguished by the bias being set well beyond cutoff?" [Left "Class A.",Right "Class C.",Left "Class B.",Left "Class AB."]


id: 3-51G6
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-51G6" "Which class of amplifier has an operating angle of more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees when driven by a sine wave signal?" [Left "Class A.",Left "Class B.",Left "Class C.",Right "Class AB."]


id: 3-52G1
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-52G1" "The class B amplifier output is present for what portion of the input cycle?" [Left "360 degrees.",Left "Greater than 180 degrees and less than 360 degrees.",Left "Less than 180 degrees.",Right "180 degrees."]


id: 3-52G2
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-52G2" "What input-amplitude parameter is most valuable in evaluating the signal-handling capability of a Class A amplifier?" [Left "Average voltage.",Left "RMS voltage.",Right "Peak voltage.",Left "Resting voltage."]


id: 3-52G3
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-52G3" "The class C amplifier output is present for what portion of the input cycle?" [Right "Less than 180 degrees.",Left "Exactly 180 degrees.",Left "360 degrees.",Left "More than 180 but less than 360 degrees."]


id: 3-52G4
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-52G4" "What is the approximate DC input power to a Class AB RF power amplifier stage in an unmodulated carrier transmitter when the PEP output power is 500 watts?" [Left "250 watts.",Left "600 watts.",Left "800 watts.",Right "1000 watts."]


id: 3-52G5
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-52G5" "The class AB amplifier output is present for what portion of the input cycle?" [Left "Exactly 180 degrees.",Left "360 degrees",Right "More than 180 but less than 360 degrees.",Left "Less than 180 degrees."]


id: 3-52G6
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-52G6" "What class of amplifier is characterized by conduction for 180 degrees of the input wave?" [Left "Class A.",Right "Class B.",Left "Class C.",Left "Class D."]


id: 3-53G1
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-53G1" "What is the modulation index in an FM phone signal having a maximum frequency deviation of 3,000 Hz on either side of the carrier frequency when the modulating frequency is 1,000 Hz?" [Left "0.3",Left "3,000",Right "3",Left "1,000"]


id: 3-53G2
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-53G2" "What is the modulation index of a FM phone transmitter producing a maximum carrier deviation of 6 kHz when modulated with a 2 kHz modulating frequency?" [Right "3",Left "6,000",Left "2,000",Left "1"]


id: 3-53G3
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-53G3" "What is the total bandwidth of a FM phone transmission having a 5 kHz deviation and a 3 kHz modulating frequency?" [Left "3 kHz.",Left "8 kHz.",Left "5 kHz.",Right "16 kHz."]


id: 3-53G4
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-53G4" "How does the modulation index of a phase-modulated emission vary with RF carrier frequency?" [Right "It does not depend on the RF carrier frequency.",Left "Modulation index increases as the RF carrier frequency increases.",Left "It varies with the square root of the RF carrier frequency.",Left "It decreases as the RF carrier frequency increases."]


id: 3-53G5
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-53G5" "How can a single-sideband phone signal be generated?" [Left "By driving a product detector with a DSB signal.",Left "By using a reactance modulator followed by a mixer.",Left "By using a loop modulator followed by a mixer.",Right "By using a balanced modulator followed by a filter."]


id: 3-53G6
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-53G6" "What is a balanced modulator?" [Left "An FM modulator that produces a balanced deviation.",Right "A modulator that produces a double sideband, suppressed carrier signal.",Left "A modulator that produces a single sideband, suppressed carrier signal.",Left "A modulator that produces a full carrier signal."]


id: 3-54G1
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-54G1" "What is an L-network?" [Left "A low power Wi-Fi RF network connection.",Right "A network consisting of an inductor and a capacitor.",Left "A \"lossy\" network.",Left "A network formed by joining two low pass filters."]


id: 3-54G2
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-54G2" "What is a pi-network?" [Left "A network consisting of a capacitor, resistor and inductor.",Left "The Phase inversion stage.",Left "An enhanced token ring network.",Right "A network consisting of one inductor and two capacitors or two inductors and one capacitor."]


id: 3-54G3
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-54G3" "What is the resonant frequency in an electrical circuit?" [Right "The frequency at which capacitive reactance equals inductive reactance.",Left "The highest frequency that will pass current.",Left "The lowest frequency that will pass current.",Left "The frequency at which power factor is at a minimum."]


id: 3-54G4
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-54G4" "Which three network types are commonly used to match an amplifying device to a transmission line?" [Left "Pi-C network, pi network and T network.",Left "T network, M network and Z network.",Right "L network, pi network and pi-L network.",Left "L network, pi network and C network."]


id: 3-54G5
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-54G5" "What is a pi-L network?" [Left "A Phase Inverter Load network.",Right "A network consisting of two inductors and two capacitors.",Left "A network with only three discrete parts.",Left "A matching network in which all components are isolated from ground."]


id: 3-54G6
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-54G6" "Which network provides the greatest harmonic suppression?" [Left "L network.",Left "Pi network.",Right "Pi-L network.",Left "Inverse L network."]


id: 3-55G1
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-55G1" "What will occur when a non-linear amplifier is used with a single-sideband phone transmitter?" [Left "Reduced amplifier efficiency.",Left "Increased intelligibility.",Left "Sideband inversion.",Right "Distortion."]


id: 3-55G2
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-55G2" "To produce a single-sideband suppressed carrier transmission it is necessary to ____ the carrier and to ____ the unwanted sideband." [Left "Filter, filter.",Right "Cancel, filter.",Left "Filter, cancel.",Left "Cancel, cancel."]


id: 3-55G3
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-55G3" "In a single-sideband phone signal, what determines the PEP-to-average power ratio?" [Left "The frequency of the modulating signal.",Left "The degree of carrier suppression.",Right "The speech characteristics.",Left "The amplifier power."]


id: 3-55G4
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-55G4" "What is the approximate ratio of peak envelope power to average power during normal voice modulation peak in a single-sideband phone signal?" [Right "2.5 to 1.",Left "1 to 1.",Left "25 to 1.",Left "100 to 1."]


id: 3-55G5
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-55G5" "What is the output peak envelope power from a transmitter as measured on an oscilloscope showing 200 volts peak-to-peak across a 50-ohm load resistor?" [Left "1,000 watts.",Right "100 watts.",Left "200 watts.",Left "400 watts."]


id: 3-55G6
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-55G6" "What would be the voltage across a 50-ohm dummy load dissipating 1,200 watts?" [Right "245 volts.",Left "692 volts.",Left "346 volts.",Left "173 volts."]


id: 3-56G1
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-56G1" "How can intermodulation interference between two transmitters in close proximity often be reduced or eliminated?" [Left "By using a Class C final amplifier with high driving power.",Right "By installing a terminated circulator or ferrite isolator in the feed line to the transmitter and duplexer.",Left "By installing a band-pass filter in the antenna feed line.",Left "By installing a low-pass filter in the antenna feed line."]


id: 3-56G2
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-56G2" "How can parasitic oscillations be eliminated in a power amplifier?" [Left "By tuning for maximum SWR.",Left "By tuning for maximum power output.",Right "By neutralization.",Left "By tuning the output."]


id: 3-56G3
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-56G3" "What is the name of the condition that occurs when the signals of two transmitters in close proximity mix together in one or both of their final amplifiers, and unwanted signals at the sum and difference frequencies of the original transmissions are generated?" [Left "Amplifier desensitization.",Left "Neutralization.",Left "Adjacent channel interference.",Right "Intermodulation interference."]


id: 3-56G4
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-56G4" "What term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the RF carrier varies according to some pre-determined sequence?" [Right "Spread-spectrum communication.",Left "AMTOR.",Left "SITOR.",Left "Time-domain frequency modulation."]


id: 3-56G5
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-56G5" "How can even-order harmonics be reduced or prevented in transmitter amplifier design?" [Left "By using a push-push amplifier.",Left "By operating class C.",Right "By using a push-pull amplifier.",Left "By operating class AB."]


id: 3-56G6
subelement: G
probdata:
Problem "3-56G6" "What is the modulation type that can be a frequency hopping of one carrier or multiple simultaneous carriers?" [Left "SSB.",Left "FM.",Left "OFSK.",Right "Spread spectrum."]


id: 3-57H1
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-57H1" "The deviation ratio is the:" [Left "Audio modulating frequency to the center carrier frequency.",Right "Maximum carrier frequency deviation to the highest audio modulating frequency.",Left "Carrier center frequency to the audio modulating frequency.",Left "Highest audio modulating frequency to the average audio modulating frequency."]


id: 3-57H2
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-57H2" "What is the deviation ratio for an FM phone signal having a maximum frequency deviation of plus or minus 5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation rate of 3 kHz?" [Left "60",Left "0.16",Left "0.6",Right "1.66"]


id: 3-57H3
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-57H3" "What is the deviation ratio of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus or minus 7.5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation rate of 3.5 kHz?" [Right "2.14",Left "0.214",Left "0.47",Left "47"]


id: 3-57H4
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-57H4" "How can an FM-phone signal be produced in a transmitter?" [Left "By modulating the supply voltage to a class-B amplifier.",Left "By modulating the supply voltage to a class-C amplifier.",Left "By using a balanced modulator.",Right "By feeding the audio directly to the oscillator."]


id: 3-57H5
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-57H5" "What is meant by the term modulation index?" [Right "The ratio between the deviation of a frequency modulated signal and the modulating frequency.",Left "The processor index.",Left "The FM signal-to-noise ratio.",Left "The ratio of the maximum carrier frequency deviation to the highest audio modulating frequency."]


id: 3-57H6
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-57H6" "In an FM-phone signal, what is the term for the maximum deviation from the carrier frequency divided by the maximum audio modulating frequency?" [Left "Deviation index.",Left "Modulation index.",Right "Deviation ratio.",Left "Modulation ratio."]


id: 3-58H1
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-58H1" "In Figure 3H17, the block labeled 4 would indicate that this schematic is most likely a/an:" [Left "Audio amplifier.",Left "Shipboard RADAR.",Right "SSB radio transmitter.",Left "Wireless LAN (local area network) computer."]


id: 3-58H2
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-58H2" "In Figure 3H17, which block diagram symbol (labeled 1 through 4) represents where audio intelligence is inserted?" [Left "1",Right "2",Left "3",Left "4"]


id: 3-58H3
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-58H3" "What kind of input signal could be used to test the amplitude linearity of a single-sideband phone transmitter while viewing the output on an oscilloscope?" [Left "Whistling in the microphone.",Left "An audio frequency sine wave.",Right "A two-tone audio-frequency sine wave.",Left "An audio frequency square wave."]


id: 3-58H4
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-58H4" "What does a two-tone test illustrate on an oscilloscope?" [Right "Linearity of a SSB transmitter.",Left "Frequency of the carrier phase shift.",Left "Percentage of frequency modulation.",Left "Sideband suppression."]


id: 3-58H5
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-58H5" "How can a double-sideband phone signal be produced?" [Left "By using a reactance modulator.",Left "By varying the voltage to the varactor in an oscillator circuit.",Left "By using a phase detector, oscillator, and filter in a feedback loop.",Right "By modulating the supply voltage to a class C amplifier."]


id: 3-58H6
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-58H6" "What type of signals are used to conduct an SSB two-tone test?" [Left "Two audio signals of the same frequency, but shifted 90 degrees in phase.",Right "Two non-harmonically related audio signals that are within the modulation band pass of the transmitter.",Left "Two different audio frequency square wave signals of equal amplitude.",Left "Any two audio frequencies as long as they are harmonically related."]


id: 3-59H1
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-59H1" "What is an important factor in pulse-code modulation using time-division multiplex?" [Right "Synchronization of transmit and receive clock pulse rates.",Left "Frequency separation.",Left "Overmodulation and undermodulation.",Left "Slight variations in power supply voltage."]


id: 3-59H2
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-59H2" "In a pulse-width modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary?" [Left "Pulse frequency.",Right "Pulse duration.",Left "Pulse amplitude.",Left "Pulse intensity."]


id: 3-59H3
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-59H3" "What is the name of the type of modulation in which the modulating signal varies the duration of the transmitted pulse?" [Left "Amplitude modulation.",Left "Frequency modulation.",Left "Pulse-height modulation.",Right "Pulse-width modulation."]


id: 3-59H4
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-59H4" "Which of the following best describes a pulse modulation system?" [Right "The peak transmitter power is normally much greater than the average power.",Left "Pulse modulation is sometimes used in SSB voice transmitters.",Left "The average power is normally only slightly below the peak power.",Left "The peak power is normally twice as high as the average power."]


id: 3-59H5
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-59H5" "In a pulse-position modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary?" [Left "The number of pulses per second.",Right "The time at which each pulse occurs.",Left "Both the frequency and amplitude of the pulses.",Left "The duration of the pulses."]


id: 3-59H6
subelement: H
probdata:
Problem "3-59H6" "What is one way that voice is transmitted in a pulse-width modulation system?" [Left "A standard pulse is varied in amplitude by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant.",Left "The position of a standard pulse is varied by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant.",Right "A standard pulse is varied in duration by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instant.",Left "The number of standard pulses per second varies depending on the voice waveform at that instant."]


id: 3-60I1
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-60I1" "When a lead-acid storage battery is being charged, a harmful effect to humans is:" [Left "Internal plate sulfation may occur under constant charging.",Left "Emission of oxygen.",Left "Emission of chlorine gas.",Right "Emission of hydrogen gas."]


id: 3-60I2
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-60I2" "A battery with a terminal voltage of 12.5 volts is to be trickle-charged at a 0.5 A rate. What resistance should be connected in series with the battery to charge it from a 110-V DC line?" [Left "95 ohms.",Left "300 ohms.",Right "195 ohms.",Left "None of these."]


id: 3-60I3
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-60I3" "What capacity in amperes does a storage battery need to be in order to operate a 50 watt transmitter for 6 hours? Assume a continuous transmitter load of 70% of the key-locked demand of 40 A, and an emergency light load of 1.5 A." [Left "100 ampere-hours.",Right "177 ampere-hours.",Left "249 ampere-hours.",Left "None of these."]


id: 3-60I4
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-60I4" "What is the total voltage when 12 Nickel-Cadmium batteries are connected in series?" [Left "12 volts.",Left "12.6 volts.",Right "15 volts.",Left "72 volts."]


id: 3-60I5
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-60I5" "The average fully-charged voltage of a lead-acid storage cell is:" [Left "1 volt.",Left "1.2 volts.",Left "1.56 volts.",Right "2.06 volts."]


id: 3-60I6
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-60I6" "A nickel-cadmium cell has an operating voltage of about:" [Right "1.25 volts.",Left "1.4 volts.",Left "1.5 volts.",Left "2.1 volts."]


id: 3-61I1
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-61I1" "When an emergency transmitter uses 325 watts and a receiver uses 50 watts, how many hours can a 12.6 volt, 55 ampere-hour battery supply full power to both units?" [Right "1.8 hours.",Left "6 hours.",Left "3 hours.",Left "1.2 hours."]


id: 3-61I2
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-61I2" "What current will flow in a 6 volt storage battery with an internal resistance of 0.01 ohms, when a 3-watt, 6-volt lamp is connected?" [Left "0.4885 amps.",Right "0.4995 amps.",Left "0.5566 amps.",Left "0.5795 amps."]


id: 3-61I3
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-61I3" "A ship RADAR unit uses 315 watts and a radio uses 50 watts.  If the equipment is connected to a 50 ampere-hour battery rated at 12.6 volts, how long will the battery last?" [Right "1 hour 43 minutes.",Left "28.97 hours.",Left "29 minutes.",Left "10 hours, 50 minutes."]


id: 3-61I4
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-61I4" "If a marine radiotelephone receiver uses 75 watts of power and a transmitter uses 325 watts, how long can they both operate before discharging a 50 ampere-hour 12 volt battery?" [Left "40 minutes.",Left "1 hour.",Right "1 1/2 hours.",Left "6 hours."]


id: 3-61I5
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-61I5" "A 6 volt battery with 1.2 ohms internal resistance is connected across two light bulbs in parallel whose resistance is 12 ohms each.  What is the current flow?" [Left "0.57 amps.",Right "0.83 amps.",Left "1.0 amps.",Left "6.0 amps."]


id: 3-61I6
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-61I6" "A 12.6 volt, 8 ampere-hour battery is supplying power to a receiver that uses 50 watts and a RADAR system that uses 300 watts.  How long will the battery last?" [Left "100.8 hours.",Left "27.7 hours.",Left "1 hour.",Right "17 minutes or 0.3 hours."]


id: 3-62I1
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-62I1" "What occurs if the load is removed from an operating series DC motor?" [Left "It will stop running.",Left "Speed will increase slightly.",Left "No change occurs.",Right "It will accelerate until it falls apart."]


id: 3-62I2
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-62I2" "If a shunt motor running with a load has its shunt field opened, how would this affect the speed of the motor?" [Left "It will slow down.",Left "It will stop suddenly.",Right "It will speed up.",Left "It will be unaffected."]


id: 3-62I3
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-62I3" "The expression \"voltage regulation\" as it applies to a shunt-wound DC generator operating at a constant frequency refers to:" [Right "Voltage fluctuations from load to no-load.",Left "Voltage output efficiency.",Left "Voltage in the secondary compared to the primary.",Left "Rotor winding voltage ratio"]


id: 3-62I4
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-62I4" "What is the line current of a 7 horsepower motor operating on 120 volts at full load, a power factor of 0.8, and 95% efficient?" [Left "4.72 amps.",Left "13.03 amps.",Left "56 amps.",Right "57.2 amps."]


id: 3-62I5
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-62I5" "A 3 horsepower, 100 V DC motor is 85% efficient when developing its rated output. What is the current?" [Left "8.545 amps.",Left "20.345 amps.",Right "26.300 amps.",Left "25.000 amps."]


id: 3-62I6
subelement: I
probdata:
Problem "3-62I6" "The output of a separately-excited AC generator running at a constant speed can be controlled by:" [Left "The armature.",Right "The amount of field current.",Left "The brushes.",Left "The exciter."]


id: 3-63J1
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-63J1" "Which of the following could cause a high standing wave ratio on a transmission line?" [Left "Excessive modulation.",Left "An increase in output power.",Right "A detuned antenna coupler.",Left "Low power from the transmitter."]


id: 3-63J2
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-63J2" "Why is the value of the radiation resistance of an antenna important?" [Right "Knowing the radiation resistance makes it possible to match impedances for maximum power transfer.",Left "Knowing the radiation resistance makes it possible to measure the near-field radiation density from transmitting antenna.",Left "The value of the radiation resistance represents the front-to-side ratio of the antenna.",Left "The value of the radiation resistance represents the front-to-back ratio of the antenna."]


id: 3-63J3
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-63J3" "A radio frequency device that allows RF energy to pass through in one direction with very little loss but absorbs RF power in the opposite direction is a:" [Left "Circulator.",Left "Wave trap.",Left "Multiplexer.",Right "Isolator."]


id: 3-63J4
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-63J4" "What is an advantage of using a trap antenna?" [Right "It may be used for multiband operation.",Left "It has high directivity in the high-frequency bands.",Left "It has high gain.",Left "It minimizes harmonic radiation."]


id: 3-63J5
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-63J5" "What is meant by the term radiation resistance of an antenna?" [Left "Losses in the antenna elements and feed line.",Left "The specific impedance of the antenna.",Left "The resistance in the trap coils to received signals.",Right "An equivalent resistance that would dissipate the same amount of power as that radiated from an antenna."]


id: 3-63J6
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-63J6" "What is meant by the term antenna bandwidth?" [Left "Antenna length divided by the number of elements.",Right "The frequency range over which an antenna can be expected to perform well.",Left "The angle between the half-power radiation points.",Left "The angle formed between two imaginary lines drawn through the ends of the elements."]


id: 3-64J1
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-64J1" "What is the current flowing through a 52 ohm line with an input of 1,872 watts?" [Left "0.06 amps.",Right "6 amps.",Left "28.7 amps.",Left "144 amps."]


id: 3-64J2
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-64J2" "The voltage produced in a receiving antenna is:" [Left "Out of phase with the current if connected properly.",Left "Out of phase with the current if cut to 1/3 wavelength.",Left "Variable depending on the station's SWR.",Right "Always proportional to the received field strength."]


id: 3-64J3
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-64J3" "Which of the following represents the best standing wave ratio (SWR)?" [Right "1:1.",Left "1:1.5.",Left "1:3.",Left "1:4."]


id: 3-64J4
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-64J4" "At the ends of a half-wave antenna, what values of current and voltage exist compared to the remainder of the antenna?" [Left "Equal voltage and current.",Left "Minimum voltage and maximum current.",Right "Maximum voltage and minimum current.",Left "Minimum voltage and minimum current."]


id: 3-64J5
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-64J5" "An antenna radiates a primary signal of 500 watts output.  If there is a 2nd harmonic output of 0.5 watt, what attenuation of the 2nd harmonic has occurred?" [Left "10 dB.",Right "30 dB.",Left "40 dB.",Left "50 dB."]


id: 3-64J6
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-64J6" "There is an improper impedance match between a 30 watt transmitter and the antenna, with 5 watts reflected. How much power is actually radiated?" [Left "35 watts.",Left "30 watts.",Right "25 watts.",Left "20 watts."]


id: 3-65J1
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-65J1" "A vertical 1/4 wave antenna receives signals:" [Left "In the microwave band.",Left "In one vertical direction.",Left "In one horizontal direction.",Right "Equally from all horizontal directions."]


id: 3-65J2
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-65J2" "The resonant frequency of a Hertz antenna can be lowered by:" [Left "Lowering the frequency of the transmitter.",Right "Placing an inductance in series with the antenna.",Left "Placing a condenser in series with the antenna.",Left "Placing a resistor in series with the antenna."]


id: 3-65J3
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-65J3" "An excited 1/2 wavelength antenna produces:" [Left "Residual fields.",Left "An electro-magnetic field only.",Right "Both electro-magnetic and electro-static fields.",Left "An electro-flux field sometimes."]


id: 3-65J4
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-65J4" "To increase the resonant frequency of a 1/4 wavelength antenna:" [Right "Add a capacitor in series.",Left "Lower capacitor value.",Left "Cut antenna.",Left "Add an inductor."]


id: 3-65J5
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-65J5" "What happens to the bandwidth of an antenna as it is shortened through the use of loading coils?" [Left "It is increased.",Right "It is decreased.",Left "No change occurs.",Left "It becomes flat."]


id: 3-65J6
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-65J6" "To lengthen an antenna electrically, add a:" [Right "Coil.",Left "Resistor.",Left "Battery.",Left "Conduit."]


id: 3-66J1
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-66J1" "What is the meaning of the term velocity factor of a transmission line?" [Left "The ratio of the characteristic impedance of the line to the terminating impedance.",Right "The velocity of the wave on the transmission line divided by the velocity of light in a vacuum.",Left "The velocity of the wave on the transmission line multiplied by the velocity of light in a vacuum.",Left "The index of shielding for coaxial cable."]


id: 3-66J2
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-66J2" "What determines the velocity factor in a transmission line?" [Left "The termination impedance.",Left "The line length.",Right "Dielectrics in the line.",Left "The center conductor resistivity."]


id: 3-66J3
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-66J3" "Nitrogen is placed in transmission lines to:" [Left "Improve the \"skin-effect\" of microwaves.",Left "Reduce arcing in the line.",Left "Reduce the standing wave ratio of the line.",Right "Prevent moisture from entering the line."]


id: 3-66J4
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-66J4" "A perfect (no loss) coaxial cable has 7 dB of reflected power when the input is 5 watts. What is the output of the transmission line?" [Right "1 watt.",Left "1.25 watts.",Left "2.5 watts.",Left "5 watts."]


id: 3-66J5
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-66J5" "Referred to the fundamental frequency, a shorted stub line attached to the transmission line to absorb even harmonics could have a wavelength of:" [Left "1.41 wavelength.",Left "1/2 wavelength.",Right "1/4 wavelength.",Left "1/6 wavelength."]


id: 3-66J6
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-66J6" "If a transmission line has a power loss of 6 dB per 100 feet, what is the power at the feed point to the antenna at the end of a 200 foot transmission line fed by a 100 watt transmitter?" [Left "70 watts.",Left "50 watts.",Left "25 watts.",Right "6 watts."]


id: 3-67J1
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-67J1" "What is the effective radiated power of a repeater with 50 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 6 dB antenna gain?" [Left "158 watts.",Right "39.7 watts.",Left "251 watts.",Left "69.9 watts."]


id: 3-67J2
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-67J2" "What is the effective radiated power of a repeater with 75 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 10 dB antenna gain?" [Left "600 watts.",Left "75 watts.",Left "18.75 watts.",Right "150 watts."]


id: 3-67J3
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-67J3" "What is the effective radiated power of a repeater with 75 watts transmitter power output, 5 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 6 dB antenna gain?" [Right "37.6 watts.",Left "237 watts.",Left "150 watts.",Left "23.7 watts."]


id: 3-67J4
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-67J4" "What is the effective radiated power of a repeater with 100 watts transmitter power output, 4 dB feedline loss, 3 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 7 dB antenna gain?" [Left "631 watts.",Left "400 watts.",Left "25 watts.",Right "100 watts."]


id: 3-67J5
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-67J5" "What is the effective radiated power of a repeater with 100 watts transmitter power output, 5 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 10 dB antenna gain?" [Right "126 watts.",Left "800 watts.",Left "12.5 watts.",Left "1260 watts."]


id: 3-67J6
subelement: J
probdata:
Problem "3-67J6" "What is the effective radiated power of a repeater with 50 watts transmitter power output, 5 dB feedline loss, 4 dB duplexer and circulator loss, and 7 dB antenna gain?" [Left "300 watts.",Left "315 watts.",Right "31.5 watts.",Left "69.9 watts."]


id: 3-68K1
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-68K1" "What is the frequency range of the Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) used to indicate an aircraft's slant range distance to a selected ground-based navigation station?" [Left "108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz.",Left "108.10 MHz to 111.95 MHz.",Right "962 MHz to 1213 MHz.",Left "329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz."]


id: 3-68K2
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-68K2" "The Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) measures the distance from the aircraft to the DME ground station. This is referred to as:" [Left "DME bearing.",Right "The slant range.",Left "Glide Slope angle of approach.",Left "Localizer course width."]


id: 3-68K3
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-68K3" "The Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) ground station has a built-in delay between reception of an interrogation and transmission of the reply to allow:" [Left "Someone to answer the call.",Left "The VOR to make a mechanical hook-up.",Right "Operation at close range.",Left "Clear other traffic for a reply."]


id: 3-68K4
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-68K4" "What is the main underlying operating principle of an aircraft's Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)?" [Right "A measurable amount of time is required to send and receive a radio signal through the Earth's atmosphere.",Left "The difference between the peak values of two DC voltages may be used to determine an aircraft's distance to another aircraft.",Left "A measurable frequency compression of an AC signal may be used to determine an aircraft's altitude above the earth.",Left "A phase inversion between two AC voltages may be used to determine an aircraft's distance to the exit ramp of an airport's runway."]


id: 3-68K5
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-68K5" "What radio navigation aid determines the distance from an aircraft to a selected VORTAC station by measuring the length of time the radio signal takes to travel to and from the station?" [Left "RADAR.",Left "Loran C.",Left "Distance Marking (DM).",Right "Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)."]


id: 3-68K6
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-68K6" "The majority of airborne Distance Measuring Equipment systems automatically tune their transmitter and receiver frequencies to the paired __ / __ channel." [Left "VOR/marker beacon.",Right "VOR/LOC.",Left "Marker beacon/glideslope.",Left "LOC/glideslope."]


id: 3-69K1
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-69K1" "All directions associated with a VOR station are related to:" [Right "Magnetic north.",Left "North pole.",Left "North star.",Left "None of these."]


id: 3-69K2
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-69K2" "The rate that the transmitted VOR variable signal rotates is equivalent to how many revolutions per second?" [Left "60",Right "30",Left "2400",Left "1800"]


id: 3-69K3
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-69K3" "What is the frequency range of the ground-based Very-high-frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR) stations used for aircraft navigation?" [Left "108.00 kHz to 117.95 kHz.",Left "329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz.",Left "329.15 kHz to 335.00 kHz.",Right "108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz."]


id: 3-69K4
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-69K4" "Lines drawn from the VOR station in a particular magnetic direction are:" [Right "Radials.",Left "Quadrants.",Left "Bearings.",Left "Headings."]


id: 3-69K5
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-69K5" "The amplitude modulated variable phase signal and the frequency modulated reference phase signal of a Very-high-frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR) station used for aircraft navigation are synchronized so that both signals are in phase with each other at ____________ of the VOR station." [Left "180 degrees South, true bearing position.",Right "360 degrees North, magnetic bearing position.",Left "180 degrees South, magnetic bearing position.",Left "0 degrees North, true bearing position."]


id: 3-69K6
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-69K6" "What is the main underlying operating principle of the Very-high-frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR) aircraft navigational system?" [Left "A definite amount of time is required to send and receive a radio signal.",Left "The difference between the peak values of two DC voltages may be used to determine an aircraft's altitude above a selected VOR station.",Right "A phase difference between two AC voltages may be used to determine an aircraft's azimuth position in relation to a selected VOR station.",Left "A phase difference between two AC voltages may be used to determine an aircraft's distance from a selected VOR station."]


id: 3-70K1
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-70K1" "What is the frequency range of the localizer beam system used by aircraft to find the centerline of a runway during an Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach to an airport?" [Left "108.10 kHz to 111.95 kHz.",Left "329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz.",Left "329.15 kHz to 335.00 kHz.",Right "108.10 MHz to 111.95 MHz."]


id: 3-70K2
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-70K2" "What is the frequency range of the marker beacon system used to indicate an aircraft's position during an Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach to an airport's runway?" [Left "The outer, middle, and inner marker beacons' UHF frequencies are unique for each ILS equipped airport to provide unambiguous frequency-protected reception areas in the 329.15 to 335.00 MHz range.",Left "The outer marker beacon's carrier frequency is 400 MHz, the middle marker beacon's carrier frequency is 1300 MHz, and the inner marker beacon's carrier frequency is 3000 MHz.",Right "The outer, the middle, and the inner marker beacon's carrier frequencies are all 75 MHz but the marker beacons are 95% tone-modulated at 400 Hz (outer), 1300 Hz (middle), and 3000 Hz (inner).",Left "The outer, marker beacon's carrier frequency is 3000 kHz, the middle marker beacon's carrier frequency is 1300 kHz, and the inner marker beacon's carrier frequency is 400 kHz."]


id: 3-70K3
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-70K3" "Which of the following is a required component of an Instrument Landing System (ILS)?" [Left "Altimeter: shows aircraft height above sea-level.",Right "Localizer: shows aircraft deviation horizontally from center of runway.",Left "VHF Communications: provide communications to aircraft.",Left "Distance Measuring Equipment: shows aircraft distance to VORTAC station."]


id: 3-70K4
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-70K4" "What type of antenna is used in an aircraft's Instrument Landing System (ILS) glideslope installation?" [Left "A vertically polarized antenna that radiates an omnidirectional antenna pattern.",Left "A balanced loop reception antenna.",Right "A folded dipole reception antenna.",Left "An electronically steerable phased-array antenna that radiates a directional antenna pattern."]


id: 3-70K5
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-70K5" "Choose the only correct statement about the localizer beam system used by aircraft to find the centerline of a runway during an Instrument Landing System (ILS) approach to an airport.  The localizer beam system:" [Left "Operates within the assigned frequency range of 108.10 to 111.95 GHz.",Left "Produces two amplitude modulated antenna patterns; one pattern above and one pattern below the normal 2.5 degree approach glide path of the aircraft.",Left "Frequencies are automatically tuned-in when the proper glide slope frequency is selected on the aircraft's Navigation and Communication (NAV/COMM) transceiver.",Right "Produces two amplitude modulated antenna patterns; one pattern with an audio frequency of 90 Hz and one pattern with an audio frequency of 150 Hz, one left of the runway centerline and one right of the runway centerline."]


id: 3-70K6
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-70K6" "On runway approach, an ILS Localizer shows:" [Right "Deviation left or right of runway center line.",Left "Deviation up and down from ground speed.",Left "Deviation percentage from authorized ground speed.",Left "Wind speed along runway."]


id: 3-71K1
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-71K1" "What is the frequency range of an aircraft's Automatic Direction Finding (ADF) equipment?" [Right "190 kHz to 1750 kHz.",Left "190 MHz to 1750 MHz.",Left "108.10 MHz to 111.95 MHz.",Left "108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz."]


id: 3-71K2
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-71K2" "What is meant by the term \"night effect\" when using an aircraft's Automatic Direction Finding (ADF) equipment?  Night effect refers to the fact that:" [Left "All Non Directional Beacon (NDB) transmitters are turned-off at dusk and turned-on at dawn.",Right "Non Directional Beacon (NDB) transmissions can bounce-off the Earth's ionosphere at night and be received at almost any direction.",Left "An aircraft's ADF transmissions will be slowed at night due to the increased density of the Earth's atmosphere after sunset.",Left "An aircraft's ADF antennas usually collect dew moisture after sunset which decreases their effective reception distance from an NDB transmitter."]


id: 3-71K3
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-71K3" "What are the transmit and receive frequencies of an aircraft's mode C transponder operating in the Air Traffic Control RADAR Beacon System (ATCRBS)?" [Right "Transmit at 1090 MHz, and receive at 1030 MHz",Left "Transmit at 1030 kHz, and receive at 1090 kHz",Left "Transmit at 1090 kHz, and receive at 1030 kHz",Left "Transmit at 1030 MHz, and receive at 1090 MHz"]


id: 3-71K4
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-71K4" "In addition to duplicating the functions of a mode C transponder, an aircraft's mode S transponder can also provide:" [Left "Primary RADAR surveillance capabilities.",Left "Long range lightning detection.",Right "Mid-Air collision avoidance capabilities.",Left "Backup VHF voice communication abilities."]


id: 3-71K5
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-71K5" "What type of encoding is used in an aircraft's mode C transponder transmission to a ground station of the Air Traffic Control RADAR Beacon System (ATCRBS)?" [Left "Differential phase shift keying.",Right "Pulse position modulation.",Left "Doppler effect compressional encryption.",Left "Amplitude modulation at 95%."]


id: 3-71K6
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-71K6" "Choose the only correct statement about an aircraft's Automatic Direction Finding (ADF) equipment." [Left "An aircraft's ADF transmission exhibits primarily a line-of-sight range to the ground-based target station and will not follow the curvature of the Earth.",Left "Only a single omnidirectional sense antenna is required to receive an NDB transmission and process the signal to calculate the aircraft's bearing to the selected ground station.",Left "All frequencies in the ADF's operating range except the commercial standard broadcast stations (550 to 1660 kHz) can be utilized as a navigational Non Directional Beacon (NDB) signal.",Right "An aircraft's ADF antennas can receive transmissions that are over the Earth's horizon (sometimes several hundred miles away) since these signals will follow the curvature of the Earth."]


id: 3-72K1
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-72K1" "What type of antenna pattern is radiated from a ground station phased-array directional antenna when transmitting the PPM pulses in a Mode S interrogation signal of an aircraft's Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) installation?" [Left "1090 MHz directional pattern.",Left "1030 MHz omnidirectional pattern.",Left "1090 MHz omnidirectional pattern.",Right "1030 MHz directional pattern."]


id: 3-72K2
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-72K2" "What type of antenna is used in an aircraft's Instrument Landing System (ILS) marker beacon installation?" [Left "An electronically steerable phased-array antenna that radiates a directional antenna pattern.",Left "A folded dipole reception antenna.",Right "A balanced loop reception antenna.",Left "A horizontally polarized antenna that radiates an omnidirectional antenna pattern."]


id: 3-72K3
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-72K3" "What is the frequency range of an aircraft's Very High Frequency (VHF) communications?" [Right "118.000 MHz to 136.975 MHz (worldwide up to 151.975 MHz).",Left "108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz.",Left "329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz.",Left "2.000 MHz to 29.999 MHz."]


id: 3-72K4
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-72K4" "Aircraft Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELT) operate on what frequencies?" [Left "121.5 MHz.",Left "243 MHz.",Left "121.5 and 243 MHz.",Right "121.5, 243 and 406 MHz."]


id: 3-72K5
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-72K5" "What is the frequency range of an aircraft's radio altimeter?" [Left "962 MHz to 1213 MHz.",Left "329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz.",Right "4250 MHz to 4350 MHz.",Left "108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz."]


id: 3-72K6
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-72K6" "What type of antenna is attached to an aircraft's Mode C transponder installation and used to receive 1030 MHz interrogation signals from the Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS)?" [Left "An electronically steerable phased-array directional antenna.",Right "An L-band monopole blade-type omnidirectional antenna.",Left "A folded dipole reception antenna.",Left "An internally mounted, mechanically rotatable loop antenna."]


id: 3-73K1
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-73K1" "Some aircraft and avionics equipment operates with a prime power line frequency of 400 Hz.  What is the principle advantage of a higher line frequency?" [Left "400 Hz power supplies draw less current than 60 Hz supplies allowing more current available for other systems on the aircraft.",Left "A 400 Hz power supply generates less heat and operates much more efficiently than a 60 Hz power supply.",Right "The magnetic devices in a 400 Hz power supply such as transformers, chokes and filters are smaller and lighter than those used in 60 Hz power supplies.",Left "400 Hz power supplies are much less expensive to produce than power supplies with lower line frequencies."]


id: 3-73K2
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-73K2" "Aviation services use predominantly ____ microphones." [Right "Dynamic",Left "Carbon",Left "Condenser",Left "Piezoelectric crystal"]


id: 3-73K3
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-73K3" "Typical airborne HF transmitters usually provide a nominal RF power output to the antenna of ____ watts, compared with ____ watts RF output from a typical VHF transmitter." [Left "10, 50",Left "50, 10",Left "20, 100",Right "100, 20"]


id: 3-73K4
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-73K4" "Before ground testing an aircraft RADAR, the operator should:" [Right "Ensure that the area in front of the antenna is clear of other maintenance personnel to avoid radiation hazards.",Left "Be sure the receiver has been properly shielded and grounded.",Left "First test the transmitter connected to a matched load.",Left "Measure power supply voltages to prevent circuit damage."]


id: 3-73K5
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-73K5" "What type of antenna is used in an aircraft's Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range (VOR) and Localizer (LOC) installations?" [Left "Vertically polarized antenna that radiates an omnidirectional antenna pattern.",Right "Horizontally polarized omnidirection reception antenna.",Left "Balanced loop transmission antenna.",Left "Folded dipole reception antenna."]


id: 3-73K6
subelement: K
probdata:
Problem "3-73K6" "What is the function of a commercial aircraft's SELCAL installation?  SELCAL is a type of aircraft communications __________." [Left "Device that allows an aircraft's receiver to be continuously calibrated for signal selectivity.",Right "System where a ground-based transmitter can call a selected aircraft or group of aircraft without the flight crew monitoring the ground-station frequency.",Left "Transmission that uses sequential logic algorithm encryption to prevent public \"eavesdropping\" of crucial aircraft flight data.",Left "System where an airborne transmitter can selectively calculate the line-of-sight distance to several ground-station receivers."]


id: 3-74L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-74L1" "What is a 1/2 digit on a DMM?" [Left "Smaller physical readout on the left side of the display.",Right "Partial extended accuracy on lower part of the range.",Left "Smaller physical readout on the right side.",Left "Does not apply to DMMs."]


id: 3-74L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-74L2" "A 50 microampere meter movement has an internal resistance of 2,000 ohms.  What applied voltage is required to indicate half-scale deflection?" [Left "0.01 volts",Left "0.10 volts",Left "0.005 volts.",Right "0.05 volts."]


id: 3-74L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-74L3" "What is the purpose of a series multiplier resistor used with a voltmeter?" [Right "It is used to increase the voltage-indicating range of the voltmeter.",Left "A multiplier resistor is not used with a voltmeter.",Left "It is used to decrease the voltage-indicating range of the voltmeter.",Left "It is used to increase the current-indicating range of an ammeter, not a voltmeter."]


id: 3-74L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-74L4" "What is the purpose of a shunt resistor used with an ammeter?" [Left "A shunt resistor is not used with an ammeter.",Left "It is used to decrease the ampere indicating range of the ammeter.",Right "It is used to increase the ampere indicating range of the ammeter.",Left "It is used to increase the voltage indicating range of the voltmeter, not the ammeter."]


id: 3-74L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-74L5" "What instrument is used to indicate high and low digital voltage states?" [Left "Ohmmeter.",Right "Logic probe.",Left "Megger.",Left "Signal strength meter."]


id: 3-74L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-74L6" "What instrument may be used to verify proper radio antenna functioning?" [Left "Digital ohm meter.",Left "Hewlett-Packard frequency meter.",Right "An SWR meter.",Left "Different radio."]


id: 3-75L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-75L1" "How is a frequency counter used?" [Left "To provide reference points on an analog receiver dial thereby aiding in the alignment of the receiver.",Left "To heterodyne the frequency being measured with a known variable frequency oscillator until zero beat is achieved, thereby indicating the unknown frequency.",Left "To measure the deviation in an FM transmitter in order to determine the percentage of modulation.",Right "To measure the time between events, or the frequency, which is the reciprocal of the time."]


id: 3-75L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-75L2" "What is a frequency standard?" [Left "A well-known (standard) frequency used for transmitting certain messages.",Right "A device used to produce a highly accurate reference frequency.",Left "A device for accurately measuring frequency to within 1 Hz.",Left "A device used to generate wide-band random frequencies."]


id: 3-75L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-75L3" "What equipment may be useful to track down EMI aboard a ship or aircraft?" [Left "Fluke multimeter.",Left "An oscilloscope.",Right "Portable AM receiver.",Left "A logic probe."]


id: 3-75L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-75L4" "On an analog wattmeter, what part of the scale is most accurate and how much does that accuracy extend to the rest of the reading scale?" [Right "The accuracy is only at full scale, and that absolute number reading is carried through to the rest of the range.  The upper 1/3 of the meter is the only truly calibrated part.",Left "The accuracy is constant throughout the entire range of the meter.",Left "The accuracy is only there at the upper 5% of the meter, and is not carried through at any other reading.",Left "The accuracy cannot be determined at any reading."]


id: 3-75L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-75L5" "Which of the following frequency standards is used as a time base standard by field technicians?" [Left "Quartz Crystal.",Right "Rubidium Standard.",Left "Cesium Beam Standard.",Left "LC Tank Oscillator."]


id: 3-75L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-75L6" "Which of the following contains a multirange AF voltmeter calibrated in dB and a sharp, internal 1000 Hz bandstop filter, both used in conjunction with each other to perform quieting tests?" [Right "SINAD meter.",Left "Reflectometer.",Left "Dip meter.",Left "Vector-impedance meter."]


id: 3-76L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-76L1" "What is used to decrease circuit loading when using an oscilloscope?" [Left "Dual input amplifiers.",Right "10:1 divider probe.",Left "Inductive probe.",Left "Resistive probe."]


id: 3-76L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-76L2" "How does a spectrum analyzer differ from a conventional oscilloscope?" [Left "The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals while the spectrum analyzer is used to measure ionospheric reflection.",Left "The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals in the frequency domain while the spectrum analyzer is used to display electrical signals in the time domain.",Right "The oscilloscope is used to display electrical signals in the time domain while the spectrum analyzer is used to display electrical signals in the frequency domain.",Left "The oscilloscope is used for displaying audio frequencies and the spectrum analyzer is used for displaying radio frequencies."]


id: 3-76L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-76L3" "What stage determines the maximum frequency response of an oscilloscope?" [Left "Time base.",Left "Horizontal sweep.",Left "Power supply.",Right "Vertical amplifier."]


id: 3-76L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-76L4" "What factors limit the accuracy, frequency response, and stability of an oscilloscope?" [Right "Sweep oscillator quality and deflection amplifier bandwidth.",Left "Tube face voltage increments and deflection amplifier voltage.",Left "Sweep oscillator quality and tube face voltage increments.",Left "Deflection amplifier output impedance and tube face frequency increments."]


id: 3-76L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-76L5" "An oscilloscope can be used to accomplish all of the following except:" [Left "Measure electron flow with the aid of a resistor.",Left "Measure phase difference between two signals.",Right "Measure velocity of light with the aid of a light emitting diode.",Left "Measure electrical voltage."]


id: 3-76L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-76L6" "What instrument is used to check the signal quality of a single-sideband radio transmission?" [Left "Field strength meter.",Left "Signal level meter.",Left "Sidetone monitor.",Right "Oscilloscope."]


id: 3-77L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-77L1" "A(n) ____ and ____ can be combined to measure the characteristics of transmission lines.  Such an arrangement is known as a time-domain reflectometer (TDR)." [Left "Frequency spectrum analyzer, RF generator.",Right "Oscilloscope, pulse generator.",Left "AC millivolt meter, AF generator.",Left "Frequency counter, linear detector."]


id: 3-77L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-77L2" "What does the horizontal axis of a spectrum analyzer display?" [Left "Amplitude.",Left "Voltage.",Left "Resonance.",Right "Frequency."]


id: 3-77L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-77L3" "What does the vertical axis of a spectrum analyzer display?" [Right "Amplitude.",Left "Duration.",Left "Frequency.",Left "Time."]


id: 3-77L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-77L4" "What instrument is most accurate when checking antennas and transmission lines at the operating frequency of the antenna?" [Left "Time domain reflectometer.",Left "Wattmeter.",Left "DMM.",Right "Frequency domain reflectometer."]


id: 3-77L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-77L5" "What test instrument can be used to display spurious signals in the output of a radio transmitter?" [Right "A spectrum analyzer.",Left "A wattmeter.",Left "A logic analyzer.",Left "A time domain reflectometer."]


id: 3-77L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-77L6" "What instrument is commonly used by radio service technicians to monitor frequency, modulation, check receiver sensitivity, distortion, and to generate audio tones?" [Left "Oscilloscope.",Left "Spectrum analyzer.",Right "Service monitor.",Left "DMM."]


id: 3-78L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-78L1" "Can a P25 radio system be monitored with a scanner?" [Left "Yes , regardless if it has P25 decoding or not.",Left "No.",Right "Yes, if the scanner has P25 decoding.",Left "Yes, but it must also have P26 decoding."]


id: 3-78L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-78L2" "Which of the following answers is true?" [Left "The RF Power reading on a CDMA (code division multiple access) radio will be very accurate on an analog power meter.",Right "The RF Power reading on a CDMA radio is not accurate on an analog power meter.",Left "Power cannot be measured using CDMA modulation.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 3-78L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-78L3" "What is a common method used to program radios without using a \"wired\" connection?" [Left "Banding.",Left "Using the ultraviolet from a programmed radio to repeat the programming in another.",Right "Infra-red communication.",Left "Having the radio maker send down a programming signal via satellite."]


id: 3-78L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-78L4" "What is the common method for determining the exact sensitivity specification of a receiver?" [Right "Measure the recovered audio for 12 dB of SINAD.",Left "Measure the recovered audio for 10 dB of quieting.",Left "Measure the recovered audio for 10 dB of SINAD.",Left "Measure the recovered audio for 25 dB of quieting."]


id: 3-78L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-78L5" "A communications technician would perform a modulation-acceptance bandwidth test in order to:" [Left "Ascertain the audio frequency response of the receiver.",Left "Determine whether the CTCSS in the receiver is operating correctly.",Left "Verify the results from a 12 dB SINAD test.",Right "Determine the effective bandwidth of a communications receiver."]


id: 3-78L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-78L6" "What is the maximum FM deviation for voice operation of a normal wideband channel on VHF and UHF?" [Left "2.5 kHz",Right "5.0 kHz",Left "7.5 kHz",Left "10 kHz"]


id: 3-79L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-79L1" "When soldering or working with CMOS electronics products or equipment, a wrist strap:" [Right "Must have less than 100,000 ohms of resistance to prevent static electricity.",Left "Cannot be used when repairing TTL devices.",Left "Must be grounded to a water pipe.",Left "Does not work well in conjunction with anti-static floor mats."]


id: 3-79L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-79L2" "Which of the following is the preferred method of cleaning solder from plated-through circuit-board holes?" [Left "Use a dental pick.",Right "Use a vacuum device.",Left "Use a soldering iron tip that has a temperature above 900 degrees F.",Left "Use an air jet device."]


id: 3-79L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-79L3" "What is the proper way to cut plastic wire ties?" [Left "With scissors.",Left "With a knife.",Left "With semi-flush diagonal pliers.",Right "With flush-cut diagonal pliers and cut flush."]


id: 3-79L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-79L4" "The ideal method of removing insulation from wire is:" [Right "The thermal stripper.",Left "The pocket knife.",Left "A mechanical wire stripper.",Left "The scissor action stripping tool."]


id: 3-79L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-79L5" "A \"hot gas bonder\" is used:" [Left "To apply solder to the iron tip while it is heating the component.",Right "For non-contact melting of solder.",Left "To allow soldering both sides of the PC board simultaneously.",Left "To cure LCA adhesives."]


id: 3-79L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-79L6" "When repairing circuit board assemblies it is most important to:" [Left "Use a dental pick to clear plated-through holes.",Left "Bridge broken copper traces with solder.",Right "Wear safety glasses.",Left "Use a holding fixture."]


id: 3-80L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-80L1" "What color is the binder for pairs 51-75 in a 100-pair cable?" [Left "Red",Left "Blue",Left "Black",Right "Green"]


id: 3-80L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-80L2" "What is most important when routing cables in a mobile unit?" [Left "That cables be cut to the exact length.",Left "Assuring accessibility of the radio for servicing from outside the vehicle.",Right "Assuring radio or electronics cables do not interfere with the normal operation of the vehicle.",Left "Assuring cables are concealed under floor mats or carpeting."]


id: 3-80L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-80L3" "Why should you not use white or translucent plastic tie wraps on a radio tower?" [Left "White tie wraps are not FAA approved.",Right "UV radiation from the Sun deteriorates the plastic very quickly.",Left "The white color attracts wasps",Left "The black tie wraps may cause electrolysis."]


id: 3-80L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-80L4" "What is the 6th pair color code in a 25 pair switchboard cable as is found in building telecommunications interconnections?" [Left "Blue/Green, Green/Blue.",Left "Red/Blue, White/Violet.",Right "Red/Blue, Blue/Red.",Left "White/Slate, Slate/White."]


id: 3-80L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-80L5" "What tolerance off of plumb should a single base station radio rack be installed?" [Left "No tolerance allowed.",Left "Just outside the bubble on a level.",Left "All the way to one end.",Right "Just inside the bubble on a level."]


id: 3-80L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-80L6" "What type of wire would connect an SSB automatic tuner to an insulated backstay?" [Right "GTO-15 high-voltage cable.",Left "RG8U.",Left "RG213.",Left "16-gauge two-conductor."]


id: 3-81L1
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-81L1" "On a 150 watt marine SSB HF transceiver, what would be indicated by a steady output of 75 watts when keying the transmitter on?" [Right "There is probably a defect in the system causing the carrier to be transmitted.",Left "One of the sidebands is missing.",Left "Both sidebands are being transmitting.",Left "The operation is normal."]


id: 3-81L2
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-81L2" "The tachometer of a building's elevator circuit experiences interference caused by the radio system nearby. What is a common potential \"fix\" for the problem?" [Left "Replace the tachometer of the elevator.",Right "Add a .01 &micro;F capacitor across the motor/tachometer leads.",Left "Add a 200 &micro;F capacity across the motor/tachometer leads.",Left "Add an isolating resistor in series with the motor leads."]


id: 3-81L3
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-81L3" "A common method of programming portable or mobile radios is to use a:" [Right "A laptop computer.",Left "Dummy load.",Left "A wattmeter.",Left "A signal generator."]


id: 3-81L4
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-81L4" "In a software-defined transceiver, what would be the best way for a technician to make a quick overall evaluation of the radio's operational condition?" [Left "Set up a spectrum analyzer and service monitor and manually verify the manufacturer's specifications.",Left "Use another radio on the same frequency to check the transmitter.",Right "Use the built-in self-test feature.",Left "Using on-board self-test routines are strictly prohibited by the FCC in commercial transmitters.  Amateur Radio is the only service currently authorized to use them."]


id: 3-81L5
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-81L5" "How might an installer verify correct GPS sentence to marine DSC VHF radio?" [Left "Press and hold the red distress button.",Right "Look for latitude and longitude on the display.",Left "Look for GPS confirmation readout.",Left "Ask for VHF radio check position report."]


id: 3-81L6
subelement: L
probdata:
Problem "3-81L6" "What steps must be taken to activate the DSC emergency signaling function on a marine VHF?" [Left "Separate 12 volts to the switch.",Left "Secondary DSC transmit antenna.",Left "GPS position input.",Right "Input of registered 9-digit MMSI."]


id: 3-82M1
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-82M1" "What term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the RF carrier frequency varies according to some predetermined sequence?" [Left "Amplitude compandored single sideband.",Left "SITOR.",Left "Time-domain frequency modulation.",Right "Spread spectrum communication."]


id: 3-82M2
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-82M2" "Name two types of spread spectrum systems used in most RF communications applications?" [Left "AM and FM.",Left "QPSK or QAM.",Right "Direct Sequence and Frequency Hopping.",Left "Frequency Hopping and APSK."]


id: 3-82M3
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-82M3" "What is the term used to describe a spread spectrum communications system where the center frequency of a conventional carrier is altered many times per second in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels?" [Right "Frequency hopping.",Left "Direct sequence.",Left "Time-domain frequency modulation.",Left "Frequency compandored spread spectrum."]


id: 3-82M4
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-82M4" "A TDMA radio uses what to carry the multiple conversations sequentially?" [Left "Separate frequencies.",Left "Separate pilot tones.",Left "Separate power levels.",Right "Separate time slots."]


id: 3-82M5
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-82M5" "Which of the following statements about SSB voice transmissions is correct?" [Left "They use A3E emission which are produced by modulating the final amplifier.",Left "They use F3E emission which is produced by phase shifting the carrier.",Right "They normally use J3E emissions, which consists of one sideband and a suppressed carrier.",Left "They may use A1A emission to suppress the carrier."]


id: 3-82M6
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-82M6" "What are the two most-used PCS (Personal Communications Systems) coding techniques used to separate different calls?" [Left "QPSK and QAM.",Right "CDMA and GSM.",Left "ABCD and SYZ.",Left "AM and Frequency Hopping."]


id: 3-83M1
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-83M1" "What is a CODEC?" [Left "A device to read Morse code.",Left "A computer operated digital encoding compandor.",Right "A coder/decoder IC or circuitry that converts a voice signal into a predetermined digital format for encrypted transmission.",Left "A voice amplitude compression chip."]


id: 3-83M2
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-83M2" "The GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) uses what type of CODEC for digital mobile radio system communications?" [Right "Regular-Pulse Excited (RPE).",Left "Code-Excited Linear Predictive (CLEP).",Left "Multi-Pulse Excited (MPE).",Left "Linear Excited Code (LEC)."]


id: 3-83M3
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-83M3" "Which of the following codes has gained the widest acceptance for exchange of data from one computer to another?" [Left "Gray.",Left "Baudot.",Left "Morse.",Right "ASCII."]


id: 3-83M4
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-83M4" "The International Organization for Standardization has developed a seven-level reference model for a packet-radio communications structure.  What level is responsible for the actual transmission of data and handshaking signals?" [Right "The physical layer.",Left "The transport layer.",Left "The communications layer.",Left "The synchronization layer."]


id: 3-83M5
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-83M5" "What CODEC is used in Phase 2 P25 radios?" [Left "IWCE",Left "IMBC",Left "IMMM",Right "BMBE"]


id: 3-83M6
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-83M6" "The International Organization for Standardization has developed a seven-level reference model for a packet-radio communications structure. The _______ level arranges the bits into frames and controls data flow." [Left "Transport layer.",Right "Link layer.",Left "Communications layer.",Left "Synchronization layer."]


id: 3-84M1
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-84M1" "What is a SDR?" [Left "Software Deviation Ratio.",Right "Software Defined Radio.",Left "SWR Meter.",Left "Static Dynamic Ram."]


id: 3-84M2
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-84M2" "What does the DSP not do in a modern DSP radio?" [Left "Control frequency.",Left "Control modulation.",Left "Control detection.",Right "Control SWR."]


id: 3-84M3
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-84M3" "Which statement best describes the code used for GMDSS-DSC transmissions?" [Right "A 10 bit error correcting code starting with bits of data followed by a 3 bit error correcting code.",Left "A 10 bit error correcting code starting with a 3 bit error correcting code followed by 7 bits of data.",Left "An 8 bit code with 7 bits of data followed by a single parity bit.",Left "A 7 bit code that is transmitted twice for error correction."]


id: 3-84M4
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-84M4" "Which is the code used for SITOR-A and -B transmissions?" [Left "The 5 bit baudot telex code.",Left "Each character consists of 7 bits with 3 \"zeros\" and 4 \"ones\".",Right "Each character consists of 7 bits with 4 \"zeros\" and 3 \"ones\".",Left "Each character has 7 bits of data and 3 bits for error correction."]


id: 3-84M5
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-84M5" "Which of the following statements is true?" [Left "The Signal Repetition character (1001100) is used as a control signal in SITOR-ARQ.",Right "The Idle Signal (a) (0000111) is used for FEC Phasing Signal 1.",Left "The Idle Signal (b) (0011001) is used for FEC Phasing Signal 2.",Left "The Control Signal 1 (0101100) is used to determine the time displacement in SITOR-B."]


id: 3-84M6
subelement: M
probdata:
Problem "3-84M6" "What principle allows multiple conversations to be able to share one radio channel on a GSM channel?" [Left "Frequency Division Multiplex.",Left "Double sideband.",Right "Time Division Multiplex.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 3-85N1
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-85N1" "What is the channel spacing used for VHF marine radio?" [Left "10 kHz.",Left "12.5 kHz.",Left "20 kHz.",Right "25 kHz."]


id: 3-85N2
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-85N2" "What VHF channel is assigned for distress and calling?" [Left "70",Right "16",Left "21A",Left "68"]


id: 3-85N3
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-85N3" "What VHF Channel is used for Digital Selective Calling and acknowledgement?" [Left "16",Left "21A",Right "70",Left "68"]


id: 3-85N4
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-85N4" "Maximum allowable frequency deviation for VHF marine radios is:" [Right "+/- 5 kHz.",Left "+/- 15 kHz.",Left "+/- 2.5 kHz.",Left "+/- 25 kHz."]


id: 3-85N5
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-85N5" "What is the reason for the USA-INT control or function?" [Left "It changes channels that are normally simplex channels into duplex channels.",Right "It changes some channels that are normally duplex channels into simplex channels.",Left "When the control is set to \"INT\" the range is increased.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 3-85N6
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-85N6" "How might an installer verify correct GPS sentence to marine DSC VHF radio?" [Right "Look for latitude and longitude, plus speed, on VHF display.",Left "Press and hold the red distress button.",Left "Look for GPS confirmation readout.",Left "Ask for VHF radio check position report."]


id: 3-86N1
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-86N1" "What is a common occurrence when voice-testing an SSB aboard a boat?" [Left "Ammeter fluctuates down with each spoken word.",Right "Voltage panel indicator lamps may glow with each syllable.",Left "Automatic tuner cycles on each syllable.",Left "Minimal voltage drop seen at power source."]


id: 3-86N2
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-86N2" "What might contribute to apparent low voltage on marine SSB transmitting?" [Left "Blown red fuse.",Left "Too much grounding.",Right "Blown black negative fuse.",Left "Antenna mismatch."]


id: 3-86N3
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-86N3" "What type of wire connects an SSB automatic tuner to an insulated backstay?" [Left "RG8U.",Left "RG213.",Left "16-gauge two-conductor.",Right "GTO-15 high-voltage cable."]


id: 3-86N4
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-86N4" "Which of the following statements concerning SITOR communications is true?" [Right "ARQ message transmissions are made in data groups consisting of three-character blocks.",Left "ARQ transmissions are acknowledged by the Information Receiving Station only at the end of the message.",Left "ARQ communications rely upon error correction by time diversity transmission and reception.",Left "Forward error correction is an interactive mode."]


id: 3-86N5
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-86N5" "The sequence ARQ, FEC, SFEC best corresponds to which of the following sequences?" [Left "One-way communications to a single station, one-way communications to all stations, two-way communications.",Left "One-way communications to all stations, two-way communications, one-way communications to a single station.",Right "Two way communications, one-way communications to all stations, one-way communications to a single station.",Left "Two way communications, one-way communications to a single station, one-way communications to all stations."]


id: 3-86N6
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-86N6" "Which of the following statements concerning SITOR communications is true?" [Left "Communication is established on the working channel and answerbacks are exchanged before FEC broadcasts can be received.",Left "In the ARQ mode each character is transmitted twice.",Left "Weather broadcasts cannot be made in FEC because sending each character twice would cause the broadcast to be prohibitively long.",Right "Two-way communication with the coast radio station using FEC is not necessary to be able to receive the broadcasts."]


id: 3-87N1
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-87N1" "What causes the SART to begin a transmission?" [Left "When activated manually, it begins radiating immediately.",Right "After being activated the SART responds to radar interrogation.",Left "It is either manually or water activated before radiating.",Left "It begins radiating only when keyed by the operator."]


id: 3-87N2
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-87N2" "How should the signal from a Search And Rescue Radar Transponder appear on a radar display?" [Left "A series of dashes.",Left "A series of spirals all originating from the range and bearing of the SART.",Left "A series of twenty dashes.",Right "A series of 12 equally spaced dots."]


id: 3-87N3
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-87N3" "In which frequency band does a search and rescue transponder operate?" [Right "9 GHz",Left "3 GHz",Left "S-band",Left "406 MHz"]


id: 3-87N4
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-87N4" "Which piece of required GMDSS equipment is the primary source of transmitting locating signals?" [Left "Radio Direction Finder (RDF).",Left "A SART transmitting on 406 MHz.",Left "Survival Craft Transceiver.",Right "An EPIRB transmitting on 406 MHz."]


id: 3-87N5
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-87N5" "Which of the following statements concerning satellite EPIRBs is true?" [Right "Once activated, these EPIRBs transmit a signal for use in identifying the vessel and for determining the position of the beacon.",Left "The coded signal identifies the nature of the distress situation.",Left "The coded signal only identifies the vessel's name and port of registry.",Left "If the GMDSS Radio Operator does not program the EPIRB, it will transmit default information such as the follow-on communications frequency and mode."]


id: 3-87N6
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-87N6" "What statement is true regarding 406 MHz EPIRB transmissions?" [Left "Allows immediate voice communications with the RCC.",Left "Coding permits the SAR authorities to know if manually or automatically activated.",Right "Transmits a unique hexadecimal identification number.",Left "Radio Operator programs an I.D. into the SART immediately prior to activation."]


id: 3-88N1
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-88N1" "What is facsimile?" [Left "The transmission of still pictures by slow-scan television.",Left "The transmission of characters by radioteletype that form a picture when printed.",Right "The transmission of printed pictures for permanent display on paper.",Left "The transmission of video by television."]


id: 3-88N2
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-88N2" "What is the standard scan rate for high-frequency 3 MHz - 23 MHz weather facsimile reception from shore stations?" [Left "240 lines per minute.",Right "120 lines per minute.",Left "150 lines per second.",Left "60 lines per second."]


id: 3-88N3
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-88N3" "What would be the bandwidth of a good crystal lattice band-pass filter for weather facsimile HF (high frequency) reception?" [Left "500 Hz at -6 dB.",Left "6 kHz at -6 dB.",Right "1 kHz at -6 dB.",Left "15 kHz at -6 dB."]


id: 3-88N4
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-88N4" "Which of the following statements about NAVTEX is true?" [Right "Receives MSI broadcasts using SITOR-B or FEC mode.",Left "The ship station transmits on 518 kHz.",Left "The ship receives MSI broadcasts using SITOR-A or ARQ mode.",Left "NAVTEX is received on 2182 kHz using SSB."]


id: 3-88N5
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-88N5" "Which of the following is the primary frequency that is used exclusively for NAVTEX broadcasts internationally?" [Left "2187.5 kHz.",Left "4209.5 kHz.",Left "VHF channel 16.",Right "518 kHz."]


id: 3-88N6
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-88N6" "What determines whether a NAVTEX receiver does not print a particular type of message content?" [Left "The message does not concern your vessel.",Right "The subject indicator matches that programmed for rejection by the operator.",Left "The transmitting station ID covering your area has not been programmed for rejection by the operator.",Left "All messages sent during each broadcast are printed."]


id: 3-89N1
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-89N1" "What data language is bi-directional, multi-transmitter, multi-receiver network?" [Right "NMEA 2000.",Left "NMEA 0181.",Left "NMEA 0182.",Left "NMEA 0183."]


id: 3-89N2
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-89N2" "How should shielding be grounded on an NMEA data line?" [Left "Unterminated at both ends.",Right "Terminated to ground at the talker and unterminated at the listener.",Left "Unterminated at the talker and terminated at the listener.",Left "Terminated at both the talker and listener."]


id: 3-89N3
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-89N3" "What might occur in NMEA 2000 network topology if one device in line should fail?" [Left "The system shuts down until the device is removed.",Left "Other electronics after the failed device will be inoperable.",Left "The main fuse on the backbone may open.",Right "There will be no interruption to all other devices."]


id: 3-89N4
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-89N4" "In an NMEA 2000 device, a load equivalence number (LEN) of 1 is equivalent to how much current consumption?" [Right "50 mA",Left "10 mA",Left "25 mA",Left "5 mA"]


id: 3-89N5
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-89N5" "An NMEA 2000 system with devices in a single location may be powered using this method:" [Left "Dual mid-powered network.",Right "End-powered network.",Left "Individual devices individually powered.",Left "No 12 volts needed for NMEA 2000 devices."]


id: 3-89N6
subelement: N
probdata:
Problem "3-89N6" "What voltage drop at the end of the last segment will satisfy NMEA 2000 network cabling plans?" [Left "0.5 volts",Left "2.0 volts",Right "1.5 volts",Left "3.0 volts"]


id: 3-90O1
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-90O1" "What is the normal range of pulse repetition rates?" [Left "2,000 to 4,000 pps.",Left "1,000 to 3,000 pps.",Left "500 to 1,000 pps.",Right "500 to 2,000 pps."]


id: 3-90O2
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-90O2" "The RADAR range in nautical miles to an object can be found by measuring the elapsed time during a RADAR pulse and dividing this quantity by:" [Left "0.87 seconds.",Left "1.15 &micro;s.",Right "12.346 &micro;s.",Left "1.073 &micro;s."]


id: 3-90O3
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-90O3" "What is the normal range of pulse widths?" [Left ".05 &micro;s to 0.1 &micro;s.",Right ".05 &micro;s to 1.0 &micro;s.",Left "1.0 &micro;s to 3.5 &micro;s.",Left "2.5 &micro;s to 5.0 &micro;s."]


id: 3-90O4
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-90O4" "Shipboard RADAR is most commonly operated in what band?" [Left "VHF.",Left "UHF.",Right "SHF.",Left "EHF."]


id: 3-90O5
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-90O5" "The pulse repetition rate (prr) of a RADAR refers to the:" [Left "Reciprocal of the duty cycle.",Left "Pulse rate of the local oscillator.",Left "Pulse rate of the klystron.",Right "Pulse rate of the magnetron."]


id: 3-90O6
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-90O6" "If the elapsed time for a RADAR echo is 62 microseconds, what is the distance in nautical miles to the object?" [Right "5 nautical miles.",Left "87 nautical miles.",Left "37 nautical miles.",Left "11.5 nautical miles."]


id: 3-91O1
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-91O1" "The ATR box:" [Right "Prevents the received signal from entering the transmitter.",Left "Protects the receiver from strong RADAR signals.",Left "Turns off the receiver when the transmitter is on.",Left "All of the above."]


id: 3-91O2
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-91O2" "What is the purpose or function of the RADAR duplexer/circulator? It is a/an:" [Left "Coupling device that is used in the transition from a rectangular waveguide to a circular waveguide.",Right "Electronic switch that allows the use of one antenna for both transmission and reception.",Left "Modified length of waveguide that is used to sample a portion of the transmitted energy for testing purposes.",Left "Dual section coupling device that allows the use of a magnetron as a transmitter."]


id: 3-91O3
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-91O3" "What device can be used to determine the performance of a RADAR system at sea?" [Right "Echo box.",Left "Klystron.",Left "Circulator.",Left "Digital signal processor."]


id: 3-91O4
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-91O4" "What is the purpose of a synchro transmitter and receiver?" [Left "Synchronizes the transmitted and received pulse trains.",Left "Prevents the receiver from operating during the period of the transmitted pulse.",Right "Transmits the angular position of the antenna to the indicator unit.",Left "Keeps the speed of the motor generator constant."]


id: 3-91O5
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-91O5" "Digital signal processing (DSP) of RADAR signals (compared with analog) causes:" [Left "Improved display graphics.",Right "Improved weak signal or target enhancement.",Left "Less interference with SONAR systems.",Left "Less interference with other radio communications equipment."]


id: 3-91O6
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-91O6" "The component or circuit providing the transmitter output power for a RADAR system is the:" [Left "Thyratron.",Left "SCR.",Left "Klystron.",Right "Magnetron."]


id: 3-92O1
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-92O1" "When a RADAR is being operated on the 48 mile range setting, what is the most appropriate pulse width (PW) and pulse repetition rate (pps)?" [Left "1.0 &micro;s PW and 2,000 pps.",Left "0.05 &micro;s PW and 2,000 pps.",Left "2.5 &micro;s PW and 2,500 pps.",Right "1.0 &micro;s PW and 500 pps."]


id: 3-92O2
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-92O2" "When a RADAR is being operated on the 6 mile range setting what is the most appropriate pulse width and pulse repetition rate?" [Left "1.0 &micro;s PW and 500 pps.",Left "2.0 &micro;s PW and 3,000 pps.",Right "0.25 &micro;s PW and 1,000 pps.",Left "0.01 &micro;s PW and 500 pps."]


id: 3-92O3
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-92O3" "We are looking at a target 25 miles away.  When a RADAR is being operated on the 25 mile range setting what is the most appropriate pulse width and pulse repetition rate?" [Right "1.0 &micro;s PW and 500 pps.",Left "0.25 &micro;s PW and 1,000 pps.",Left "0.01 &micro;s PW and 500 pps.",Left "0.05 &micro;s PW and 2,000 pps."]


id: 3-92O4
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-92O4" "What pulse width and repetition rate should you use at long ranges?" [Left "Narrow pulse width and slow repetition rate.",Left "Narrow pulse width and fast repetition rate.",Left "Wide pulse width and fast repetition rate.",Right "Wide pulse width and slow repetition rate."]


id: 3-92O5
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-92O5" "What pulse width and repetition rate should you use at short ranges?" [Left "Wide pulse width and fast repetition rate.",Left "Narrow pulse width and slow repetition rate.",Right "Narrow pulse width and fast repetition rates.",Left "Wide pulse width and slow repetition rates."]


id: 3-92O6
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-92O6" "When a RADAR is being operated on the 1.5 mile range setting, what is the most appropriate pulse width and pulse repetition rate?" [Left "0.25 &micro;s PW and 1,000 pps.",Right "0.05 &micro;s PW and 2,000 pps.",Left "1.0 &micro;s PW and 500 pps.",Left "2.5 &micro;s PW and 2,500 pps."]


id: 3-93O1
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-93O1" "How does the gain of a parabolic dish antenna change when the operating frequency is doubled?" [Left "Gain does not change.",Left "Gain is multiplied by 0.707.",Right "Gain increases 6 dB.",Left "Gain increases 3 dB."]


id: 3-93O2
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-93O2" "What type of antenna or pickup device is used to extract the RADAR signal from the wave guide?" [Right "J-hook.",Left "K-hook.",Left "Folded dipole.",Left "Circulator."]


id: 3-93O3
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-93O3" "What happens to the beamwidth of an antenna as the gain is increased? The beamwidth:" [Left "Increases geometrically as the gain is increased.",Left "Increases arithmetically as the gain is increased.",Left "Is essentially unaffected by the gain of the antenna.",Right "Decreases as the gain is increased."]


id: 3-93O4
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-93O4" "A common shipboard RADAR antenna is the:" [Right "Slotted array.",Left "Dipole.",Left "Stacked Yagi.",Left "Vertical Marconi."]


id: 3-93O5
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-93O5" "Conductance takes place in a waveguide:" [Left "By interelectron delay.",Left "Through electrostatic field reluctance.",Left "In the same manner as a transmission line.",Right "Through electromagnetic and electrostatic fields in the walls of the waveguide."]


id: 3-93O6
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-93O6" "To couple energy into and out of a waveguide use:" [Left "Wide copper sheeting.",Right "A thin piece of wire as an antenna.",Left "An LC circuit.",Left "Capacitive coupling."]


id: 3-94O1
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-94O1" "The permanent magnetic field that surrounds a traveling-wave tube (TWT) is intended to:" [Left "Provide a means of coupling.",Right "Prevent the electron beam from spreading.",Left "Prevent oscillations.",Left "Prevent spurious oscillations."]


id: 3-94O2
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-94O2" "Prior to testing any RADAR system, the operator should first:" [Left "Check the system grounds.",Left "Assure the display unit is operating normally.",Left "Inform the airport control tower or ship's master.",Right "Assure no personnel are in front of the antenna."]


id: 3-94O3
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-94O3" "In the term \"ARPA RADAR,\" ARPA is the acronym for which of the following?" [Right "Automatic RADAR Plotting Aid.",Left "Automatic RADAR Positioning Angle.",Left "American RADAR Programmers Association.",Left "Authorized RADAR Programmer and Administrator."]


id: 3-94O4
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-94O4" "Which of the following is NOT a precaution that should be taken to ensure the magnetron is not weakened:" [Left "Keep metal tools away from the magnet.",Left "Do not subject it to excessive heat.",Right "Keep the TR properly tuned.",Left "Do not subject it to shocks and blows."]


id: 3-94O5
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-94O5" "Exposure to microwave energy from RADAR or other electronics devices is limited by U.S. Health Department regulations to _______ mW/centimeter." [Left "0.005",Right "5.0",Left "0.05",Left "0.5"]


id: 3-94O6
subelement: O
probdata:
Problem "3-94O6" "RADAR collision avoidance systems utilize inputs from each of the following except your ship's:" [Left "Gyrocompass.",Left "Navigation position receiver.",Right "Anemometer.",Left "Speed indicator."]


id: 3-95P1
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-95P1" "What is the orbiting altitude of the Iridium satellite communications system?" [Left "22,184 miles.",Left "11,492 miles.",Left "4,686 miles.",Right "485 miles."]


id: 3-95P2
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-95P2" "What frequency band is used by the Iridium system for telephone and messaging?" [Left "965 - 985 MHz.",Right "1616 -1626 MHz.",Left "1855 -1895 MHz.",Left "2415 - 2435 MHz."]


id: 3-95P3
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-95P3" "What services are provided by the Iridium system?" [Left "Analog voice and Data at 4.8 kbps.",Left "Digital voice and Data at 9.6 kbps.",Right "Digital voice and Data at 2.4 kbps.",Left "Analog voice and Data at 9.6 kbps."]


id: 3-95P4
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-95P4" "Which of the following statements about the Iridium system is true?" [Right "There are 48 spot beams per satellite with a footprint of 30 miles in diameter.",Left "There are 48 satellites in orbit in 4 orbital planes.",Left "The inclination of the orbital planes is 55 degrees.",Left "The orbital period is approximately 85 minutes."]


id: 3-95P5
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-95P5" "What is the main function of the COSPAS-SARSAT satellite system?" [Left "Monitor 121.5 MHz for voice distress calls.",Right "Monitor 406 MHz for distress calls from EPIRBs.",Left "Monitor 1635 MHz for coded distress calls.",Left "Monitor 2197.5 kHz for hexadecimal coded DSC distress messages."]


id: 3-95P6
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-95P6" "How does the COSPAS-SARSAT satellite system determine the position of a ship in distress?" [Right "By measuring the Doppler shift of the 406 MHz signal taken at several different points in its orbit.",Left "The EPIRB always transmits its position which is relayed by the satellite to the Local User Terminal.",Left "It takes two different satellites to establish an accurate position.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 3-96P1
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-96P1" "What is the orbital altitude of INMARSAT Satellites?" [Left "16,436 miles.",Right "22,177 miles.",Left "10,450 miles.",Left "26,435 miles."]


id: 3-96P2
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-96P2" "Which of the following describes the INMARSAT Satellite system?" [Left "AOR at 35&deg; W, POR-E at 165&deg; W, POR-W at 155&deg; E and IOR at 56.5&deg; E.",Left "AOR-E at 25&deg; W, AOR-W at 85&deg; W, POR at 175&deg; W and IOR at 56.5&deg; E.",Right "AOR-E at 15.5&deg; W, AOR-W at 54&deg; W, POR at 178&deg; E and IOR at 64.5&deg; E.",Left "AOR at 40&deg; W, POR at 178&deg; W, IOR-E at 109&deg; E and IOR-W at 46&deg; E."]


id: 3-96P3
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-96P3" "What are the directional characteristics of the INMARSAT-C SES antenna?" [Left "Highly directional parabolic antenna requiring stabilization.",Left "Wide beam width in a cardioid pattern off the front of the antenna.",Left "Very narrow beam width straight-up from the top of the antenna.",Right "Omnidirectional."]


id: 3-96P4
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-96P4" "When engaging in voice communications via an INMARSAT-B terminal, what techniques are used?" [Right "CODECs are used to digitize the voice signal.",Left "Noise-blanking must be selected by the operator.",Left "The voice signal must be compressed to fit into the allowed bandwidth.",Left "The voice signal will be expanded at the receiving terminal."]


id: 3-96P5
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-96P5" "Which of the following statements concerning INMARSAT geostationary satellites is true?" [Left "They are in a polar orbit, in order to provide true global coverage.",Left "They are in an equatorial orbit, in order to provide true global coverage.",Right "They provide coverage to vessels in nearly all of the world's navigable waters.",Left "Vessels sailing in equatorial waters are able to use only one satellite, whereas other vessels are able to choose between at least two satellites."]


id: 3-96P6
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-96P6" "Which of the following conditions can render INMARSAT -B communications impossible?" [Left "An obstruction, such as a mast, causing disruption of the signal between the satellite and the SES antenna when the vessel is steering a certain course.",Left "A satellite whose signal is on a low elevation, below the horizon.",Left "Travel beyond the effective radius of the satellite.",Right "All of these."]


id: 3-97P1
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-97P1" "What is the best description for the INMARSAT-C system?" [Left "It provides slow speed telex and voice service.",Right "It is a store-and-forward system that provides routine and distress communications.",Left "It is a real-time telex system.",Left "It provides world-wide coverage."]


id: 3-97P2
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-97P2" "The INMARSAT mini-M system is a:" [Left "Marine SONAR system.",Left "Marine global satellite system.",Left "Marine depth finder.",Right "Satellite system utilizing spot beams to provide for small craft communications."]


id: 3-97P3
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-97P3" "What statement best describes the INMARSAT-B services?" [Right "Voice at 16 kbps, Fax at 14.4 kbps and high-speed Data at 64/54.",Left "Store and forward high speed data at 36/48 kbps.",Left "Voice at 3 kHz, Fax at 9.6 kbps and Data at 4.8 kbps.",Left "Service is available only in areas served by highly directional spot beam antennas."]


id: 3-97P4
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-97P4" "Which INMARSAT systems offer High Speed Data at 64/54 kbps?" [Left "C.",Left "B and C.",Left "Mini-M.",Right "B, M4 and Fleet."]


id: 3-97P5
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-97P5" "When INMARSAT-B and INMARSAT-C terminals are compared:" [Right "INMARSAT-C antennas are small and omni-directional, while INMARSAT-B antennas are larger and directional.",Left "INMARSAT-B antennas are bulkier but omni-directional, while INMARSAT-C antennas are smaller and parabolic, for aiming at the satellite.",Left "INMARSAT-B antennas are parabolic and smaller for higher gain, while INMARSAT-C antennas are larger but omni-directional.",Left "INMARSAT-C antennas are smaller but omni-directional, while INMARSAT-B antennas are parabolic for lower gain."]


id: 3-97P6
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-97P6" "What services are provided by the INMARSAT-M service?" [Left "Data and Fax at 4.8 kbps plus e-mail.",Left "Voice at 3 kHz, Fax at 9.6 kbps and Data at 4.8 kbps.",Right "Voice at 6.2 kbps, Data at 2.4 kbps, Fax at 2.4 kbps and e-mail.",Left "Data at 4.8 kbps and Fax at 9.6 kbps plus e-mail."]


id: 3-98P1
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-98P1" "Global Positioning Service (GPS) satellite orbiting altitude is:" [Left "4,686 miles.",Left "24,184 miles.",Right "12,554 miles.",Left "247 miles."]


id: 3-98P2
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-98P2" "The GPS transmitted frequencies are:" [Left "1626.5 MHz and 1644.5 MHz.",Right "1227.6 MHz and 1575.4 MHz.",Left "2245.4 and 2635.4 MHz.",Left "946.2 MHz and 1226.6 MHz."]


id: 3-98P3
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-98P3" "How many GPS satellites are normally in operation?" [Left "8",Left "18",Right "24",Left "36"]


id: 3-98P4
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-98P4" "What best describes the GPS Satellites orbits?" [Right "They are in six orbital planes equally spaced and inclined about 55 degrees to the equator.",Left "They are in four orbital planes spaced 90 degrees in a polar orbit.",Left "They are in a geosynchronous orbit equally spaced around the equator.",Left "They are in eight orbital planes at an altitude of approximately 1,000 miles."]


id: 3-98P5
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-98P5" "How many satellites must be received to provide complete position and time?" [Left "1",Left "2",Left "3",Right "4"]


id: 3-98P6
subelement: P
probdata:
Problem "3-98P6" "What is DGPS?" [Left "Digital Ground Position System.",Right "A system to provide additional correction factors to improve position accuracy.",Left "Correction signals transmitted by satellite.",Left "A system for providing altitude corrections for aircraft."]


id: 3-99Q1
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-99Q1" "Compliance with MPE, or Maximum Permissible Exposure to RF levels (as defined in FCC Part 1, OET Bulletin 65) for \"controlled\" environments, are averaged over _______ minutes, while \"uncontrolled\" RF environments are averaged over ______ minutes." [Right "6, 30.",Left "30, 6.",Left "1, 15.",Left "15, 1."]


id: 3-99Q2
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-99Q2" "Sites having multiple transmitting antennas must include antennas with more than _______% of the maximum permissible power density exposure limit when evaluating RF site exposure." [Left "Any",Right "5",Left "1",Left "12.5"]


id: 3-99Q3
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-99Q3" "RF exposure from portable radio transceivers may be harmful to the eyes because:" [Left "Magnetic fields blur vision.",Left "RF heating polarizes the eye lens.",Left "The magnetic field may attract metal particles to the eye.",Right "RF heating may cause cataracts."]


id: 3-99Q4
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-99Q4" "At what aggregate power level is an MPE (Maximum Permissible Exposure) study required?" [Right "1000 Watts ERP.",Left "500 Watts ERP.",Left "100 Watts ERP.",Left "Not required."]


id: 3-99Q5
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-99Q5" "Why must you never look directly into a fiber optic cable?" [Left "High power light waves can burn the skin surrounding the eye.",Right "An active fiber signal may burn the retina and infra-red light cannot be seen.",Left "The end is easy to break.",Left "The signal is red and you can see it."]


id: 3-99Q6
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-99Q6" "If the MPE (Maximum Permissible Exposure) power is present, how often must the personnel accessing the affected area be trained and certified?" [Left "Weekly.",Left "Monthly.",Right "Yearly.",Left "Not at all."]


id: 3-100Q1
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-100Q1" "What device can protect a transmitting station from a direct lightning hit?" [Left "Lightning protector.",Left "Grounded cabinet.",Left "Short lead in.",Right "There is no device to protect a station from a direct hit from lightning."]


id: 3-100Q2
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-100Q2" "What is the purpose of not putting sharp corners on the ground leads within a building?" [Left "No reason.",Left "It is easier to install.",Right "Lightning will jump off of the ground lead because it is not able to make sharp bends.",Left "Ground leads should always be made to look good in an installation, including the use of sharp bends in the corners."]


id: 3-100Q3
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-100Q3" "Should you use a power drill without eye protection?" [Left "Yes.",Right "No.",Left "It's okay as long as you keep your face away from the drill bit.",Left "Only in an extreme emergency."]


id: 3-100Q4
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-100Q4" "What class of fire is one that is caused by an electrical short circuit and what is the preferred substance used to extinguish that type of fire?" [Left "FE28.",Left "FE29.",Right "FE30.",Left "FE31."]


id: 3-100Q5
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-100Q5" "Do shorted-stub lightning protectors work at all frequencies?" [Left "Yes.",Left "No, the short also kills the radio signals.",Left "No, the short enhances the radio signal at the tuned band.",Right "No, only at the tuned frequency band."]


id: 3-100Q6
subelement: Q
probdata:
Problem "3-100Q6" "What is a GFI electrical socket used for?" [Right "To prevent electrical shock by sensing ground path current and shutting the circuit down.",Left "As a gold plated socket.",Left "To prevent children from sticking objects in the socket.",Left "To increase the current capacity of the socket."]


id: 8-1A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-1A1" "Choose the most correct statement containing the parameters which control the size of the target echo." [Right "Transmitted power, antenna effective area, transmit and receive losses, RADAR cross section of the target, range to target.",Left "Height of antenna, power radiated, size of target, receiver gain, pulse width.",Left "Power radiated, antenna gain, size of target, shape of target, pulse width, receiver gain.",Left "Magnetron gain, antenna gain, size of target, range to target, wave-guide loss."]


id: 8-1A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-1A2" "Which of the following has NO effect on the maximum range capability?" [Left "Carrier frequency.",Right "Recovery time.",Left "Pulse repetition frequency.",Left "Receiver sensitivity."]


id: 8-1A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-1A3" "What type of transmitter power is measured over a period of time?" [Right "Average.",Left "Peak.",Left "Reciprocal.",Left "Return."]


id: 8-1A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-1A4" "What RADAR component controls timing throughout the system?" [Left "Power supply.",Left "Indicator.",Right "Synchronizer.",Left "Receiver."]


id: 8-1A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-1A5" "Which of the following components allows the use of a single antenna for both transmitting and receiving?" [Left "Mixer.",Right "Duplexer.",Left "Synchronizer.",Left "Modulator."]


id: 8-1A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-1A6" "The sweep frequency of a RADAR indicator is determined by what parameter?" [Left "Carrier frequency.",Left "Pulse width.",Left "Duty cycle.",Right "Pulse repetition frequency."]


id: 8-2A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-2A1" "A radio wave will travel a distance of three nautical miles in:" [Left "6.17 microseconds.",Left "37.0 microseconds.",Left "22.76 microseconds.",Right "18.51 microseconds."]


id: 8-2A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-2A2" "One RADAR mile is how many microseconds?" [Left "6.2",Left "528.0",Right "12.34",Left "0.186"]


id: 8-2A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-2A3" "RADAR range is measured by the constant:" [Right "150 meters per microsecond.",Left "150 yards per microsecond.",Left "300 yards per microsecond.",Left "18.6 miles per microsecond."]


id: 8-2A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-2A4" "If a target is 5 miles away, how long does it take for the RADAR echo to be received back at the antenna?" [Left "51.4 microseconds.",Left "123 microseconds.",Left "30.75 microseconds.",Right "61.7 microseconds."]


id: 8-2A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-2A5" "How long would it take for a RADAR pulse to travel to a target 10 nautical miles away and return to the RADAR receiver?" [Left "12.34 microseconds.",Left "1.234 microseconds.",Right "123.4 microseconds.",Left "10 microseconds."]


id: 8-2A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-2A6" "What is the distance in nautical miles to a target if it takes 308.5 microseconds for the RADAR pulse to travel from the RADAR antenna to the target and back." [Left "12.5 nautical miles.",Right "25 nautical miles.",Left "50 nautical miles.",Left "2.5 nautical miles."]


id: 8-3A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-3A1" "Frequencies generally used for marine RADAR are in the ___ part of the radio spectrum." [Left "UHF",Left "EHF",Right "SHF",Left "VHF"]


id: 8-3A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-3A2" "Practical RADAR operation requires the use of microwave frequencies so that:" [Right "Stronger target echoes will be produced.",Left "Ground clutter interference will be minimized.",Left "Interference to other communication systems will be eliminated.",Left "Antennas will be more efficient for both transmitting and receiving."]


id: 8-3A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-3A3" "An S-band RADAR operates in which frequency band?" [Left "1 - 2 GHz.",Left "4 - 8 GHz.",Left "8 - 12 GHz.",Right "2 - 4 GHz."]


id: 8-3A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-3A4" "A RADAR operating at a frequency of 3 GHz has a wavelength of approximately:" [Left "1 centimeter.",Right "10 centimeters.",Left "3 centimeters.",Left "30 centimeters."]


id: 8-3A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-3A5" "The major advantage of an S-band RADAR over an X-band RADAR is:" [Right "It is less affected by weather conditions.",Left "It has greater bearing resolution.",Left "It is mechanically less complex.",Left "It has greater power output."]


id: 8-3A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-3A6" "An X band RADAR operates in which frequency band?" [Left "1 - 2 GHz.",Left "2 - 4 GHz.",Left "4 - 8 GHz.",Right "8 - 12 GHz."]


id: 8-4A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-4A1" "A pulse RADAR has a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 400 Hz, a pulse width of 1 microsecond, and a peak power of 100 kilowatts. The average power of the RADAR transmitter is:" [Left "25 watts.",Right "40 watts.",Left "250 watts.",Left "400 watts."]


id: 8-4A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-4A2" "A shipboard RADAR transmitter has a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 1,000 Hz, a pulse width of 0.5 microseconds, peak power of 150 KW, and a minimum range of 75 meters. Its duty cycle is:" [Left "0.5",Left "0.05",Left "0.005",Right "0.0005"]


id: 8-4A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-4A3" "A pulse RADAR transmits a 0.5 microsecond RF pulse with a peak power of 100 kilowatts every 1600 microseconds. This RADAR has:" [Right "An average power of 31.25 watts.",Left "A PRF of 3,200.",Left "A maximum range of 480 kilometers.",Left "A duty cycle of 3.125 percent."]


id: 8-4A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-4A4" "If a RADAR transmitter has a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 900 Hz, a pulse width of 0.5 microseconds and a peak power of 15 kilowatts, what is its average power output?" [Left "15 kilowatts.",Left "13.5 watts.",Right "6.75 watts.",Left "166.67 watts."]


id: 8-4A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-4A5" "What is the average power if the RADAR set has a PRF of 1000 Hz, a pulse width of 1 microsecond, and a peak power rating of 100 kilowatts?" [Left "10 watts.",Right "100 watts.",Left "1,000 watts.",Left "None of these."]


id: 8-4A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-4A6" "8L37 (C) (250) A search RADAR has a pulse width of 1.0 microsecond, a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 900 Hz, and an average power of 18 watts. The unit's peak power is:" [Left "200 kilowatts.",Left "180 kilowatts.",Right "20 kilowatts.",Left "2 kilowatts."]


id: 8-5A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-5A1" "For a range of 5 nautical miles, the RADAR pulse repetition frequency should be:" [Left "16.2 Hz or more.",Left "16.2 MHz or less.",Left "1.62 kHz or more.",Right "16.2 kHz or less."]


id: 8-5A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-5A2" "For a range of 100 nautical miles, the RADAR pulse repetition frequency should be:" [Left "8.1 kHz or less.",Right "810 Hz or less.",Left "8.1 kHz or more.",Left "81 kHz or more."]


id: 8-5A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-5A3" "The minimum range of a RADAR is determined by:" [Left "The frequency of the RADAR transmitter.",Left "The pulse repetition rate.",Right "The transmitted pulse width.",Left "The pulse repetition frequency."]


id: 8-5A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-5A4" "Short range RADARs would most likely transmit:" [Right "Narrow pulses at a fast rate.",Left "Narrow pulses at a slow rate.",Left "Wide pulses at a fast rate.",Left "Wide pulses at a slow rate."]


id: 8-5A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-5A5" "For a range of 30 nautical miles, the RADAR pulse repetition frequency should be:" [Left "0.27 kHz or less.",Right "2.7 kHz or less.",Left "27 kHz or more.",Left "2.7 Hz or more."]


id: 8-5A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-5A6" "For a range of 10 nautical miles, the RADAR pulse repetition frequency (PRF) should be:" [Right "Approximately 8.1 kHz or less.",Left "900 Hz.",Left "18.1 kHz or more.",Left "120.3 microseconds."]


id: 8-6A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-6A1" "If the PRF is 2500 Hz, what is the PRI?" [Left "40 microseconds.",Right "400 microseconds.",Left "250 microseconds.",Left "800 microseconds."]


id: 8-6A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-6A2" "If the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is 2000 Hz, what is the pulse repetition interval (PRI)?" [Left "0.05 seconds.",Left "0.005 seconds.",Right "0.0005 seconds.",Left "0.00005 seconds."]


id: 8-6A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-6A3" "The pulse repetition rate (PRR) refers to:" [Left "The reciprocal of the duty cycle.",Left "The pulse rate of the local oscillator tube.",Left "The pulse rate of the klystron.",Right "The pulse rate of the magnetron."]


id: 8-6A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-6A4" "If the RADAR unit has a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of 2000 Hz and a pulse width of 0.05 microseconds, what is the duty cycle?" [Right "0.0001",Left "0.0005",Left "0.05",Left "0.001"]


id: 8-6A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-6A5" "Small targets are best detected by:" [Left "Short pulses transmitted at a fast rate.",Left "Using J band frequencies.",Right "Using a long pulse width with high output power.",Left "All of these answers are correct."]


id: 8-6A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-6A6" "What is the relationship between pulse repetition rate and pulse width?" [Left "Higher PRR with wider pulse width.",Left "The pulse repetition rate does not change with the pulse width.",Left "The pulse width does not change with the pulse repetition rate.",Right "Lower PRR with wider pulse width."]


id: 8-7A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-7A1" "What component of a RADAR receiver is represented by block 46 in Fig. 8A1?" [Left "The ATR box.",Right "The TR box.",Left "The RF Attenuator.",Left "The Crystal Detector."]


id: 8-7A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-7A2" "A basic sample-and-hold circuit contains:" [Left "An analog switch and an amplifier.",Left "An analog switch, a capacitor, and an amplifier.",Left "An analog multiplexer and a capacitor.",Right "An analog switch, a capacitor, amplifiers and input and output buffers."]


id: 8-7A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-7A3" "When comparing a TTL and a CMOS NAND gate:" [Right "Both have active pull-up characteristics.",Left "Both have three output states.",Left "Both have comparable input power sourcing.",Left "Both employ Schmitt diodes for increased speed capabilities."]


id: 8-7A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-7A4" "Silicon crystals:" [Left "Are very sensitive to static electric charges.",Left "Should be wrapped in lead foil for storage.",Left "Tolerate very low currents.",Right "All of these."]


id: 8-7A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-7A5" "Which is typical current for a silicon crystal used in a RADAR mixer or detector circuit?" [Right "3 mA",Left "15 mA",Left "50 mA",Left "100 mA"]


id: 8-7A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-7A6" "What component of a RADAR receiver is represented by block 47 in Fig. 8A1?" [Left "The ATR box.",Left "The TR box.",Right "The RF Attenuator.",Left "The Crystal Detector."]


id: 8-8A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-8A1" "The basic frequency determining element in a Gunn oscillator is:" [Left "The power supply voltage.",Left "The type of semiconductor used.",Right "The resonant cavity.",Left "The loading of the oscillator by the mixer."]


id: 8-8A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-8A2" "Which of the following is not a method of analog-to-digital conversion?" [Left "Delta-sigma conversion.",Right "Dynamic-range conversion.",Left "Switched-capacitor conversion.",Left "Dual-slope integration."]


id: 8-8A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-8A3" "When comparing TTL and CMOS logic families, which of the following is true:" [Left "CMOS logic requires a supply voltage of 5 volts (20%, whereas TTL logic requires 5 volts (5%.",Left "Unused inputs should be tied high or low as necessary especially in the CMOS family.",Right "At higher operating frequencies, CMOS circuits consume almost as much power as TTL circuits.",Left "When a CMOS input is held low, it sources current into whatever it drives."]


id: 8-8A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-8A4" "The primary operating frequency of a reflex klystron is controlled by the:" [Right "Dimensions of the resonant cavity.",Left "Level of voltage on the control grid.",Left "Voltage applied to the cavity grids.",Left "Voltage applied to the repeller plate."]


id: 8-8A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-8A5" "A Gunn diode oscillator takes advantage of what effect?" [Left "Negative resistance.",Left "Avalanche transit time.",Left "Bulk-effect.",Right "Negative resistance and bulk-effect."]


id: 8-8A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-8A6" "Fine adjustments of a reflex klystron are accomplished by:" [Left "Adjusting the flexible wall of the cavity.",Right "Varying the repeller voltage.",Left "Adjusting the AFC control system.",Left "Varying the cavity grid potential."]


id: 8-9A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-9A1" "Blocking oscillators operate on the formula of:" [Right "T = R x C.",Left "I = E/R.",Left "By using the receiver's AGC.",Left "None of the above are correct."]


id: 8-9A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-9A2" "The block diagram of a typical RADAR system microprocessor is shown in Fig. 8A2. Choose the most correct statement regarding this system." [Left "The ALU is used for address decoding.",Right "The Memory and I/O communicate with peripherals.",Left "The control unit executes arithmetic manipulations.",Left "The internal bus is used simultaneously by all units."]


id: 8-9A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-9A3" "The phantastron circuit is capable of:" [Left "Stabilizing the magnetron.",Left "Preventing saturation of the RADAR receiver.",Left "Being used to control repeller voltage in the AFC system.",Right "Developing a linear ramp voltage when triggered by an external source."]


id: 8-9A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-9A4" "The block diagram of a typical RADAR system microprocessor is shown in Fig. 8A2. Choose the most correct statement regarding this system." [Right "The ALU executes arithmetic manipulations.",Left "The ALU is used for address decoding.",Left "General registers are used for arithmetic manipulations.",Left "Address pointers are contained in the control unit."]


id: 8-9A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-9A5" "In the Line-Driver/Coax/Line-receiver circuit shown in Fig. 8A3, what component is represented by the blank box marked \"X\"?" [Left "25-ohm resistor.",Right "51-ohm resistor.",Left "10-microhm inductor.",Left "20-microhm inductor."]


id: 8-9A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-9A6" "Choose the most correct statement:" [Left "The magnetron anode is a low voltage circuit.",Left "The anode of the magnetron carries high voltage.",Right "The filament of the magnetron carries dangerous voltages.",Left "The magnetron filament is a low voltage circuit."]


id: 8-10A1
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-10A1" "In the circuit shown in Fig. 8A4, U5 pins 1 and 4 are high and both are in the reset state.  Assume one clock cycle occurs of Clk A followed by one cycle of Clk B. What are the output states of the two D-type flip flops?" [Left "Pin 5 low, Pin 9 low.",Left "Pin 5 high, Pin 9 low.",Left "Pin 5 low, Pin 9 high.",Right "Pin 5 high, Pin 9 high."]


id: 8-10A2
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-10A2" "If more light strikes the photodiode in Fig. 8A5, there will be:" [Left "Less diode current.",Left "No change in diode current.",Right "More diode current.",Left "There is wrong polarity on the diode."]


id: 8-10A3
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-10A3" "In the circuit shown in Fig. 8A6, which of the following is true?" [Left "With A and B high, Q1 is saturated and Q2 is off.",Right "With either A or B low, Q1 is saturated and Q2 is off.",Left "With A and B low, Q2 is on and Q4  is off.",Left "With either A or B low, Q1 is off and Q2 is on."]


id: 8-10A4
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-10A4" "What is the correct value of RS in Fig. 8A7, if the voltage across the LED is 1.9 Volts with 5 Volts applied and If max equals 40 milliamps?" [Left "4,700 ohms.",Left "155 ohms.",Right "77 ohms.",Left "10,000 ohms."]


id: 8-10A5
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-10A5" "The block diagram of a typical RADAR system microprocessor is shown in Fig. 8A2. Choose the most correct statement regarding this system." [Left "The ALU is used for address decoding.",Left "General registers are used for arithmetic manipulations.",Left "The control unit executes arithmetic manipulations.",Right "Address pointers are contained in the general registers."]


id: 8-10A6
subelement: A
probdata:
Problem "8-10A6" "You are troubleshooting a component on a printed circuit board in a RADAR system while referencing the Truth Table in Fig. 8A8. What kind of integrated circuit is the component?" [Right "D-type Flip-Flop, 3-State, Inverting.",Left "Q-type Flip-Flop, Non-Inverting.",Left "Q-type Directional Shift Register, Dual.",Left "D to Q Convertor, 2-State."]


id: 8-11B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-11B1" "The magnetron is used to:" [Right "Generate the output signal at the proper operating frequency.",Left "Determine the shape and width of the transmitted pulses.",Left "Modulate the pulse signal.",Left "Determine the pulse repetition rate."]


id: 8-11B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-11B2" "The purpose of the modulator is to:" [Left "Transmit the high voltage pulses to the antenna.",Right "Provide high voltage pulses of the proper shape and width to the magnetron.",Left "Adjust the pulse repetition rate.",Left "Tune the Magnetron to the proper frequency."]


id: 8-11B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-11B3" "Which of the following statements about most modern RADAR transmitter power supplies is false?" [Right "High voltage supplies may produce voltages in excess of 5,000 volts AC.",Left "There are usually separate low voltage and high voltage supplies.",Left "Low voltage supplies use switching circuits to deliver multiple voltages.",Left "Low voltage supplies may supply both AC and DC voltages."]


id: 8-11B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-11B4" "The purpose of the Pulse Forming Network is to:" [Left "Act as a low pass filter.",Left "Act as a high pass filter.",Right "Produce a pulse of the correct width.",Left "Regulate the pulse repetition rate."]


id: 8-11B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-11B5" "The purpose of the Synchronizer is to:" [Left "Generate the modulating pulse to the magnetron.",Right "Generate a timing signal that establishes the pulse repetition rate.",Left "Insure that the TR tube conducts at the proper time.",Left "Control the pulse width."]


id: 8-11B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-11B6" "Which of the following is not part of the transmitting system?" [Left "Magnetron.",Left "Modulator.",Left "Pulse Forming Network.",Right "Klystron."]


id: 8-12B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-12B1" "High voltage is applied to what element of the magnetron?" [Left "The waveguide.",Left "The anode.",Left "The plate cap.",Right "The cathode."]


id: 8-12B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-12B2" "The characteristic of the magnetron output pulse that relates to accurate range measurement is its:" [Left "Amplitude.",Left "Decay time.",Right "Rise time.",Left "Duration."]


id: 8-12B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-12B3" "What device is used as a transmitter in a marine RADAR system?" [Right "Magnetron.",Left "Klystron.",Left "Beam-powered pentode.",Left "Thyratron."]


id: 8-12B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-12B4" "The magnetron is:" [Left "A type of diode that requires an internal magnetic field.",Left "A triode that requires an external magnetic field.",Left "Used as the local oscillator in the RADAR unit.",Right "A type of diode that requires an external magnetic field."]


id: 8-12B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-12B5" "A negative voltage is commonly applied to the magnetron cathode rather than a positive voltage to the magnetron anode because:" [Left "The cathode must be made neutral to force electrons into the drift area.",Left "A positive voltage would tend to nullify or weaken the magnetic field.",Right "The anode can be operated at ground potential for safety reasons.",Left "The cavities might not be shock-excited into oscillation by a positive voltage."]


id: 8-12B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-12B6" "The anode of a magnetron is normally maintained at ground potential:" [Left "Because it operates more efficiently that way.",Right "For safety purposes.",Left "Never. It must be highly positive to attract the electrons.",Left "Because greater peak-power ratings can be achieved."]


id: 8-13B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-13B1" "In a solid-state RADAR modulator, the duration of the transmitted pulse is determined by:" [Left "The thyratron.",Left "The magnetron voltage.",Right "The pulse forming network.",Left "The trigger pulse."]


id: 8-13B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-13B2" "The modulation frequency of most RADAR systems is between:" [Right "60 and 500 Hz.",Left "3000 and 6000 Hz.",Left "1500 and 7500 Hz.",Left "1000 and 3000 Hz."]


id: 8-13B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-13B3" "A shipboard RADAR uses a PFN driving a magnetron cathode through a step-up transformer. This results in which type of modulation?" [Left "Frequency modulation.",Left "Amplitude modulation.",Left "Continuous Wave (CW) modulation.",Right "Pulse modulation."]


id: 8-13B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-13B4" "In a pulse modulated magnetron what device determines the shape and width of the pulse?" [Right "Pulse Forming Network.",Left "Thyratron.",Left "LC parallel circuit.",Left "Dimensions of the magnetron cavity."]


id: 8-13B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-13B5" "What device(s) may act as the modulator of a RADAR system?" [Left "Magnetron.",Left "Klystron.",Left "Video amplifier.",Right "Thyratron or a silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR)."]


id: 8-13B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-13B6" "The purpose of a modulator in the transmitter section of a RADAR is to:" [Left "Improve bearing resolution.",Right "Provide the correct waveform to the transmitter.",Left "Prevent sea return.",Left "Control magnetron power output."]


id: 8-14B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-14B1" "The pulse developed by the modulator may have an amplitude greater than the supply voltage. This is possible by:" [Left "Using a voltage multiplier circuit.",Right "Employing a resonant charging choke.",Left "Discharging a capacitor through an inductor.",Left "Discharging two capacitors in series and combining their charges."]


id: 8-14B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-14B2" "Pulse transformers and pulse-forming networks are commonly used to shape the microwave energy burst RADAR transmitter. The switching devices most often used in such pulse-forming circuits are:" [Left "Power MOSFETS and Triacs.",Left "Switching transistors.",Left "Thyratrons and BJT's.",Right "SCR's and Thyratrons."]


id: 8-14B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-14B3" "The purpose of the pulse-forming network is to:" [Right "Determine the width of the modulating pulses.",Left "Determine the pulse repetition rate.",Left "Act as a high pass filter.",Left "Act as a log pass filter."]


id: 8-14B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-14B4" "The shape and duration of the high-voltage pulse delivered to the magnetron is established by:" [Left "An RC network in the keyer stage.",Left "The duration of the modulator input trigger.",Right "An artificial delay line.",Left "The time required to saturate the pulse transformer."]


id: 8-14B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-14B5" "Pulse-forming networks are usually composed of the following:" [Left "Series capacitors and shunt inductors.",Right "Series inductors and shunt capacitors.",Left "Resonant circuit with an inductor and capacitor.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-14B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-14B6" "An artificial transmission line is used for:" [Left "The transmission of RADAR pulses.",Left "Testing the RADAR unit, when actual targets are not available.",Right "Determining the shape and duration of pulses.",Left "Testing the delay time for artificial targets."]


id: 8-15B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-15B1" "The ferrite material in a circulator is used as a(an):" [Left "Electric switch.",Left "Saturated reactor.",Left "Loading element.",Right "Phase shifter."]


id: 8-15B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-15B2" "In a circular resonant cavity with flat ends, the E-field and the H-field form with specific relationships. The:" [Left "E-lines are parallel to the top and bottom walls.",Right "E-lines are perpendicular to the end walls.",Left "H-lines are perpendicular to the side walls.",Left "H-lines are circular to the end walls."]


id: 8-15B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-15B3" "A ferrite circulator is most commonly used in what portion of a RADAR system?" [Left "The antenna.",Left "The modulator.",Right "The duplexer.",Left "The receiver."]


id: 8-15B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-15B4" "A circulator provides what function in the RF section of a RADAR system?" [Right "It replaces the TR cell and functions as a duplexer.",Left "It cools the magnetron by forcing a flow of circulating air.",Left "It permits tests to be made to the thyristors while in use.",Left "It transmits antenna position to the indicator during operation."]


id: 8-15B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-15B5" "A directional coupler has an attenuation of -30 db. A measurement of 100 milliwatts at the coupler indicates the power of the line is:" [Left "10 watts.",Right "100 watts.",Left "1,000 watts.",Left "10,000 watts."]


id: 8-15B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-15B6" "What is the purpose or function of the RADAR duplexer/circulator?" [Right "An electronic switch that allows the use of one antenna for both transmission and reception.",Left "A coupling device that is used in the transition from a rectangular waveguide to a circular waveguide.",Left "A modified length of waveguide used to sample a portion of the transmitted energy for testing purposes.",Left "A dual section coupling device that allows the use of a magnetron as a transmitter."]


id: 8-16B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-16B1" "The ATR box:" [Left "Protects the receiver from strong RADAR signals.",Right "Prevents the received signal from entering the transmitter.",Left "Turns off the receiver when the transmitter is on.",Left "All of the above."]


id: 8-16B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-16B2" "When a pulse RADAR is radiating, which elements in the TR box are energized?" [Left "The TR tube only.",Left "The ATR tube only.",Right "Both the TR and ATR tubes.",Left "Neither the TR nor ATR tubes."]


id: 8-16B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-16B3" "The TR box:" [Left "Prevents the received signal from entering the transmitter.",Left "Protects the receiver from the strong RADAR pulses.",Left "Turns off the receiver when the transmitter is on.",Right "Protects the receiver from the strong RADAR pulses and mutes the receiver when the transmitter is on."]


id: 8-16B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-16B4" "What device is located between the magnetron and the mixer and prevents received signals from entering the magnetron?" [Right "The ATR tube.",Left "The TR tube.",Left "The RF Attenuator.",Left "A resonant cavity."]


id: 8-16B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-16B5" "A keep-alive voltage is applied to:" [Left "The crystal detector.",Left "The ATR tube.",Right "The TR tube.",Left "The magnetron."]


id: 8-16B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-16B6" "A DC keep-alive potential:" [Left "Is applied to a TR tube to make it more sensitive.",Left "Partially ionizes the gas in a TR tube, making it very sensitive to transmitter pulses.",Left "Fully ionizes the gas in a TR tube.",Right "Is applied to a TR tube to make it more sensitive and partially ionizes the gas in a TR tube."]


id: 8-17B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-17B1" "What RADAR circuit determines the pulse repetition rate (PRR)?" [Left "Discriminator.",Right "Timer (synchronizer circuit).",Left "Artificial transmission line.",Left "Pulse-rate-indicator circuit."]


id: 8-17B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-17B2" "The triggering section is also known as the:" [Left "PFN.",Left "Timer circuit.",Left "Blocking oscillator.",Right "Synchronizer."]


id: 8-17B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-17B3" "Operation of any RADAR system begins in the:" [Right "Triggering section.",Left "Magnetron.",Left "AFC.",Left "PFN."]


id: 8-17B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-17B4" "The timer circuit:" [Left "Determines the pulse repetition rate (PRR).",Left "Determines range markers.",Left "Provides blanking and unblanking signals for the CRT.",Right "All of the above"]


id: 8-17B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-17B5" "Pulse RADARs require precise timing for their operation. Which type circuit below might best be used to provide these accurate timing pulses?" [Right "Single-swing blocking oscillator.",Left "AFC controlled sinewave oscillator.",Left "Non-symmetrical astable multivibrator.",Left "Triggered flip-flop type multivibrator."]


id: 8-17B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-17B6" "Unblanking pulses are produced by the timer circuit. Where are they sent?" [Left "IF amplifiers.",Left "Mixer.",Right "CRT.",Left "Discriminator."]


id: 8-18B1
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-18B1" "An advantage of resonant charging is that it:" [Left "Eliminates the need for a reverse current diode.",Left "Guarantees perfectly square output pulses.",Right "Reduces the high-voltage power supply requirements.",Left "Maintains a constant magnetron output frequency."]


id: 8-18B2
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-18B2" "The characteristics of a field-effect transistor (FET) used in a modern RADAR switching power supply can be compared as follows:" [Left "\"On\" state compares to a bipolar transistor. \"Off\" state compares to a 1-Megohm resistor.",Right "\"On\" state compares to a pure resistor. \"Off\" state compares to a mechanical relay.",Left "\"On\" state compares to an low resistance inductor. \"Off\" state compares to a 10-Megohm resistor.",Left "\"On\" state compares to a resistor. \"Off\" state compares to a capacitor."]


id: 8-18B3
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-18B3" "A pulse-width modulator in a switching power supply is used to:" [Left "Provide the reference voltage for the regulator.",Left "Vary the frequency of the switching regulator to control the output voltage.",Right "Vary the duty cycle of the regulator switch to control the output voltage.",Left "Compare the reference voltage with the output voltage sample and produce an error voltage."]


id: 8-18B4
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-18B4" "In a fixed-frequency switching power supply, the pulse width of the switching circuit will increase when:" [Right "The load impedance decreases.",Left "The load current decreases.",Left "The output voltage increases.",Left "The input voltage increases."]


id: 8-18B5
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-18B5" "A major consideration for the use of a switching regulator power supply over a linear regulator is:" [Left "The switching regulator has better regulation.",Left "The linear regulator does not require a transformer to step down AC line voltages to a usable level.",Left "The switching regulator can be used in nearly all applications requiring regulated voltage.",Right "The overall efficiency of a switching regulator is much higher than a linear power supply."]


id: 8-18B6
subelement: B
probdata:
Problem "8-18B6" "Which of the following characteristics are true of a power MOSFET used in a RADAR switching supply?" [Left "Low input impedance; failure mode can be gate punch-through.",Right "High input impedance; failure mode can be gate punch-through.",Left "High input impedance; failure mode can be thermal runaway.",Left "Low input impedance; failure mode can be gate breakdown."]


id: 8-19C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-19C1" "Which of the following statements is true?" [Right "The front end of the receiver does not provide any amplification to the RADAR signal.",Left "The mixer provides a gain of at least 6 db.",Left "The I.F. amplifier is always a high gain, narrow bandwidth amplifier.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-19C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-19C2" "Logarithmic receivers:" [Left "Can't be damaged.",Right "Can't be saturated.",Left "Should not be used in RADAR systems.",Left "Have low sensitivity."]


id: 8-19C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-19C3" "RADAR receivers are similar to:" [Left "FM receivers.",Left "HF receivers.",Left "T.V. receivers.",Right "Microwave receivers."]


id: 8-19C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-19C4" "What section of the receiving system sends signals to the display system?" [Right "Video amplifier.",Left "Audio amplifier.",Left "I.F. Amplifier.",Left "Resolver."]


id: 8-19C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-19C5" "What is the main difference between an analog and a digital receiver?" [Left "Special amplification circuitry.",Right "The presence of decision circuitry to distinguish between \"on\" and \"off\" signal levels.",Left "An AGC stage is not required in a digital receiver.",Left "Digital receivers produce no distortion."]


id: 8-19C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-19C6" "In a RADAR receiver, the RF power amplifier:" [Left "Is high gain.",Left "Is low gain.",Right "Does not exist.",Left "Requires wide bandwidth."]


id: 8-20C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-20C1" "The diagram in Fig. 8C9 shows a simplified RADAR mixer circuit using a crystal diode as the first detector. What is the output of the circuit when no echoes are being received?" [Left "60 MHz CW.",Left "4095 MHz CW.",Left "4155 MHz CW.",Right "No output is developed."]


id: 8-20C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-20C2" "In the receive mode, frequency conversion is generally accomplished by a:" [Left "Tunable wave-guide section.",Left "Pentagrid converter.",Right "Crystal diode.",Left "Ferrite device."]


id: 8-20C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-20C3" "An RF mixer has what purpose in a RADAR system?" [Left "Mixes the CW transmitter output to form pulsed waves.",Right "Converts a low-level signal to a different frequency.",Left "Prevents microwave oscillations from reaching the antenna.",Left "Combines audio tones with RF to produce the RADAR signal."]


id: 8-20C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-20C4" "In a RADAR unit, the mixer uses a:" [Left "Pentagrid converter tube.",Left "Field-effect transistor.",Right "Silicon crystal or PIN diode.",Left "Microwave transistor."]


id: 8-20C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-20C5" "What component of a RADAR receiver is represented by block 49 in Fig. 8A1?" [Left "Discriminator.",Left "IF amplifier.",Left "Klystron.",Right "Crystal detector (the mixer)."]


id: 8-20C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-20C6" "In a RADAR unit, the mixer uses:" [Right "PIN diodes and silicon crystals.",Left "PIN diodes.",Left "Boettcher crystals.",Left "Silicon crystals."]


id: 8-21C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-21C1" "The error voltage from the discriminator is applied to the:" [Right "Repeller (reflector) of the klystron.",Left "Grids of the IF amplifier.",Left "Grids of the RF amplifiers.",Left "Magnetron."]


id: 8-21C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-21C2" "In a RADAR unit, the local oscillator is a:" [Left "Hydrogen Thyratron.",Right "Klystron.",Left "Pentagrid converter tube.",Left "Reactance tube modulator."]


id: 8-21C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-21C3" "What component of a RADAR receiver is represented by block 48 in Fig. 8A1?" [Right "Klystron (local oscillator).",Left "Discriminator.",Left "IF amplifier.",Left "Crystal detector."]


id: 8-21C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-21C4" "What device(s) could be used as the local oscillator in a RADAR receiver?" [Left "Thyratron",Left "Klystron",Right "Klystron and a Gunn Diode",Left "Gunn diode"]


id: 8-21C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-21C5" "The klystron local oscillator is constantly kept on frequency by:" [Left "Constant manual adjustments.",Right "The Automatic Frequency Control circuit.",Left "A feedback loop from the crystal detector.",Left "A feedback loop from the TR box."]


id: 8-21C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-21C6" "How may the frequency of the klystron be varied?" [Left "Small changes can be made by adjusting the anode voltage.",Left "Large changes can be made by adjusting the frequency.",Left "By changing the phasing of the buncher grids",Right "Small changes can be made by adjusting the repeller voltage and large changes can be made by adjusting the size of the resonant cavity."]


id: 8-22C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-22C1" "Overcoupling in a RADAR receiver will cause?" [Left "Improved target returns.",Left "Increase the range of the IAGC.",Left "Decrease noise.",Right "Oscillations."]


id: 8-22C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-22C2" "The usual intermediate frequency of a shipboard RADAR unit is:" [Left "455 kHz.",Left "10.7 MHz.",Right "30 or 60 MHz.",Left "120 MHz."]


id: 8-22C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-22C3" "The I.F. Amplifier bandwidth is:" [Right "Wide for short ranges and narrow for long ranges.",Left "Wide for long ranges and narrow for short ranges.",Left "Constant for all ranges.",Left "Adjustable from the control panel."]


id: 8-22C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-22C4" "A logarithmic IF amplifier is preferable to a linear IF amplifier in a RADAR receiver because it:" [Left "Has higher gain.",Left "Is more easily aligned.",Left "Has a lower noise figure.",Right "Has a greater dynamic range."]


id: 8-22C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-22C5" "The high-gain IF amplifiers in a RADAR receiver may amplify a 2 microvolt input signal to an output level of 2 volts. This amount of amplification represents a gain of:" [Left "60 db.",Left "100 db.",Right "120 db.",Left "1,000 db."]


id: 8-22C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-22C6" "In a RADAR receiver AGC and IAGC can vary between:" [Left "10 and 15 db.",Right "20 and 40 db.",Left "30 and 60 db.",Left "5 and 30 db."]


id: 8-23C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-23C1" "Which of the following statements is correct?" [Left "The video amplifier is located between the mixer and the I.F. amplifier.",Left "The video amplifier operates between 60 MHz and 120 Mhz.",Right "The video amplifier is located between the I.F. amplifier and the display system.",Left "The video amplifier is located between the local oscillator and the mixer."]


id: 8-23C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-23C2" "Video amplifiers in pulse RADAR receivers must have a broad bandwidth because:" [Right "Weak pulses must be amplified.",Left "High frequency sine waves must be amplified.",Left "The RADARs operate at PRFs above 100.",Left "The pulses produced are normally too wide for video amplification."]


id: 8-23C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-23C3" "In video amplifiers, compensation for the input and output stage capacitances must be accomplished to prevent distorting the video pulses. This compensation is normally accomplished by connecting:" [Left "Inductors in parallel with both the input and output capacitances.",Left "Resistances in parallel with both the input and output capacitances.",Left "An inductor in parallel with the input capacitance and an inductor in series with the output capacitance.",Right "An inductor in series with the input capacitance and an inductor in parallel with the output capacitance."]


id: 8-23C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-23C4" "Which of the following signals is not usually an input to the video amplifier?" [Right "Resolver.",Left "Range.",Left "Brilliance.",Left "Contrast."]


id: 8-23C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-23C5" "Which of the following signals are usually an input to the video amplifier?" [Left "Range.",Left "Brilliance.",Left "Contrast.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 8-23C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-23C6" "The video (second) detector in a pulse modulated RADAR system would most likely use a/an:" [Left "Discriminator detector.",Right "Diode detector.",Left "Ratio detector.",Left "Infinite impedance detector."]


id: 8-24C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-24C1" "The AFC system is used to:" [Left "Control the frequency of the magnetron.",Right "Control the frequency of the klystron.",Left "Control the receiver gain.",Left "Control the frequency of the incoming pulses."]


id: 8-24C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-24C2" "A circuit used to develop AFC voltage in a RADAR receiver is called the:" [Left "Peak detector.",Left "Crystal mixer.",Left "Second detector.",Right "Discriminator."]


id: 8-24C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-24C3" "In the AFC system, the discriminator compares the frequencies of the:" [Right "Magnetron and klystron.",Left "PRR generator and magnetron.",Left "Magnetron and crystal detector.",Left "Magnetron and video amplifier."]


id: 8-24C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-24C4" "An AFC system keeps the receiver tuned to the transmitted signal by varying the frequency of the:" [Left "Magnetron.",Left "IF amplifier stage.",Right "Local oscillator.",Left "Cavity duplexer."]


id: 8-24C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-24C5" "A RADAR transmitter is operating on 3.0 GHz and the reflex klystron local oscillator, operating at 3.060 GHz, develops a 60 MHz IF. If the magnetron drifts higher in frequency, the AFC system must cause the klystron repeller plate to become:" [Left "More positive.",Right "More negative.",Left "Less positive.",Left "Less negative."]


id: 8-24C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-24C6" "What component is block 50 in Fig. 8A1?" [Left "IF amplifier.",Left "AFC amplifier.",Right "Discriminator.",Left "Crystal detector."]


id: 8-25C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-25C1" "The STC circuit is used to:" [Left "Increase receiver stability.",Left "Increase receiver sensitivity.",Left "Increase receiver selectivity.",Right "Decrease sea return on a RADAR receiver."]


id: 8-25C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-25C2" "The STC circuit:" [Left "Increases the sensitivity of the receiver for close targets.",Right "Decreases sea return on the PPI scope.",Left "Helps to increase the bearing resolution of targets.",Left "Increases sea return on the PPI scope."]


id: 8-25C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-25C3" "Sea return is:" [Left "Sea water that gets into the antenna system.",Left "The return echo from a target at sea.",Right "The reflection of RADAR signals from nearby waves.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-25C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-25C4" "Sea clutter on the RADAR scope cannot be effectively reduced using front panel controls. What circuit would you suspect is faulty?" [Right "Sensitivity Time Control (STC) circuit.",Left "False Target Eliminator (FTE) circuit.",Left "Fast Time Constant (FTC) circuit.",Left "Intermediate Frequency (IF) circuit."]


id: 8-25C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-25C5" "What circuit controls the suppression of sea clutter?" [Left "EBL circuit.",Right "STC circuit.",Left "Local oscillator.",Left "Audio amplifier."]


id: 8-25C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-25C6" "The sensitivity time control (STC) circuit:" [Right "Decreases the sensitivity of the receiver for close objects.",Left "Increases the sensitivity of the receiver for close objects.",Left "Increases the sensitivity of the receiver for distant objects.",Left "Decreases the sensitivity of the transmitter for close objects."]


id: 8-26C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-26C1" "Prior to making \"power-on\" measurements on a switching power supply, you should be familiar with the supply because of the following:" [Left "You need to know where the filter capacitors are so they can be discharged.",Right "If it does not use a line isolation transformer you may destroy the supply with grounded test equipment.",Left "It is not possible to cause a component failure by using ungrounded test equipment.",Left "So that measurements can be made without referring to the schematic."]


id: 8-26C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-26C2" "A constant frequency switching power supply regulator with an input voltage of 165 volts DC, and a switching frequency of 20 kHz, has an \"ON\" time of 27 microseconds when supplying 1 ampere to its load. What is the output voltage across the load?" [Left "It cannot be determined with the information given.",Left "305.55 volts DC.",Right "89.1 volts DC.",Left "165 volts DC."]


id: 8-26C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-26C3" "The circuit shown in Fig. 8C10 is the output of a switching power supply. Measuring from the junction of CR6, CR7 and L1 to ground with an oscilloscope, what waveform would you expect to see?" [Left "Filtered DC.",Left "Pulsating DC at line frequency.",Left "AC at line frequency.",Right "Pulsating DC much higher than line frequency."]


id: 8-26C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-26C4" "With regard to the comparator shown in Fig. 8C11, the input is a sinusoid. Nominal high level output of the comparator is 4.5 volts. Choose the most correct statement regarding the input and output." [Right "The leading edge of the output waveform occurs 180 degrees after positive zero crossing of the input waveform.",Left "The rising edge of the output waveform trails the positive zero crossing of the input waveform by 45 degrees.",Left "The rising edge of the output waveform trails the negative zero crossing of the input waveform by 45 degrees.",Left "The rising edge of the output waveform trails the positive peak of the input waveform by 45 degrees."]


id: 8-26C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-26C5" "When monitoring the gate voltage of a power MOSFET in the switching power supply of a modern RADAR, you would expect to see the gate voltage change from \"low\" to \"high\" by how much?" [Left "1 volt to 2 volts.",Left "300 microvolts to 700 microvolts.",Right "Greater than 2 volts.",Left "1.0 volt to 20.0 volts."]


id: 8-26C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-26C6" "The nominal output high of the comparator shown in Fig. 8C11 is 4.5 volts. Choose the most correct statement which describes the trip points." [Left "Upper trip point is 4.5 volts. Lower trip point is approximately 0 volts.",Left "Upper trip point is 2.5 volts. Lower trip point is approximately 2.0 volts.",Left "Upper trip point is 900 microvolts. Lower trip point is approximately 0 volts.",Right "Upper trip point is +1.285 volts. Lower trip point is -1.285 volts."]


id: 8-27C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-27C1" "One of the best methods of reducing noise in a RADAR receiver is?" [Left "Changing the frequency.",Right "Isolation.",Left "Replacing the resonant cavity.",Left "Changing the IF strip."]


id: 8-27C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-27C2" "The primary cause of noise in a RADAR receiver can be attributed to:" [Left "Electrical causes.",Left "Atmospheric changes.",Left "Poor grounding.",Right "Thermal noise caused by RADAR receiver components."]


id: 8-27C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-27C3" "Noise can appear on the LCD as:" [Right "Erratic video and sharp changes in intensity.",Left "Black spots on the screen.",Left "Changes in bearings.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-27C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-27C4" "RADAR interference on a communications receiver appears as:" [Left "A varying tone.",Left "Static.",Left "A hissing tone.",Right "A steady tone."]


id: 8-27C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-27C5" "In a RADAR receiver the most common types of interference are?" [Right "Weather and sea return.",Left "Sea return and thermal.",Left "Weather and electrical.",Left "Jamming and electrical."]


id: 8-27C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-27C6" "Noise can:" [Left "Mask larger targets.",Left "Change bearings.",Right "Mask small targets.",Left "Increase RADAR transmitter interference."]


id: 8-28C1
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-28C1" "The purpose of the discriminator circuit in a RADAR set is to:" [Left "Discriminate against nearby objects.",Left "Discriminate against two objects with very similar bearings.",Right "Generate a corrective voltage for controlling the frequency of the klystron local oscillator.",Left "Demodulate or remove the intelligence from the FM signal."]


id: 8-28C2
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-28C2" "The MTI circuit:" [Left "Acts as a mixer in a RADAR receiver.",Right "Is a filter, which blocks out stationary targets, allowing only moving targets to be detected.",Left "Is used to monitor transmitter interference.",Left "Will pick up targets, which are not in motion."]


id: 8-28C3
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-28C3" "Where is a RF attenuator used in a RADAR unit?" [Left "Between the antenna and the receiver.",Left "Between the magnetron and the antenna.",Right "Between the magnetron and the AFC section of the receiver.",Left "Between the AFC section and the klystron."]


id: 8-28C4
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-28C4" "The condition known as \"glint\" refers to a shifting of clutter with each RADAR pulse and can be caused by a:" [Right "Improperly functioning MTI filter.",Left "Memory failure.",Left "Low AFC voltage.",Left "Interference from electrical equipment."]


id: 8-28C5
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-28C5" "An ion discharge (TR) cell is used to:" [Left "Protect the transmitter from high SWRs.",Left "Lower the noise figure of the receiver.",Left "Tune the local oscillator of the RADAR receiver.",Right "Protect the receiver mixer during the transmit pulse."]


id: 8-28C6
subelement: C
probdata:
Problem "8-28C6" "When the receiver employs an MTI circuit:" [Left "The receiver gain increases with time.",Right "Only moving targets will be displayed.",Left "The receiver AGC circuits are disabled.",Left "Ground clutter will be free of \"rabbits.\""]


id: 8-29D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-29D1" "Modern liquid crystal displays have a pixel count of:" [Right "Greater than 200 pixels per inch.",Left "Greater than 50 pixels per inch.",Left "Can have no more than 125 pixels per inch.",Left "Can implement 1,000 pixels per inch."]


id: 8-29D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-29D2" "Voltages used in CRT anode circuits are in what range of value?" [Left "0.5-10 mV.",Right "10-50 kV.",Left "20-50 mV.",Left "200-1000 V."]


id: 8-29D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-29D3" "The purpose of the aquadag coating on the CRT is:" [Left "To protect the electrons from strong electric fields.",Left "To act as a second anode.",Left "To attract secondary emissions from the CRT screen.",Right "All of the above"]


id: 8-29D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-29D4" "LCD patterns are formed when:" [Right "Current passes through the crystal causing them to align.",Left "When voltage is reduced to the raster scan display.",Left "When the deflection coils are resonant.",Left "When the ships antenna's bearing is true north."]


id: 8-29D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-29D5" "In a raster-type display, the electron beam is scanned:" [Left "From the center of the display to the outer edges.",Right "Horizontally and vertically across the CRT face.",Left "In a rotating pattern which follows the antenna position.",Left "From one specified X-Y coordinate to the next."]


id: 8-29D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-29D6" "Select the statement, which is most correct regarding a raster scan display." [Left "Raster displays are the same as conventional T.V. receivers.",Left "The scan rate for a RADAR system is 30 frames per second.",Right "Raster scanning is controlled by clock pulses and requires an address bus.",Left "Raster scanning is not used in RADAR systems."]


id: 8-30D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-30D1" "What are the usual input signals to the video amplifier?" [Left "Low level video.",Left "Fixed range rings.",Left "Variable range rings.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 8-30D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-30D2" "Which of the following would not normally be an input to the video amplifier?" [Left "Fixed range rings.",Left "Variable range rings.",Right "Resolver signal.",Left "Low level video."]


id: 8-30D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-30D3" "The purpose of the sweep amplifier is to:" [Left "Increase the power of the video amplifier.",Right "Drive the CRT deflection coils.",Left "Drive the resolver coils.",Left "All of the above."]


id: 8-30D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-30D4" "How many deflection coils are driven by the sweep amplifier?" [Left "4",Left "3",Right "2",Left "1"]


id: 8-30D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-30D5" "The main purpose of the sweep generator is to provide:" [Left "Antenna information.",Left "Range rings.",Left "Composite video to the cathode of the CRT.",Right "The drive signal to the sweep amplifier."]


id: 8-30D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-30D6" "The main purpose of the video amplifier is to provide:" [Right "Composite video to the cathode of the CRT.",Left "Resolver signals",Left "Antenna X and Y signals.",Left "Provide the drive signal to the sweep amplifier."]


id: 8-31D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-31D1" "Timing circuits are used to provide what function?" [Right "Develop synchronizing pulses for the transmitter system.",Left "Synchronize the antenna and display system.",Left "Adjust the sea return.",Left "Control the North Up presentation."]


id: 8-31D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-31D2" "The circuit that develops timing signals is called the:" [Left "Resolver.",Right "Synchronizer.",Left "Pulse forming network.",Left "Video amplifier."]


id: 8-31D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-31D3" "Which of the following functions is not affected by the timing circuit?" [Right "Resolver output.",Left "Pulse repetition frequency.",Left "Sweep drive.",Left "Modulation."]


id: 8-31D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-31D4" "The synchronizer primarily affects the following circuit or function:" [Left "Mixer.",Left "Receiver.",Right "Modulator.",Left "I.F. Amplifier."]


id: 8-31D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-31D5" "The output from the synchronizer usually consists of a:" [Left "Sine wave.",Right "Pulse or square wave.",Left "Triangle wave.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-31D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-31D6" "The sweep drive is initiated by what circuit?" [Left "Resolver.",Left "Sweep amplifier.",Left "Video amplifier.",Right "Synchronizer."]


id: 8-32D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-32D1" "Accurate range markers must be developed using very narrow pulses. A circuit that could be used to provide these high-quality pulses for the CRT is a:" [Left "Ringing oscillator.",Left "Monostable multivibrator.",Left "Triggered bi-stable multivibrator.",Right "Blocking oscillator."]


id: 8-32D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-32D2" "Range markers are determined by:" [Left "The CRT.",Left "The magnetron.",Right "The timer.",Left "The video amplifier."]


id: 8-32D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-32D3" "A gated LC oscillator, operating at 27 kHz, is being used to develop range markers. If each cycle is converted to a range mark, the range between markers will be:" [Right "3 nautical miles.",Left "6 nautical miles.",Left "8 nautical miles.",Left "12 nautical miles."]


id: 8-32D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-32D4" "What would be the frequency of a range ring marker oscillator generating range rings at 10 nautical miles intervals?" [Left "24 kHz",Left "16 kHz",Left "12 kHz",Right "8 kHz"]


id: 8-32D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-32D5" "What is the distance between range markers if the controlling oscillator is operating at 20 kHz?" [Left "1 nautical miles.",Left "2 nautical miles.",Right "4 nautical miles.",Left "8 nautical miles."]


id: 8-32D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-32D6" "What would be the frequency of a range ring marker oscillator generating range rings at intervals of 0.25 nautical miles?" [Left "161 kHz",Right "322 kHz",Left "644 kHz",Left "1288 kHz"]


id: 8-33D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-33D1" "The variable range marker signal is normally fed to the input of the:" [Left "Sweep amplifier.",Left "Low voltage power supply regulator.",Right "Video amplifier.",Left "Range ring oscillator."]


id: 8-33D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-33D2" "The purpose of the variable range marker is to:" [Right "Provide an accurate means of determining the range of a moving target.",Left "Provide a bearing line between own ship and a moving target.",Left "Indicate the distance between two different targets.",Left "Provide a means of calibrating the fixed range rings."]


id: 8-33D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-33D3" "How is the variable range marker usually adjusted for accuracy?" [Left "Adjusting the frequency of the VRM oscillator at the maximum range.",Left "Adjusting the frequency of the VRM oscillator at the minimum range.",Left "Adjusting the readout to match at the median range ring.",Right "The minimum and maximum ranges are aligned with the matching fixed range ring."]


id: 8-33D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-33D4" "The panel control for the variable range marker is normally a:" [Right "Variable resistor.",Left "Variable inductance.",Left "Variable capacitance.",Left "Variable resolver."]


id: 8-33D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-33D5" "An important component of the VRM system is the:" [Left "Resolver.",Left "Interference rejection circuit.",Left "STC sensitivity control.",Right "Shift register."]


id: 8-33D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-33D6" "Which of the following statements about the Variable Range Marker system is correct?" [Left "The VRM is an auxiliary output of the fixed range marker oscillator.",Right "The VRM system develops a single adjustable range ring.",Left "The VRM system is calibrated using a frequency counter.",Left "The VRM system is controlled by a crystal oscillator."]


id: 8-34D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-34D1" "The purpose of the Electronic Bearing Line is to:" [Left "Indicate your own vessel's heading.",Right "Measure the bearing of a specific target.",Left "Indicate True North.",Left "Display the range of a specific target."]


id: 8-34D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-34D2" "The Electronic Bearing Line is:" [Left "The ships heading line.",Left "A line indicating True North.",Left "Used to mark a target to obtain the distance.",Right "A line from your own vessel to a specific target."]


id: 8-34D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-34D3" "Which of the following inputs is required to indicate azimuth?" [Right "Gyro signals.",Left "Synchronizer",Left "Resolver.",Left "Range rings."]


id: 8-34D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-34D4" "Bearing information from the gyro is used to provide the following:" [Left "The heading of the nearest target.",Left "Range and bearing to the nearest target.",Right "Vessel's own heading.",Left "The range of a selected target."]


id: 8-34D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-34D5" "Which of the following statements about \"true bearing\" is correct?" [Left "The ship's heading flasher is at the top of the screen.",Right "True North is at the top of the screen and the heading flasher indicates the vessel's course.",Left "The true bearing of the nearest target is indicated.",Left "The relative bearing of the nearest target is indicated."]


id: 8-34D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-34D6" "A true bearing presentation appears as follows:" [Left "The bow of the vessel always points up.",Left "The course of the five closest targets is displayed.",Right "North is at the top of the display and the ship's heading flasher indicates the vessels course.",Left "The course and distance of the closest target is displayed."]


id: 8-35D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-35D1" "In a digitized RADAR, the 360 degree sweep is divided into how many digitized segments?" [Left "16",Left "64",Left "255",Right "4,096"]


id: 8-35D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-35D2" "While troubleshooting a memory problem in a raster scan RADAR, you discover that the \"REFRESH\" cycle is not operating correctly. What type of memory circuit are you working on?" [Left "SRAM",Right "DRAM",Left "ROM",Left "PROM"]


id: 8-35D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-35D3" "The term DRAM stands for:" [Left "Digital refresh access memory.",Left "Digital recording access memory.",Right "Dynamic random access memory.",Left "Digital response area motion."]


id: 8-35D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-35D4" "How does the dual memory function reduce sea clutter?" [Right "Successive sweeps are digitized and compared. Only signals appearing in both sweeps are displayed.",Left "The dual memory system makes the desired targets larger.",Left "It reduces receiver gain for closer signals.",Left "It increases receiver gain for real targets."]


id: 8-35D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-35D5" "How many sequential memory cells with target returns are required to display the target?" [Left "1",Right "2",Left "4",Left "8"]


id: 8-35D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-35D6" "What is the primary purpose of display system memory?" [Right "Eliminate fluctuating targets such as sea return.",Left "Display stationary targets.",Left "Display the last available targets prior to a power dropout.",Left "Store target bearings."]


id: 8-36D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-36D1" "The ship's speed indication on the ARPA display can be set manually, but does not change with changes in the vessel's speed. What other indication would point to a related equipment failure?" [Left "\"GYRO OUT\" is displayed on the ARPA indicator.",Right "\"LOG OUT\" is displayed on the ARPA indicator.",Left "\"TARGET LOST\" is displayed on the ARPA indicator.",Left "\"NORTH UP\" is displayed on the ARPA indicator."]


id: 8-36D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-36D2" "What does the term ARPA/CAS refer to?" [Left "The basic RADAR system in operation.",Left "The device which displays the optional U.S.C.G. Acquisition and Search RADAR information on a CRT display.",Right "The device which acquires and tracks targets that are displayed on the RADAR indicator's CRT.",Left "The device which allows the ship to automatically steer around potential hazards."]


id: 8-36D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-36D3" "Which of the following would not be considered an input to the computer of a collision avoidance system?" [Left "Own ship's exact position from navigation satellite receiver.",Left "Own ship's gyrocompass heading.",Left "Own ship's speed from Doppler log.",Right "Own ship's wind velocity from an anemometer."]


id: 8-36D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-36D4" "Which answer best describes a line on the display which indicates a target's position. The speed is shown by the length of the line and the course by the direction of the line." [Right "Vector.",Left "Electronic Bearing Line.",Left "Range Marker.",Left "Heading Marker."]


id: 8-36D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-36D5" "What is the purpose or function of the \"Trial Mode\" used in most ARPA equipment?" [Left "It selects trial dots for targets' recent past positions.",Left "It is used to display target position and your own ship's data such as TCPA, CPA, etc.",Right "It is used to allow results of proposed maneuvers to be assessed.",Left "None of these."]


id: 8-36D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-36D6" "The ARPA term CPA refers to:" [Left "The furthest point a ship or target will get to your own ship's bow.",Left "Direction of target relative to your own ship's direction.",Left "The combined detection and processing of targets.",Right "The closest point a ship or target will approach your own ship."]


id: 8-37D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-37D1" "The display power supply provides the following:" [Left "+18 volts DC for the pulse forming network.",Right "5 volts DC for logic circuits and ( 12 volts DC for analog and sweep circuits.",Left "80 volts AC for the antenna resolver circuits.",Left "All of the above"]


id: 8-37D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-37D2" "The display power supply provides the following:" [Left "5 volts DC for logic circuits.",Left "( 12 volts DC for analog and sweep circuits.",Left "17kV DC for the CRT HV anode.",Right "All of the above"]


id: 8-37D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-37D3" "In a display system power supply what is the purpose of the chopper?" [Right "It acts as an electronic switch between the raw DC output and the inverter.",Left "It interrupts the AC supply line at a varying rate depending on the load demands.",Left "It regulates the 5 volt DC output.",Left "It pre-regulates the AC input."]


id: 8-37D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-37D4" "In a display system power supply, what is the purpose of the inverter?" [Left "Inverts the polarity of the DC voltage applied to the voltage regulators.",Left "Provides the dual polarity 12 volt DC supply.",Left "Acts as the voltage regulator for the 5 volt DC supply.",Right "Produces the pulsed DC input voltage to the power transformer."]


id: 8-37D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-37D5" "What would be a common switching frequency for a display system power supply?" [Right "18 kHz",Left "120 Hz",Left "60 kHz",Left "120 kHz"]


id: 8-37D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-37D6" "What display system power supply output would use a tripler circuit?" [Left "The logic circuit supply.",Left "The sweep circuit supply.",Right "The HV supply for the CRT anode.",Left "The resolver drive"]


id: 8-38D1
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-38D1" "The heading flash is a momentary intensification of the sweep line on the PPI presentation. Its function is to:" [Left "Alert the operator when a target is within range.",Left "Alert the operator when shallow water is near.",Right "Inform the operator of the dead-ahead position on the PPI scope.",Left "Inform the operator when the antenna is pointed to the rear of the ship."]


id: 8-38D2
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-38D2" "The major advantage of digitally processing a RADAR signal is:" [Left "Digital readouts appear on the RADAR display.",Right "Enhancement of weak target returns.",Left "An improved operator interface.",Left "Rectangular display geometry is far easier to read on the CRT."]


id: 8-38D3
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-38D3" "In order to ensure that a practical filter is able to remove undesired components from the output of an analog-to-digital converter, the sampling frequency should be:" [Left "The same as the lowest component of the analog frequency.",Left "Two times the highest component of the analog frequency.",Right "Greater than two times the highest component of the sampled frequency.",Left "The same as the highest component of the sampled frequency."]


id: 8-38D4
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-38D4" "Bearing resolution is:" [Right "The ability to distinguish two adjacent targets of equal distance.",Left "The ability to distinguish two targets of different distances.",Left "The ability to distinguish two targets of different elevations.",Left "The ability to distinguish two targets of different size."]


id: 8-38D5
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-38D5" "The output of an RC integrator, when driven by a square wave with a period of much less than one time constant is a:" [Left "Sawtooth wave.",Left "Sine wave.",Left "Series of narrow spikes.",Right "Triangle wave."]


id: 8-38D6
subelement: D
probdata:
Problem "8-38D6" "How do you eliminate stationary objects such as trees, buildings, bridges, etc., from the PPI presentation?" [Left "Remove the discriminator from the unit.",Right "Use a discriminator as a second detector.",Left "Calibrate the IF circuit.",Left "Calibrate the local oscillator."]


id: 8-39E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-39E1" "Slotted waveguide arrays, when fed from one end exhibit:" [Right "Frequency scan.",Left "High VSWR.",Left "Poor performance in rain.",Left "A narrow elevation beam."]


id: 8-39E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-39E2" "A typical shipboard RADAR antenna is a:" [Left "Rotary parabolic transducer.",Right "Slotted waveguide array.",Left "Phased planar array.",Left "Dipole."]


id: 8-39E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-39E3" "Good bearing resolution largely depends upon:" [Left "A high transmitter output reading.",Left "A high duty cycle.",Left "A narrow antenna beam in the vertical plane.",Right "A narrow antenna beam in the horizontal plane."]


id: 8-39E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-39E4" "The center of the transmitted lobe from a slotted waveguide array is:" [Right "Several degrees offset from a line perpendicular to the antenna.",Left "Perpendicular to the antenna.",Left "Maximum at the right hand end.",Left "Maximum at the left hand end."]


id: 8-39E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-39E5" "How does antenna length affect the horizontal beamwidth of the transmitted signal?" [Left "The longer the antenna the wider the horizontal beamwidth.",Right "The longer the antenna the narrower the horizontal beamwidth.",Left "The horizontal beamwidth is not affected by the antenna length.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-39E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-39E6" "What is the most common type of RADAR antenna used aboard commercial maritime vessels?" [Left "Parabolic.",Left "Truncated parabolic.",Right "Slotted waveguide array.",Left "Multi-element Yagi array."]


id: 8-40E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-40E1" "The VSWR of a microwave transmission line device might be measured using:" [Left "A dual directional coupler and a power meter.",Left "A network analyzer.",Left "A spectrum analyzer.",Right "A dual directional coupler, a power meter, and a network analyzer."]


id: 8-40E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-40E2" "The impedance total (ZO) of a transmission line can be calculated by ZO = \8730L/C  when L and C are known. When a section of transmission line contains 250 microhenries of L and 1000 picofarads of C, its impedance total (ZO) will be:" [Left "50 ohms.",Left "250 ohms.",Right "500 ohms.",Left "1,000 ohms."]


id: 8-40E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-40E3" "If long-length transmission lines are not properly shielded and terminated:" [Left "The silicon crystals can be damaged.",Right "Communications receiver interference might result.",Left "Overmodulation might result.",Left "Excessive RF loss can result."]


id: 8-40E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-40E4" "A certain length of transmission line has a characteristic impedance of 72 ohms. If the line is cut at its center, each half of the transmission line will have a ZO of:" [Left "36 ohms.",Left "144 ohms.",Right "72 ohms.",Left "The exact length must be known to determine Zo."]


id: 8-40E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-40E5" "Standing waves on a transmission line may be an indication that:" [Left "All energy is being delivered to the load.",Left "Source and surge impedances are equal to ZO and ZL.",Left "The line is terminated in impedance equal to ZO.",Right "Some of the energy is not absorbed by the load."]


id: 8-40E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-40E6" "What precautions should be taken with horizontal waveguide runs?" [Right "They should be sloped slightly downwards at the elbow and a small drain hole drilled in the elbow.",Left "They should be absolutely level.",Left "They should not exceed 10 feet in length.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-41E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-41E1" "The position of the PPI scope sweep must indicate the position of the antenna. The sweep and antenna positions are frequently kept in synchronization by the use of:" [Right "Synchro systems.",Left "Servo systems.",Left "DC positioning motors.",Left "Differential amplifiers."]


id: 8-41E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-41E2" "On a basic synchro system, the angular information is carried on the:" [Left "DC feedback signal.",Right "Stator lines.",Left "Deflection coils.",Left "Rotor lines."]


id: 8-41E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-41E3" "What is the most common type of antenna position indicating device used in modern RADARs?" [Right "Resolvers.",Left "Servo systems.",Left "Synchro transmitters.",Left "Step motors."]


id: 8-41E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-41E4" "Which of the following statements about antenna resolvers is correct?" [Left "Most resolvers contain a rotor winding and a delta stator winding.",Left "Resolvers consist of a two rotor windings and two stator windings that are 90 degrees apart.",Right "The basic resolver contains a rotor winding and two stator windings that are 90 degrees apart.",Left "Resolvers consist of a \"Y\" connected rotor winding and a delta connected stator winding."]


id: 8-41E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-41E5" "An antenna synchro transmitter is composed of the following:" [Left "Three rotor and two stator windings.",Right "Two rotor and three stator windings.",Left "Three rotor and three stator windings.",Left "A single rotor and 3 stator windings."]


id: 8-41E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-41E6" "RADAR antenna direction must be sent to the display in all ARPAs or RADAR systems. How is this accomplished?" [Left "3-phase synchros.",Left "2-phase resolvers.",Left "Optical encoders.",Right "Any of the above."]


id: 8-42E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-42E1" "Wave guides can be constructed from:" [Left "Brass.",Left "Aluminum.",Left "Copper.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 8-42E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-42E2" "A microwave transmission line constructed of a center conductor suspended between parallel conductive ground planes is called:" [Left "Microstrip.",Left "Coax.",Right "Stripline.",Left "Waveguide."]


id: 8-42E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-42E3" "Wave guide theory is based upon:" [Right "The movement of an electromagnetic field.",Left "Current flow through conductive wires.",Left "Inductance.",Left "Resonant charging."]


id: 8-42E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-42E4" "A waveguide is used at RADAR microwave frequencies because:" [Left "It is easier to install than other feedline types.",Left "It is more rugged than other feedline types.",Left "It is less expensive than other feedline types.",Right "It has lower transmission losses than other feedline types."]


id: 8-42E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-42E5" "Wave guide theory is based on the principals of:" [Left "Ohm's Law.",Left "High standing waves.",Right "Skin effect and use of \188 wave stubs.",Left "None of the above."]


id: 8-42E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-42E6" "How is the signal removed from a waveguide or magnetron?" [Left "With a thin wire called a T-hook.",Right "With a thin wire called a J-Hook.",Left "With a coaxial connector.",Left "With a waveguide flange joint."]


id: 8-43E1
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-43E1" "A rotary joint is used to:" [Left "Couple two waveguides together at right angles.",Left "Act as a switch between two waveguide runs.",Right "Connect a stationary waveguide to the antenna array.",Left "Maintain pressurization at the end of the waveguide."]


id: 8-43E2
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-43E2" "Resistive losses in a waveguide are very small because:" [Right "The inner surface of the waveguide is large.",Left "The inner surface of the waveguide is small.",Left "The waveguide does not require a ground connection.",Left "The heat remains in the waveguide and cannot dissipate."]


id: 8-43E3
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-43E3" "A right-angle bend in an X-band waveguide must have a radius greater than:" [Left "Three inches.",Left "Six inches.",Left "One inch.",Right "Two inches."]


id: 8-43E4
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-43E4" "To insert RF energy into or extract RF energy from a waveguide, which of the following would not be used?" [Right "Coupling capacitance.",Left "Current loop.",Left "Aperture window.",Left "Voltage probe."]


id: 8-43E5
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-43E5" "The following is true concerning waveguides:" [Left "Conduction is accomplished by the polarization of electromagnetic and electrostatic fields.",Left "Ancillary deflection is employed.",Left "The magnetic field is strongest at the center of the waveguide.",Right "The magnetic field is strongest at the edges of the waveguide."]


id: 8-43E6
subelement: E
probdata:
Problem "8-43E6" "At microwave frequencies, waveguides are used instead of conventional coaxial transmission lines because:" [Left "They are smaller and easier to handle.",Right "They have considerably less loss.",Left "They are lighter since they have hollow centers.",Left "Moisture is never a problem with them."]


id: 8-44F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-44F1" "When you examine the RADAR you notice that there is no target video in the center of the CRT. The blank spot gets smaller in diameter as you increase the range scale. What operator front panel control could be misadjusted?" [Left "TUNE.",Right "Sensitivity Time Control (STC).",Left "Anti-Clutter Rain (ACR).",Left "False Target Elimination (FTE)."]


id: 8-44F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-44F2" "Range rings on the PPI indicator are oval in shape. Which circuit would you suspect is faulty?" [Left "Timing circuit.",Left "Video amplifier circuit.",Left "Range marker circuit.",Right "Sweep generation circuit."]


id: 8-44F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-44F3" "What would be the most likely defective area when there is no target video in the center of the CRT and the blank spot gets smaller in diameter as your range scale is increased?" [Right "The TR (TRL) Cell.",Left "The local oscillator is misadjusted.",Left "Video amplifier circuit.",Left "The IF amplifier circuit."]


id: 8-44F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-44F4" "While the vessel is docked the presentation of the pier is distorted near the center of the PPI with the pier appearing to bend in a concave fashion. This is a primary indication of what?" [Left "The deflection coils need adjusting.",Left "The centering magnets at the CRT neck need adjusting.",Right "The waveguide compensation delay line needs adjusting.",Left "The CRT filaments are weakening."]


id: 8-44F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-44F5" "In a RADAR using digital video processing, a bright, wide ring appears at a fixed distance from the center of the display on all digital ranges. The transmitter is operating normally. What receiver circuit would you suspect is causing the problem?" [Left "VRM circuit.",Right "Video storage RAM or shift register.",Left "Range ring generator.",Left "EBL circuit."]


id: 8-44F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-44F6" "The raster scan RADAR display has missing video in a rectangular block on the screen. Where is the most likely problem area?" [Left "Horizontal sweep circuit.",Left "Power supply.",Right "Memory area failure.",Left "Vertical blanking pulse."]


id: 8-45F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-45F1" "A circuit card in a RADAR system has just been replaced with a spare card. You notice the voltage level at point E in Fig. 8F12 is negative 4.75 volts when the inputs are all at 5 volts. The problem is:" [Left "The 25 K resistor is open.",Left "The 100 K resistor has been mistakenly replaced with a 50 K resistor.",Left "The op amp is at the rail voltage.",Right "The 50 K resistor has been mistakenly replaced with a 25 K resistor."]


id: 8-45F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-45F2" "A defective crystal in the AFC section will cause:" [Left "No serious problems.",Right "Bright flashing pie sections on the PPI.",Left "Spiking on the PPI.",Left "Vertical spikes that constantly move across the screen."]


id: 8-45F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-45F3" "The RADAR display has sectors of solid video (spoking). What would be the first thing to check?" [Left "Antenna information circuits failure.",Left "Frequency of raster scan.",Right "For interference from nearby ships.",Left "Constant velocity of antenna rotation."]


id: 8-45F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-45F4" "In the circuit contained in Fig. 8F12, there are 5 volts present at points B and C, and there are zero volts present at points A and D. What is the voltage at point E?" [Right "21.5 Volts.",Left "3.75 Volts.",Left "23.75 Volts.",Left "4.5 Volts."]


id: 8-45F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-45F5" "If the TR tube malfunctions:" [Left "The transmitter might be damaged.",Right "The receiver might be damaged.",Left "The klystron might be damaged.",Left "Magnetron current will increase."]


id: 8-45F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-45F6" "The indicated distance from your own vessel to a lighthouse is found to be in error. What circuit would you suspect?" [Right "Range ring oscillator.",Left "Video amplifier.",Left "STC circuit.",Left "FTC circuit."]


id: 8-46F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-46F1" "Silicon crystals are used in RADAR mixer and detector stages. Using an ohmmeter, how might a crystal be checked to determine if it is functional?" [Left "Its resistance should be the same in both directions.",Right "Its resistance should be low in one direction and high in the opposite direction.",Left "Its resistance cannot be checked with a dc ohmmeter because the crystal acts as a rectifier.",Left "It would be more appropriate to use a VTVM and measure the voltage drop across the crystal."]


id: 8-46F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-46F2" "In a RADAR unit, if the crystal mixer becomes defective, replace the:" [Left "Crystal only.",Left "The crystal and the ATR tube.",Right "The crystal and the TR tube.",Left "The crystal and the klystron."]


id: 8-46F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-46F3" "An increase in magnetron current that coincides with a decrease in power output is an indication of what?" [Left "The pulse length decreasing.",Left "A high SWR.",Left "A high magnetron heater voltage.",Right "The external magnet weakening."]


id: 8-46F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-46F4" "It is reported that the RADAR is not receiving small targets. The most likely causes are:" [Right "Magnetron, IF amplifier, or receiver tuning.",Left "PFN, crystals, or processor memory.",Left "Crystals, local oscillator tuning, or power supply.",Left "Fuse blown, IF amp, or video processor."]


id: 8-46F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-46F5" "A high magnetron current indicates a/an:" [Left "Defective AFC crystal.",Left "Increase in duty cycle.",Right "Defective external magnetic field.",Left "High standing wave ratio (SWR)."]


id: 8-46F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-46F6" "Low or no mixer current could be caused by:" [Left "Local oscillator frequency misadjustment.",Left "TR cell failure.",Left "Mixer diode degradation.",Right "All of the above."]


id: 8-47F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-47F1" "If the magnetron is allowed to operate without the magnetic field in place:" [Left "Its output will be somewhat distorted.",Right "It will quickly destroy itself from excessive current flow.",Left "Its frequency will change slightly.",Left "Nothing serious will happen."]


id: 8-47F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-47F2" "Targets displayed on the RADAR display are not on the same bearing as their visual bearing. What should you first suspect?" [Left "A bad reed relay in the antenna pedestal.",Left "A sweep length misadjustment.",Left "One phase of the yoke assembly is open.",Right "Incorrect antenna position information."]


id: 8-47F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-47F3" "Loss of distant targets during and immediately after wet weather indicates:" [Right "A leak in waveguide or rotary joint.",Left "High atmospheric absorption.",Left "Dirt or soot on the rotary joint.",Left "High humidity in the transmitter causing power supply loading."]


id: 8-47F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-47F4" "In a marine RADAR set, a high VSWR is indicated at the magnetron output. The waveguide and rotary joint appear to be functioning properly. What component may be malfunctioning?" [Left "The magnetron",Left "The waveform generator",Left "The STC circuit",Right "The waveguide array termination"]


id: 8-47F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-47F5" "On a vessel with two RADARs, one has a different range indication on a specific target than the other. How would you determine which RADAR is incorrect?" [Right "Check the sweep and timing circuits of both indicators for correct readings.",Left "Triangulate target using the GPS and visual bearings.",Left "Check antenna parallax.",Left "Use the average of the two indications and adjust both for that amount."]


id: 8-47F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-47F6" "An increase in the deflection on the magnetron current meter could likely be caused by:" [Left "Insufficient pulse amplitude from the modulator.",Left "Too high a B1 level on the magnetron.",Right "A decrease of the magnetic field strength.",Left "A lower duty cycle, as from 0.0003 to 0.0002."]


id: 8-48F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-48F1" "A thick layer of rust and corrosion on the surface of the parabolic dish will have what effect?" [Left "No noticeable effect.",Left "Scatter and absorption of RADAR waves.",Right "Decrease in performance, especially for weak targets.",Left "Slightly out of focus PPI scope."]


id: 8-48F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-48F2" "The echo box is used for:" [Left "Testing the wavelength of the incoming echo signal.",Right "Testing and tuning of the RADAR unit by providing artificial targets.",Left "Amplification of the echo signal.",Left "Detection of the echo pulses."]


id: 8-48F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-48F3" "What should be done to the interior surface of a waveguide in order to minimize signal loss?" [Left "Fill it with nitrogen gas.",Left "Paint it with nonconductive paint to prevent rust.",Right "Keep it as clean as possible.",Left "Fill it with a high-grade electrical oil."]


id: 8-48F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-48F4" "Which of the following is the most useful instrument for RADAR servicing?" [Right "Oscilloscope.",Left "Frequency Counter.",Left "R. F. Wattmeter.",Left "Audio generator."]


id: 8-48F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-48F5" "A non-magnetic screwdriver should always be used when replacing what component?" [Left "TR tube.",Left "Mixer.",Left "Video amplifier.",Right "Magnetron."]


id: 8-48F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-48F6" "What kind of display would indicate water in the waveguide?" [Left "Spoking.",Right "Large circular rings near the center.",Left "Loss of range rings.",Left "Wider than normal targets."]


id: 8-49F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-49F1" "Why is coaxial cable often used for S-band installations instead of a waveguide:" [Right "Losses can be kept reasonable at S-band frequencies and the installation cost is lower.",Left "A waveguide will not support the power density required for modern S-band RADAR transmitters.",Left "S-band waveguide flanges show too much leakage and are unsafe for use near personnel.",Left "Dimensions for S-band waveguide do not permit a rugged enough installation for use by ships at sea."]


id: 8-49F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-49F2" "RADAR interference to a communications receiver is eliminated by:" [Left "Not operating other devices when RADAR is in use.",Right "Properly grounding, bonding, and shielding all units.",Left "Using a high pass filter on the power line.",Left "Using a link coupling."]


id: 8-49F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-49F3" "Why should long horizontal runs of waveguide be avoided?" [Left "They must be insulated to prevent electric shock.",Left "To prevent damage from shipboard personnel.",Left "To minimize reception of horizontally polarized returns.",Right "To prevent accumulation of condensation."]


id: 8-49F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-49F4" "Long horizontal sections of waveguides are not desirable because:" [Right "Moisture can accumulate in the waveguide.",Left "The waveguide can sag, causing loss of signal.",Left "Excessive standing waves can occur.",Left "The polarization of the signal might shift."]


id: 8-49F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-49F5" "In a RADAR system, wave guides should be installed" [Left "Slightly bent for maximum gain.",Right "As straight as possible to reduce distortion.",Left "At 90 degree angles to improve resonance.",Left "As long as possible for system flexibility."]


id: 8-49F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-49F6" "What is the most important factor to consider in locating the antenna?" [Left "Allow the shortest cable/waveguide run.",Left "Maximum height for best long range operation.",Right "The antenna is in a location that is not shadowed by other structures.",Left "Easy access for maintenance."]


id: 8-50F1
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-50F1" "Choose the most correct statement with respect to component damage from electrostatic discharge:" [Left "ESD damage occurs primarily in passive components which are easily identified and replaced.",Left "ESD damage occurs primarily in active components which are easily identified and replaced.",Left "The technician will feel a small static shock and recognize that ESD damage has occurred to the circuit.",Right "ESD damage may cause immediate circuit failures, but may also cause failures much later at times when the RADAR set is critically needed."]


id: 8-50F2
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-50F2" "Before testing a RADAR transmitter, it would be a good idea to:" [Left "Make sure no one is on the deck.",Left "Make sure the magnetron's magnetic field is far away from the magnetron.",Right "Make sure there are no explosives or flammable cargo being loaded.",Left "Make sure the Coast Guard has been notified."]


id: 8-50F3
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-50F3" "While making repairs or adjustments to RADAR units:" [Left "Wear fire-retardant clothing.",Right "Discharge all high-voltage capacitors to ground.",Left "Maintain the filament voltage.",Left "Reduce the magnetron voltage."]


id: 8-50F4
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-50F4" "While removing a CRT from its operating casing, it is a good idea to:" [Left "Discharge the first anode.",Left "Test the second anode with your fingertip.",Right "Wear gloves and goggles.",Left "Set it down on a hard surface."]


id: 8-50F5
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-50F5" "If a CRT is dropped:" [Left "Most likely nothing will happen because they are built with durability in mind.",Left "It might go out of calibration.",Left "The phosphor might break loose.",Right "It might implode, causing damage to workers and equipment."]


id: 8-50F6
subelement: F
probdata:
Problem "8-50F6" "Prior to removing, servicing or making measurements on any solid state circuit boards from the RADAR set, the operator should ensure that:" [Right "The proper work surfaces and ESD grounding straps are in place to prevent damage to the boards from electrostatic discharge.",Left "The waveguide is detached from the antenna to prevent radiation.",Left "The magnetic field is present to prevent over-current damage or overheating from occurring in the magnetron.",Left "Only non-conductive tools and devices are used."]


